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FSS: algorithm and neural network accelerator for style transfer

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 253-266页

作者： Yi LING yujie HUANG yujie cai Zhaojie LI Mingyu WANG Wenhong LI Xiaoyang ZENG State Key Laboratory of ASIC & System Fudan University Shanghai Explore X Technology Co. Ltd.

Neural networks(NNs), owing to their impressive performance, have gradually begun to dominate multimedia processing. For resource-constrained and energy-sensitive mobile devices, an efficient NN accelerator is necessary. Style transfer is an important multimedia application. However, existing arbitrary style transfer networks are complex and not well supported by current NN accelerators, limiting their application on mobile devices. Moreover, the quality of style transfer needs improvement. Thus, we design the Fast Style system(FSS), where a novel algorithm and an NN accelerator are proposed for style transfer. In FSS, we first propose a novel arbitrary style transfer algorithm, Fast Style. We propose a light network that contributes to high quality and low computational complexity and a prior mechanism to avoid retraining when the style changes. Then, we redesign an NN accelerator for Fast Style by applying two improvements to the basic NVIDIA deep learning accelerator(NVDLA) architecture. First, a flexible dat FSM and wt FSM are redesigned to enable the original data path to perform other operations(including the GRAM operation)by software programming. Moreover, statistics and judgment logic are designed to utilize the continuity of a video stream and remove the data dependency in the instance normalization, which improves the accelerator performance by 18.6%. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed Fast Style can achieve higher quality with a lower computational cost, making it more suitable for mobile devices. The proposed NN accelerator is implemented on the Xilinx VCU118 FPGA under a 180-MHz clock. Experimental results show that the accelerator can stylize 512×512-pixel video with 20 FPS, and the measured performance reaches up to 306.07 GOPS. The ASIC implementation in TSMC 28 nm achieves about 22 FPS in the case of a 720-p video.

关键词： neural network accelerator style transfer neural network deep learning

Research on wind turbine blade damage based on pre-stressed FBG strain sensors

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Optoelectronics Letters 2024年第2期20卷 83-88页

作者： cai yujie YANG Zhiquan ZHANG Bihua WEI Yufeng Faculty of Land Resources Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093China Faculty of Public Safety and Emergency Management Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093China Beijing FBGTECH Optic Electric Technology Co. Ltd.Beijing 100043China1

One of the essential parts of a wind power generator that captures wind energy is the wind turbine blade.The safety of the blades rapidly declines as a wind turbine's operating period grows.For real-time monitoring,a chip-type pre-stressed fiber Bragg grating(FBG)strain sensor was fabricated.The sensor's structure was improved using simulation analysis along with optimization.It was discovered through calibration trials that the pre-stressing method expanded the sensor's range of measurement,guaranteed overall linearity,and prevented the potential hysteresis phenomena during compression.The sensor's final sensitivity was calculated to be 1.970 pm/με,and its linear fitting coefficient was 0.999.Finally,the sensor was used to monitor the wind turbine blades and the strain change curve of the root of a normally functioning blade is found to be a sine curve,which provides a certain reference value for judging whether the blade is damaged in the future.

关键词： blade strain damage

High speed laser cladding as a new approach to prepare ultra-high temperature ceramic coatings

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第2期13卷 143-154页

作者： Qiyao Deng Pengfei He Chuan Sun Yang Li Yue Xing yujie Wang Jinglong Li Xiubing Liang Xin Wang yujie Zhou Yujun cai National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Oriented Automobile Die&Mould Tianjin University of Technology and EducationTianjin 300222China Defense Innovation Institute Academy of Military ScienceBeijing 100071China School of mechanical engineering Tianjin University of Technology and EducationTianjin 300222China Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Beijing 100012China

