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Characteristics of carbonaceous aerosols analyzed using a multiwavelength thermal/optical carbon analyzer: A case study in Lanzhou City

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Science China Earth Sciences 2019年第2期62卷 389-402页

作者： yulan zhang Shichang KANG State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences Northwest Institute of Eco-Environmental Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences Geoscience Innovation and Innovation Center of the Tibetan Plateau Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Characteristics of atmospheric carbonaceous aerosols in Lanzhou City from December 2014 to November 2015 are analyzed using a multiwavelength thermal/optical carbon analyzer. Results reveal that average concentrations of black carbon (BC) and organic carbon in atmospheric aerosols at Lanzhou are 6.7 and 25.4 μg m^(-3), respectively, showing obvious seasonality (higher in winter and lower in summer). This is consistent with findings in cities of northern China. Primary organic aerosols and secondary organic aerosols respectively account for approximately 60% and 17% of carbonaceous aerosols. No significant seasonality is found for secondary organic carbon, indicating that its potential sources do not vary significantly throughout the study period. The mass absorption cross-section (MAC_(632nm)) of BC is 7.1 m^2g^(-1), slightly higher than that of immediately emitted BC. MAC values of BC at different wavelengths vary drastically; they are higher for ultraviolet and visible light (8.5–10.2 m^2g^(-1)) than for near-infrared light (4.9–5.7 m^2g^(-1)). The aerosol absorption optical depth generally declines from the near-infrared to the near-ultraviolet region. The values are higher in winter than in summer, thus showing there are different contributions of BC deposition in different seasons. Brown carbon (BrC) has an ?ngstr?m absorption exponent (AAE) value of approximately 2.75, which is similar to the AAE value of BrC generated by diesel combustion (2.3). The contribution of BrC to light absorption is as much as 34% at a wavelength of 635 nm. This study demonstrates that the multiwavelength thermal/optical carbon analyzer can quantify absorption properties of BrC in atmospheric aerosols. This can enhance understanding of carbonaceous aerosols and provide key parameters for simulations of climate models.

关键词： Carbonaceous aerosol Black carbon Organic carbon Brown carbon Multiwavelength thermal/optical carbon analyzer

A review on source,occurrence,and impacts of microplastics in freshwater aquaculture systems in China

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Water Biology and Security 2022年第3期1卷 1-9页

作者： Chenxi Wu Xiong Xiong Amir Hossein Hamidian yulan zhang Xiangrong Xu State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430072China Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Faculty of Natural ResourcesUniversity of Tehran31587-77878Iran State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou730000China CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine BiologySouth China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou510301China

Microplastic pollution has become an increasingly important environmental issue worldwide in recent years because of its ubiquitous presence in different environmental media and its potential to affect the health of organisms and *** contributes significantly to the world's food production and nutritional supply,especially in developing *** occurrence of microplastics in aquaculture systems has raised great concern regarding aquaculture production and food safety issues of aquaculture *** is a world leader in aquaculture production,with freshwater aquaculture accounting for 59.1%of total aquaculture production of the world in ***,this review mainly focuses on recent research progress related to microplastic pollution in freshwater aquaculture systems in *** from the literature show that microplastics are present in freshwater aquaculture systems at abundances comparable to natural waterbodies in *** can be ingested and remain in the body of aquaculture *** to microplastics can adversely affect the health of aquatic organisms and aquatic ecosystem ***,risks of microplastics in real world environment remain *** of freshwater aquaculture products is not a major pathway for human exposure to *** provide scientific guidance for governmental decision-making and pollution control,future work should focus on progress in toxicological methodology and understanding the impacts of microplastics at community and ecosystem levels.

关键词： Pond aquaculture Pollution characteristics Aquatic product Exposure risks Microplastics

Transcriptomic analysis identifies the S100 calcium-binding protein β subunit(S100B)and intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1)as potential diagnostic biomarkers for acute cerebral infarction

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第1期11卷 46-48页

作者： Dan Cheng Yushuo Wang Jingna Li yulan Yao Simiao zhang Yunliang Wang Department of Neurology Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan 450014China School of Medicine Medical Sciences and Nutrition University of AberdeenAberdeen AB252ZDUK Department of Neurology The 960th Hospital of PLAZiboShandong 255300China

Due to its high mortality,disability,and recurrence rates,cerebral infarction has a serious impact on the economy and is a physical and psychological burden on patients.1 There is a huge unmet medical need for biomarkers to predict acute cerebral *** have shown that the ischemic damage to neurons,myelin,and glia caused by a stroke leads to the release of the S100 calcium-binding protein beta subunit(S100B)through the blood-brain barrier into the systemic circulation,resulting in an increase in the level of S100B in the peripheral blood.

