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Acquisition of Knowledge and Skills about Delivery by Self-Evaluation of Midwifery Students Using the Labor and Delivery Assistance Evaluation Sheets

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Open Journal of Nursing 2022年第7期12卷 459-480页

作者： yuko Harding Faculty of Nursing Chukyo Gakuin University Mizunami Gifu Japan

Aim: This study aims to clarify the current state of advancement of knowledge and skills in the educational process from self-assessments by midwifery student labor and delivery assistance evaluation sheets. Method: Metrology is an observational and retrospective study. Self-assessments in labor and delivery assistance evaluation sheets of midwifery students registered in an advanced midwifery course at Nursing College A from Apr. 2017 to Mar. 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. The end-points were every score of six classifications: health checkups and assessments of women who give birth, preparations for labor and delivery assistance, delivery assistance in the parturient second stage, delivery assistance in the parturient third and fourth stages, midwifery process, and the training manner. Moreover, they also included the scores of 64 evaluation items belonging to any of the six classifications and a comprehensive evaluation score in which students judged the acquisition of all knowledge and skills of delivery assistance. In addition, although not on the evaluation sheet, the average score of all 64 evaluation items was also included. The evaluation criteria were five levels, from one to five. The end-points were examined by comparing the experiences of delivery assistances in two periods of Results: 80 among 91 evaluation sheets from eight out of nine students were analyzed. The average score of all 64 evaluation items, every score of the six classifications, and the comprehensive evaluation score was significantly elevated in the experience periods of 6 ≤ times (P Conclusion: Training in adaptation and enforcement of amniotomy and assistance skills for lacerations sutures will be needed in future educational challenges. Self-assessment scores by midwifery students in labor and delivery assistance evaluation sheets were significantly elevated in the experience periods of 6 ≤ times.

关键词： Evaluation Labor Delivery Education College/University

Computed tomography attenuation values of ascites are helpful to predict perforation site

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第5期21卷 1573-1579页

作者： Ryo Seishima Koji Okabayashi Hirotoshi Hasegawa Masashi Tsuruta Hiroki Hoshino Toru Yamada yuko Kitagawa Department of Surgery Keio University School of MedicineTokyo 1608582Japan

AIM:To evaluate the effect of computed tomography(CT) attenuation values of ascites on gastrointestinal(GI) perforation site ***:The CT attenuation values of the ascites from 51 patients with GI perforations were measured by volume rendering to calculate the mean *** effect of the CT attenuation values of the ascites on perforation site prediction and postoperative complications was ***:Of 24 patients with colorectal perforations,the CT attenuation values of ascites were significantly higher than those in patients with perforations at other sites [22.5 Hounsfield units(HU) vs 16.5 HU,respectively,P = 0.006].Colorectal perforation was significantly associated with postoperative complications(P = 0.038).The prediction rate of colorectal perforation using attenuation values as an auxiliary diagnosis improved by 9.8% compared to that of CT findings alone(92.2% vs 82.4%).CONCLUSION:The CT attenuation values of ascites could facilitate the prediction of perforation sites and postoperative complications in GI perforations,particularly in cases in which the perforation sites are difficult to predict by CT findings alone.

关键词： Perforation site prediction Gastrointestinal perfo

International Exchanges by College Nursing Students: “International Comparisons of Awareness and Challenges”

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Open Journal of Nursing 2019年第7期9卷 779-793页

作者： yuko Harding Faculty of Nursing St. Mary’s College Fukuoka Japan

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the extent of awareness of international exchanges among college nursing students in Japan and other countries and to identify strategies to improve awareness. Method: This is an integrative literature review, consisting of scientific articles published on “Ichushi-Web,” an Internet-based retrieval service by the Japan Medical Abstracts Society (JAMAS) and Google Scholar for domestic documents and, PubMed, Medline, Cochrane library and Google Scholar for foreign documents. We employed search parameters for “the years from 2000 to 2017” in combination with “international educational exchange”, “schools, nursing”, “students, nursing”, “program evaluation”, and “awareness.” Result: The data were extracted from seven documents among a review of 29 retrieved domestic documents written in Japanese, and another seven documents among a review of 111 retrieved foreign documents written in English. All documents from Japan were reports of quantitative studies, and most documents from other countries were qualitative studies. The data from Japanese research reports were classified into four perspectives: interest in international exchange, need to participate in international exchange, understanding of different cultures and awareness of foreign settlers. The data from research reports from other countries were classified into three perspectives: understanding of different cultures, improving expertise in nursing, and awareness of the international community. Conclusions: Strategies that will enhance students’ understanding of diverse cultures are needed to increase their awareness of international exchanges.