Ultra-high temperature ceramic(UHTC)coatings are used to protect the hot-end components of hypervelocity aerocrafts from thermal ablation.This study provides a new approach to fabricate UHTC coatings with high speed laser cladding(HSLC)technology,and places more emphasis on investigating the formation mechanism,phase compositions,and mechanical properties of HSLC-UHTC coatings.Results show that a well-bonded interface between the coating and the tantalum alloy substrate can be formed.The coating is mainly composed of(Zr,Ta)C ceramic solid solution phase with a content of higher than 90% by volume and Ta(W)metal solid solution phase.At a relatively high powder feeding rate,the ZrC ceramic phase appears in the coating while a dense ZrC UHTC top layer with a thickness of up to~50μm is successfully fabricated.As for the mechanical properties of the HSLC coatings,the fracture toughness of the coating decreases with the increase of powder feeding rate.The increase of carbide solid solution phase can significantly improve the high temperature microhardness(552.7±1.8 HV0.5@1000℃).The innovative design of HSLC ZrC-based coatings on refractory alloys accomplishes continuous transitions on microstructure and properties from the substrate to the UHTC top layer,which is a very promising candidate scheme for thermal protection coating.

关键词： high speed laser cladding(HSLC) ultra-high temperature ceramic(UHTC) thermal protection coating microstructure mechanical properties

Total flavonoids of Astragalus membranaceus protect against 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced neurotoxicity in mice by inhibiting ferroptosis through SLC7A11/GPX-4 signaling pathway

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第1期13卷 414-420页

作者： Zitian Gao Gaorui Wang yujie Chen Wuke Yuan Jun cai Aiping Feng Jie Fang Qi Xu Xiaojun Wu School of Public Health Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 201203China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines The Ministry of Education(MOE)Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese MedicineInstitute of Chinese Materia MedicaShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 201203China Longhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 201203China

Parkinson’s disease(PD)is a common neurodegenerative disorder with no cure.Astragalus membranaceus is used in Chinese culture as a food supplement to boost immunity.The present study aimed to explore the neuroprotective effects of total flavonoids extracted from A.membranaceus(TFA)and their protective mechanisms.TFA offered neuroprotection against 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine(MPTP)in the mouse model of Parkinsonism,by improving behavior performance in the gait analysis and pole test,and inhibiting the decline of tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)positive neurons and TH protein expression in substantia nigra of mice.TFA also prevented 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium(MPP+)induced neurotoxicity in SHSY5Y cells,by increasing GSH and GSH/GSSG ratio,and reducing reactive oxygen species.In addition,the neuroprotective effects of TFA were associated with its ability to restore MPTP/MPP+induced downregulation of SLC7A11 and glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX-4).In conclusion,we demonstrated that TFA exerted significant neuroprotection against MPTP/MPP+induced neurodegeneration by inhibiting ferroptosis through the regulation of SLC7A11/GPX-4 axis,suggesting the use of TFA as a possible food supplement in the prevention of PD.

关键词： Parkinson’s disease Total fl avonoids of Astragalus membranaceus Ferroptosis SLC7A11

Jiaohong pills attenuate neuroinflammation and amyloid-βprotein-induced cognitive deficits by modulating the mitogen-activated protein kinase/nuclear factor kappa-B pathway

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2024年第3期7卷 222-233页

作者： Hong Zhang Weiyan cai Lijinchuan Dong Qing Yang Qi Li Qingsen Ran Li Liu Yajie Wang yujie Li Xiaogang Weng Xiaoxin Zhu Ying Chen Institute of Chinese Materia Medica China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina

Background:Jiaohong pills(JHP)consist of Pericarpium Zanthoxyli(PZ)and Radix Rehmanniae,two herbs that have been extensively investigated over many years due to their potential protective effects against cognitive decline and memory impairment.However,the precise mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects remain elusive.Here,research studies were conducted to investigate and validate the therapeutic effects of JHP on Alzheimer's disease.Methods:BV-2 cell inflammation was induced by lipopolysaccharide.AD mice were administered amyloid-β(Aβ).Behavioral experiments were used to evaluate learning and memory ability.The levels of nitric oxide(NO),tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α),interleukin-1β(IL-1β),and interleukin-10(IL-10)were detected using enzymelinked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The protein expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)and the phosphorylation level of mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)and nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB)were detected using Western blot.Nissl staining was used to detect neuronal degeneration.Results:The results demonstrated that an alcoholic extract of PZ significantly decreased the levels of NO,IL-1β,TNF-α,and iNOS;increased the expression level of IL-10;and significantly decreased the phosphorylation levels of MAPK and NF-κB.These inhibitory effects were further confirmed in the AD mouse model.Meanwhile,JHP improved learning and memory function in AD mice,reduced neuronal damage,and enriched the Nissl bodies in the hippocampus.Moreover,IL-1βand TNF-αin the cortex were significantly downregulated after JHP administration,whereas IL-10showed increased expression.Conclusions:It was found that JHP reduced neuroinflammatory response in AD mice by targeting the MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway.

关键词： amyloid-β(Aβ)protein BV2 neuroinflammation Pericarpium Zanthoxyli Radix Rehmanniae

Production,purification and activity evaluation of three novel antioxidant peptides obtained from grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella)scale waste by microbial protease BaApr1 hydrolysis

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Systems Microbiology and Biomanufacturing 2022年第3期2卷 568-579页

作者： Shuang Li Qiaopeng Tian Tiantian Meng Zhengbing Guan yujie cai Xiangru Liao The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology Ministry of EducationSchool of BiotechnologyJiangnan University1800 Lihu RoadWuxi 214122JiangsuPeople’s Republic of China

In this study,an alkaline protease BaApr1 from the Bacillus altitudinis W3 was chosen to hydrolysis grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella)scales.The hydrolysate of alkaline protease BaApr1 exhibited the best antioxidant activity compared to other protease hydrolysates.The optimal hydrolysis conditions for BaApr1 were an enzyme dosage of 1250 U/g,a hydrolysis time of 7 h,a pH of 9.5 and a temperature of 50℃.Three novel peptides were purified using ultrafiltration,anion exchange chromatography,gel filtration chromatography and ultra-performance liquid chromatography,and their sequences were identified as Tyr-Val-Gln-Ala-Gly-Ala-Ala-Gly-Ala-Ala-Ala-His(SHP2),Val-Lys-Leu-Tyr-Val-Leu-Leu-Val-Pro(SHP4),and Val-Gln-Val-Leu-Ala-Gly-Pro-Val-Val-Lys-Leu-Tyr(SHP5)with molecular weights of 1086.53 Da,1043.69 Da and 1285.79 Da,respectively.Among them,SHP2 exhibited the highest scavenging activity on DPPH;(EC_(50)4.08 mg/mL),ABTS+;(EC_(50)0.23 mg/mL)and HO;(EC_(50)2.78 mg/mL),and the strongest reducing power.Additionally,SHP5 can significantly inhibit lipid peroxidation in the linoleic acid system.In conclusion,three peptides isolated from scales of hydrolysate of grass carp showed great antioxidant activity and might be used as potential food ingredients and pharmaceuticals.

关键词： Antioxidant activity Peptides Alkaline protease Ctenopharyngodon idella Bacillus altitudinis

Mid-infrared single-photon upconversion spectroscopy based on temporal-spectral quantum correlation

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Photonics Research 2022年第11期10卷 2614-2621页

作者： yujie cai YU CHEN XIAONING XIN KUN HUANG E WU State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062China Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Optics Chongqing Institute of East China Normal UniversityChongqing 401120China Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China

Promoting the sensitivity of mid-infrared(MIR) spectroscopy to the single-photon level is a critical need for investigating photosensitive biological samples and chemical reactions. MIR spectroscopy based on frequency upconversion is a compelling pioneer allowing high-efficiency MIR spectral measurement with well-developed single-photon detectors, which overcomes the main limitations of high thermal noise of current MIR detectors.However, noise from other nonlinear processes caused by strong pump fields hinders the development of the upconversion-based MIR spectroscopy to reach the single-photon level. Here, a broadband MIR single-photon frequency upconversion spectroscopy is demonstrated based on the temporal-spectral quantum correlation of non-degenerate photon pairs, which is well preserved in the frequency upconversion process and is fully used in extracting the signals from tremendous noise caused by the strong pump. A correlation spectrum broader than660 nm is achieved and applied for the demonstration of sample identification under a low incident photon flux of 0.09 average photons per pulse. The system is featured with non-destructive and robust operation, which makes single-photon-level MIR spectroscopy an appealing option in biochemical applications. ? 2022 Chinese Laser Press.