关键词： S100B cerebral infarction

Supercritical fluid technology:A game-changer for biomacromolecular nanomedicine preparation and biomedical application

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第7期35卷 89-99页

作者： Yating Zheng yulan Huang Jing Luo Xuqi Peng Xiran Gui Gang Liu Yang zhang State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases Xiang An Biomedicine LaboratoryNational Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine ResearchState Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular DiagnosticsCenter for Molecular Imaging and Translational MedicineSchool of Public HealthXiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China Shen Zhen Research Institute of Xiamen University Shenzhen 518057China Division of Urology and Department of Surgery Brigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115United States Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province(IKKEM) Xiamen 361102China

Biomacromolecules are attractive in biomedical applications as therapeutic agents and potential drug carriers due to their natural active components,good biocompatibility,and high ***,their large relative molecular weight,complex structure,susceptibility to degradation,and poor stability limit their *** can address these issues by improving the therapeutic value,bioavailability,permeability,and absorption of biomacromolecules while regulating their retention time in the ***,compelling evidence has been reported that supercritical fluid(SCF)technology has emerged as an alternative that maintains the integrity of biomacromolecules and reduces environmental *** this review,we highlight a set of unique nanosizing strategies based on SCF technology for biomacromolecular nanomedicine,and extensively discuss their characteristics and *** particular,the protein-based,nucleic acid-based,and polysaccharide-based nanomedicine preparations via SCF technology and their biomedical applications are summarized,and the potential for industrial production of biomacromolecular drugs is also *** further provide perspectives on the opportunities and challenges in this excellent field of biomacromolecular drugs nanotechnology.

关键词： Biomacromolecules Supercritical fluid technology Therapeutic proteins Gene therapy Nanomedicine

Cryosphere as a temporal sink and source of microplastics in the Arcticregion

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Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第4期14卷 187-199页

作者： yulan zhang Tanguang Gao Shichang Kang Deonie Allen Zhaoqing Wang Xi Luo Ling Yang Jinlei Chen Zhaofu Hu Pengfei Chen Wentao Du Steve Allen State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China College of Earth and Environmental Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China School of Geography Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonBirminghamB152TTUK School for Resource and Environmental Studies Dalhousie UniversityHalifaxNova Scotia B3H 4R2Canada University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Microplastics(MPs)pollution has become a serious environmental issue of growing global concern due to the increasing plastic production and *** climate warming,the cryosphere,defined as the part of Earth’s layer characterized by the low temperatures and the presence of frozen water,has been experiencing significant *** Arctic cryosphere(e.g.,sea ice,snow cover,Greenland ice sheet,permafrost)can store and release pollutants into environments,making Arctic an important temporal sink and source of ***,we summarized the distributions of MPs in Arctic snow,sea ice,seawater,rivers,and sediments,to illustrate their potential sources,transport pathways,storage and release,and possible effects in this sentinel *** concentrations of MPs in snow and ice varied about 1-6 orders of magnitude in different regions,which were mostly attributed to the different sampling and measurement methods,and potential sources of *** concentrations from Arctic seawater,river/lake water,and sediments also fluctuated largely,ranging from several items of per unit to>40,000 items m^(-3),100 items m^(-3),and 10,000 items kg^(-1) dw,*** land snow cover can be a temporal storage of MPs,with MPs deposition flux of about(4.9-14.26)×10^(8) items km^(-2) yr^(-1).MPs transported by rivers to Arctic ocean was estimated to be approximately 8-48 ton/yr,with discharge flux of MPs at about(1.65-9.35)×10^(8) items/*** storage of MPs in sea ice was estimated to be about 6.1×10^(18) items,with annual release of about 5.1×10^(18) *** transport of MPs from long-distance terrestrial sources contributed significantly to MPs deposition in Arctic land snow cover,sea ice and oceanic surface *** Great Rivers can flow MPs into the Arctic *** ice can temporally store,transport and then release MPs in the surrounded *** currents from the Atlantic brought high concentrations of MPs into the ***,there existed large u

关键词： Microplastics Arctic Sea ice Snow Seawater Sediments

N,S,Br co-doped carbon dots:One-step synthesis and fluorescent detection of 6-mercaptopurine in tablet

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2024年第2期14卷 291-293页

作者： Qi Wang Ying Cheng Lifeng Ding Shengling Li Jie zhang yulan Niu Ziye Jing Chemistry&Chemical Engineering Department Taiyuan Institute of TechnologyTaiyuan030008China Department of Anesthesiology First Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan030001China

6-mercaptopurine(6-MP),a purine derivative(3,7-dihydropurine-6-thione),has been utilized as an effective immunosuppressive drug for clinically treating leukemia and other autoimmune diseases[1].6-MP and its corresponding metabolites can suppress the function of RnaseH,and thus they are cytotoxic and threaten the human health[2].Therefore,the accurate quantification of 6-MP is *** date,researchers continue to expend considerable effort in developing 6-MP detection *** analysis eliminates disadvantages,such as toxic solvents,expensive equipment.