关键词： International Educational Exchange Schools Nursing Students Program Evaluation Awareness

Changes in Citizen Participation in Japanese Civil Society

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Journalism and Mass Communication 2017年第10期7卷 574-587页

作者： yuko Suda Toyo University TokyoJapan

Japan experienced the retrenchment of the welfare state. The purpose of this study was to deepen the understanding of the impact these policy changes had on citizens’ organized activities. It focused on the 2016 revision of Long-Term Care Insurance （LTCI） system, which urged citizens to organize activities to support the frail seniors in their communities. Researchers conducted interviews in the Tokyo from February-March 2016. The subjects were six local officers in charge of LTCI implementation and 10 community members who led the voluntary activities organized as a response to the 2016 systemic revision. This study found that those leading voluntary activities were primarily baby boomers, who were born between 1947 and 1949. They were actively involved in “new voluntary activity movements” in the 1980s, as interacting with a wide range of citizens. However, as they reached the age of 65 or older, they became more focused on developing a comfortable space and collaborating with those similar to them： those who were college graduates, middle- to upper-class, and held white-collar jobs. The disparity based on income level seemed to be emphasized also because the way the 2016 revision of LTCI system was designed.

关键词： voluntary activities baby boomers welfare state civil society

Enter a City Gallant-Clowns in the Jacobean Theater

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Journal of Literature and Art Studies 2018年第6期8卷 880-891页

作者： KOBAYASHI,yuko Tokyo University of Science TokyoJapan

Economic growth and social stability in the late sixteenth century brought unprecedented prosperity to the city of London. As Thomas Platter observed in 1599, most of the inhabitants were employed in commerce, and merchants accumulated their wealth. After his accession to the throne, King James generously distributed honors to wealthy merchants and others. Titles became a salable commodity. The sale of honors impaired respect for the titles and aroused bitter feelings and contempt for knighthood and baronetage among citizens. Gentlemen and ladies who suddenly rose to dignity tried to act suitably in their new status and dressed themselves up; yet they often became the subject for laughter. These upstarts were represented in contemporary dramas as ridiculous, contemptuous, and ill-mannered. The fancifully-dressed “city clowns” who came into being in the first decades of the seventeenth century, were found not only on stage but also in and outside of theaters.

关键词： Jacobean drama stage clown city gallant stage costume

Characteristics of superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinomas undetectable with narrow-band imaging endoscopy

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Gastroenterology Report 2021年第5期9卷 402-407,I0001页

作者： Shingo Ono Akira Dobashi Hiroto Furuhashi Akio Koizumi Hiroaki Matsui yuko Hara Kazuki Sumiyama Department of Endoscopy The Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan

Background The detection rate of narrow-band imaging(NBI)for superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(SESCC),including high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia,is significantly higher than that of white-light ***,there are SESCCs that are undetectable by NBI but detectable by Lugol chromoendoscopy(LCE)and the characteristics of these SESCCs are still ***,this study aimed to clarify the characteristics of SESCC that are undetectable using *** Patients with current SCC or a history of SCC in the head and neck or in the esophagus were *** inspection of the esophagus was initiated by NBI,followed by *** were taken of all suspected SESCC lesions during NBI observation and Lugol-voiding lesions(LVLs)that were irregularly shaped and>5mmand/or pink in color during LCE *** characteristics of SESCC that were undetectable with NBI were statistically *** Overall,147 lesions in 105 cases were histologically diagnosed as *** in 15 cases were NBI-undetectable lesions,all of which were macroscopic flat type(0-IIb).The median sizes of the NBI-undetectable lesions and NBI-detectable lesions were both 15mm(P=0.47).Multivariate analysis revealed independent factors for NBI-undetectable lesions such as numerous irregularly shaped LVLs(odds ratio[OR]:4.94,95%confidence interval[CI]:1.39–17.5,P<0.05)and anterior wall position(OR:4.99,95%CI:1.58–15.8,P<0.05).Conclusions The detection of SESCCs with NBI is challenging when lesions are morphologically completely flat,in cases with numerous irregularly shaped LVLs,and if located at the anterior wall.

关键词： esophageal squamous cell carcinoma narrow-band imaging Lugol chromoendoscopy Lugol-voiding lesions

Effects of alginate and laminaran on the microbiota and antioxidant properties of human faecal cultures

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Food Bioscience 2022年第3期47卷 1244-1251页

作者： Gayang Lee Mika Harada yuko Midorikawa Mahiro Yamamoto Ayaka Nakamura Hajime Takahashi Takashi Kuda Department of Food Science and Technology Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology4-5-7 KonanMinato-kuTokyo108-8477Japan

