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Activation of neurogenesis in the hippocampus is a novel therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease

Neuroprotection 2023年第2期1卷 139-142页

作者： Akihiko Taguchi yuka okinaka Akiko Takeda Takayuki Okamoto Johannes Boltze Carsten Claussen Sheraz Gul Department of Regenerative Medicine Research Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation at KobeHyogoJapan Department of Pharmacology Faculty of MedicineShimane UniversityIzumoShimaneJapan School of Life Sciences University of WarwickCoventryUK Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP HamburgGermany Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune-Mediated Diseases CIMD HamburgGermany

The pathologies associated with age-related brain dysfunction,including Alzheimer's disease(AD),Parkinson's disease,Lewy body dementia,and vascular dementia,often share similarities across multiple diseases.1 While various factors,such as amyloidβ,Tau protein,α-synuclein,chronic inflammation,and impaired cerebral microcirculation have been suggested as potential therapeutic targets,addressing a single factor is unlikely to be sufficient in preventing or treating age-related brain *** from these observations.

关键词： therapeutic Alzheimer impaired

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Desired Lifestyle of Older Adults with Dementia Living at Home from Their Perspective and That of Their Families with Support from Care Providers

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Health 2021年第12期13卷 1460-1474页

作者： Yumi okinaka Academic Field of Health Sciences Okayama University Okayama Japan

Objective: This study aimed to determine the lifestyle of older adults with dementia living at home, how their families perceive them, and how care providers support their desired lifestyle. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 pairs of older adults with dementia, their families, and care providers followed by a qualitative descriptive study. Results: Older adults with dementia described their lifestyle as follows: “I continue to take pride in the way I have lived so far,” “I want to do what I can now even if I cannot do it well,” “I live peacefully with my family,” “I go out and interact with people,” and “I live this time today with care.” Families regarded the lifestyle of older adults with dementia as a desire “to continue living at home peacefully,” “to live on their own,” and that they “probably do not want anything.” Care providers’ support was based on “respect (for an older adult with dementia) as a person,” “drawing out and making use of what they can do with their current abilities through providing care,” “supporting families and confirming their sense of satisfaction with life,” and “predicting the future course and supporting decision-making.” Conclusions: To support the lifestyle of older adults with dementia, it is important to ensure that they continue to have dignity and are comfortable living with their families and in their communities without intimidation.

关键词： Older Adults with Dementia Life Aging Family Home Care

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Relationship between Depression and Aging Awareness among Frail Older Adults Living Alone in Japan

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Health 2018年第11期10卷 1539-1553页

作者： Yumi okinaka Graduate School of Health Sciences Okayama University Okayama Japan

Aim: This study aimed to clarify the relationship between depression and aging awareness among older adults living alone with low-level long-term-care needs. Methods: Participants were older adults aged 65 years and older in Japan. Data were collected via an anonymous questionnaire. Participants were categorized based on their long-term care need level, from Support 1 to Care 2 according to the care insurance criteria in Japan. The questionnaire included: 1) the Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Version-Japanese (GDS);2) items on aging life satisfaction at present, and positive and negative aging awareness in the past (when they were young);3) the SF-8 to assess health-related quality of life;4) the Lubben Social Network Scale-6 (LSNS-6);and 5) items on the use of care services. Data were analyzed using multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: In total, 457 participants were recruited. Their mean age was 83.9 ± 6.5 years;39.8% of the participants had a GDS score of 6 and above. In the regression analysis, the GDS score significantly correlated with aging life satisfaction at present, negative aging awareness in the past, mental health, and social networks. Conclusion: Older adults living alone who have positive views of their current lives and lacked negative views of aging in their younger years were resistant to depression after being certified as requiring low-level long-term care. Preventing and improving depression in this population requires community-based support to expand their social networks and to help individuals of all ages view the aging process positively.

关键词： Depression Older Adult Aging Awareness Living Alone Frail

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Particle-Discretization Scheme Finite Element Method for Solving Fracture Problems

Particle-Discretization Scheme Finite Element Method for Sol...

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第三届亚太国际工程中计算方法学术会议ICOME2009暨第九届全国工程中边界元、无网格等数值方法学术会议

作者： M.Hori K.Oguni W.M.J.Lalith T.okinaka Earthquake Research Institute the University of Tokyo Department of System Design Engineering Keio University Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology Department of Civil Engineering Kinki University

This paper proposes a simple treatment of material heterogeneity which causes variability of growing crack path when a brittle body fails. A proposed treatment is formulated in terms of a new discretization scheme, called particle discretization scheme (PDS), which uses characteristic functions as basis functions. A new finite element method implemented with the discretization scheme (PDS-FEM) is developed. For a plate with initial anti-symmetric cracks, Monte-Carlo simulation of crack growth is made by means of PDS-FEM, and the variability of the computed crack path are compared with the experimental data. It is shown that even though some limitations are found, PDS-FEM analysis is able to evaluate the variability of growing crack path.

关键词： variability of brittle failure computation of cracking particle discretization scheme probability density function fracture experiment

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