关键词： purine synthesis eliminate

A method for estimating the contribution of evaporative vapor from Nam Co to local atmospheric vapor based on stable isotopes of water bodies

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第14期56卷 1511-1517页

作者： XU YanWei KANG ShiChang zhang yulan zhang YongJun Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes. Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere and Environment Lanzhou 730000 China

During the summer monsoon season,the moisture of precipitation events in southern and central regions of the Tibetan Plateau is mainly moisture from the Indian Ocean transported by the Indian monsoon and terrestrial vapor derived from the surface of the Tibetan ***,the respective contributions of these two types of moisture are not *** June to September,the excess deuterium values of precipitation and river water in the Nam Co basin are higher than those for the southern Tibetan *** reflects the mixing of evaporation from Nam Co and local atmospheric *** the basis of theory for estimating the contribution of evaporative vapor from surface water bodies to atmospheric vapor and relative stable isotopes in water bodies (precipitation,river water,atmospheric moisture and lake water),this study preliminarily estimates that the average contribution of evaporation from the Lake Nam Co to local atmospheric vapor has varied from 28.4% to 31.1% during the summer monsoon season in recent years.

关键词：稳定同位素方法大气水汽地表水体纳木错蒸发青藏高原南部蒸汽估算

Tuning the exciton binding energy of covalent organic frameworks for efficient photocatalysis

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第2期35卷 577-583页

作者： zhangjie Gu Zhen Shan yulan Wang Jinjian Wang Tongtong Liu Xiaoming Li Zhiyang Yu Jian Su Gen zhang Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment College of ChemistryFuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350002China MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Material and Devices School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province School of Basic Medical SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

Owing to the large exciton binding energy(>100 meV)of most organic materials,the process of exciton dissociation into free electrons and holes is seriously hindered,which plays a key role in the photocatalytic *** this study,a series of chalcogen(S,Se)-substituted mesoporous covalent organic frameworks(COFs)have been synthesized for enhanced photocatalytic organic *** measurements indicate that the introduction of semi-metallic Se atom and the enlargement of conjugation degree can not only reduce the exciton binding energy accelerating the charge separation,but also reduce the band gap of *** a result,the COF-NUST-36 with the lowest exciton binding energy(39.5 meV)shows the highest photocatalytic performance for selective oxidation of amines(up to 98%*** 97.5%Sel.).This work provides a feasible method for designing COFs with high photocatalytic activity by adjusting exciton binding energy.

关键词： Covalent organic frameworks Exciton binding energy Atom substitution Extended conjugation Photocatalysis

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古浪县南部山区典型林分林火类型划分

甘肃林业科技 2024年第1期49卷 71-75页

作者：张宝学王雪蓉张玉兰柴登川蔡小龙王慧娟朱从玲田亚利古浪县海子滩林场甘肃古浪733100 古浪县林业技术服务中心甘肃古浪733100

针对古浪县南部山区生态工程实施导致幼林面积不断增加,可燃物空间连续性增强的现状,以样地调查的方法在古浪县南部山区7种典型林分内,对林火具有影响的指标树高、胸径、枝下高、冠幅、含水率、郁闭度、可燃物载量、草本高度、凋落物厚... 详细信息

针对古浪县南部山区生态工程实施导致幼林面积不断增加,可燃物空间连续性增强的现状,以样地调查的方法在古浪县南部山区7种典型林分内,对林火具有影响的指标树高、胸径、枝下高、冠幅、含水率、郁闭度、可燃物载量、草本高度、凋落物厚度等进行了调查,采用聚类分析的方法,将具有相似因子属性的林分划分为相似类型,并通过林分内部特性与燃烧特性综合分析,依据各类因子特性区别划分,结合实际分析不同林分组合的燃烧特性,将7种典型林分划分为3类,山杨为一类,采取低强度火为主的防治措施,兼顾地下火;榆树、白桦和山杏为一类,采取低强度火为主的防治措施,兼顾树冠火;山桃、侧柏、云杉为一类,主要采取树冠火为主的防治措施。结合不同林分林火特征进行防火演练,在提高护林员素质同时,可实现林火的科学高效预防与扑救。

关键词：古浪县山区林火类型