Alginate and laminaran are water soluble dietary fibres in brown *** a previous study,pure cultures of Bacteroides xylanisolvens,Bacteroides uniformis,and Erysipelaclostridium ramosum increased antioxidant capacities in the broth with alginate and/or laminaran *** study was conducted to evaluate the presence of the alginate-and laminaran-responsive human gut indigenous bacteria(RIB)and their ***,human stool samples were cultured in media without(control),or with 1%(w/v)alginate or laminaran at 37℃ for 24 h under anaerobic *** showed that during incubation,the pH of the culture reduced with the *** production was clearly suppressed via laminaran supplementation in the faecal sample *** 16S rRNA(V4)gene amplicon sequencing confirmed that ***-,*** and ***-like bacteria were alginate-and/or laminaran-RIB in human gut,although their read numbers differed among ***,some butyrate-producers,such as Faecalibacterium and Roseburia,were also detected as the RIB in alginate and laminaran cultures,*** increased 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and superoxide anion radical-scavenging capacities and the Fe-reducing power of the culture ***,the fermented cultures increased the nitric oxide secretion in macrophage like RAW 264.7 cells *** results suggest that the interaction of alginate and laminaran with their RIB may have desirable effects on the host as next generation prebiotics when brown algae are ingested.

关键词： Alginate Laminaran Human gut microbiota Antioxidant capacity Faecal culture

A comparison of three methods of decellularization of pig corneas to reduce immunogenicity

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2014年第4期7卷 587-593页

作者： Whayoung Lee yuko Miyagawa Cassandra Long David K.C.Cooper Hidetaka Hara Department of Surgery Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute University of Pittsburgh

·AIM: To investigate whether decellularization using different techniques can reduce immunogenicity of the cornea, and to explore the decellularized cornea as a scaffold for cultured corneal endothelial cells(CECs).Transplantation of decellularized porcine corneas increases graft transparency and survival for longer periods compared with fresh grafts.·METHODS: Six-month-old wild-type pig corneas were cut into 100-200 μm thickness, and then decellularized by three different methods: 1) 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS); 2) hypoxic nitrogen(N2); and 3) hypertonic NaCl. Thickness and transparency were assessed visually. Fresh and decellularized corneas were stained with hematoxylin/eosin(H&E), and for the presence of galactose-α1,3-galactose(Gal) and N-glycolylneuraminic acid(NeuGc, a nonGal antigen). Also, a human IgM/IgG binding assay was performed. Cultured porcine CECs were seeded on the surface of the decellularized cornea and examined after H&E staining.· RESULTS: All three methods of decellularization reduced the number of keratocytes in the stromal tissue by >80% while the collagen structure remained preserved. No remaining nuclei stained positive for Gal or NeuGc, and expression of these oligosaccharides on collagen was also greatly decreased compared to expression on fresh corneas. Human IgM/IgG binding to decellularized corneal tissue was considerably reduced compared to fresh corneal tissue. The cultured CECs formed a confluent monolayer on the surface of decellularized tissue.· CONCLUSION: Though incomplete, the significant reduction in the cellular component of the decellularized cornea should be associated with a significantly reduced in vivo immune response compared to fresh corneas.

关键词： cornea decellularization immuneresponse pig xenotransplantation

Cryo-EM structure and rRNA modification sites of a plant ribosome

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Plant Communications 2022年第5期3卷 144-152页

作者： Patrick Cottilli Yuzuru Itoh yuko Nobe Anton S.Petrov Purificacion Lison Masato Taoka Alexey Amunts Science for Life Laboratory Department of Biochemistry and BiophysicsStockholm University17165 SolnaSweden Department of Chemistry Graduate School of ScienceTokyo Metropolitan UniversityMinami-osawa 1-1Hachioji-shiTokyo 192-0397Japan School of Chemistry and Biochemistry Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA Instituto de Biologıa Molecular y Celular de Plantas Universitat Politecnica de Valencia(UPV)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientıficas(CSIC)Ciudad Politecnica de la Innovacion(CPI)Valencia 46022Spain

Protein synthesis in crop plants contributes to the balance of food and fuel on our planet,which influences human metabolic activity and *** synthesis can be regulated with respect to changing environmental cues via the deposition of chemical modifications into ***,we present the structure of a plant ribosome from tomato and a quantitative mass spectrometry analysis of its *** study reveals fine features of the ribosomal proteins and 71 plant-specific rRNA modifications,and it re-annotates 30 rRNA residues in the available *** the protein level,isoAsp is found in position 137 of uS11,and a zinc finger previously believed to be universal is missing from eL34,suggesting a lower effect of zinc defi-ciency on protein synthesis in *** the rRNA level,the plant ribosome differs markedly from its human counterpart with respect to the spatial distribution of ***,it represents an additional layer of gene expression regulation,highlighting the molecular signature of a plant *** results provide a reference model of a plant ribosome for structural studies and an accurate marker for molecular ecology.

关键词： plant tomato ribosome RNA structure