关键词： spectroscopy noise pump

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中国南方崩岗侵蚀驱动因素的空间尺度效应

Journal of Geographical Sciences 2024年第5期34卷 942-962页

作者：刘政魏玉杰崔婷婷鲁浩蔡崇法 College of Resources and Environment Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China

Gully erosion,an integrated result of various social and environmental factors,is a severe problem for sustainable development and ecology security in southern China.Cur-rently,the dominant driving forces on gully distribution are shown to vary at different spatial scales.However,few systematic studies have been performed on spatial scaling effects in identifying driving forces for gully erosion.In this study,we quantitatively identified the de-terminants of gully distribution and their relative importance at four different spatial scales(southern China,Jiangxi province,Ganxian county,and Tiancun township,respectively)based on the Boruta algorithm.The optimal performance of gully susceptibility mapping was investigated by comparing the performance of the multinomial logistic regression(MLR),lo-gistic model tree(LMT),and random forest(RF).Across the four spatial scales,the total contributions of gully determinants were classified as lithology and soil(32.65%)≥topogra-phy(22.40%)>human activities(22.31%)>climate(11.32%)>vegetation(11.31%).Among these factors,precipitation(7.82%),land use and land cover(6.16%),rainfall erosivity(10.15%),and elevation(11.59%)were shown to be the predominant factors for gully erosion at the individual scale of southern China,province,county,and township,respectively.In addition,contrary to climatic factors,the relative importance of soil properties and vegetation increased with the decrease of spatial scale.Moreover,the RF model outperformed MLR and LMT at all the investigated spatial scales.This study provided a reference for factor selection in gully susceptibility modeling and facilitated the development of gully erosion management strategies suitable for different spatial scales.

关键词： gully erosion scaling effect erosion control gully susceptibility southern China

我国南方典型红壤区景观格局对崩岗侵蚀的影响

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生态学报 2024年第7期44卷 2817-2825页

作者：蔡源远崔婷婷刘政魏玉杰武汉理工大学艺术与设计学院武汉430070 华中农业大学资源与环境学院武汉430070

崩岗是地质构造、地貌条件、气象水文、植被、人类活动等综合作用下形成的一种复合侵蚀地貌,崩岗的形成与发展已严重制约了当地农业生产和社会经济发展。通过调整土地利用结构方式、优化景观格局是防治红壤区崩岗侵蚀的重要手段。如何... 详细信息

崩岗是地质构造、地貌条件、气象水文、植被、人类活动等综合作用下形成的一种复合侵蚀地貌,崩岗的形成与发展已严重制约了当地农业生产和社会经济发展。通过调整土地利用结构方式、优化景观格局是防治红壤区崩岗侵蚀的重要手段。如何从斑块类型水平揭示景观格局与崩岗侵蚀的关系,对于控制崩岗侵蚀、提高生态环境效益具有重要意义。以福建省安溪县为例,运用ArcGIS水文分析工具和DEM数据将该区域划分为53个子流域,以崩岗面积与密度为响应变量,景观格局指数为解释变量,采用冗余分析(RDA)法和通径分析法,从斑块类型水平探讨景观格局指数与崩岗面积与密度的影响。结果表明:影响崩岗侵蚀的景观格局指数主要由土地利用类型决定,其中林地的景观格局指数对崩岗特征的解释度最高(63.82%),其次为耕地(49.19%)和建设用地(42.01%);耕地景观类型面积、林地聚集度、建设用地景观形状指数和林地斑块连接度4个指标显著影响崩岗特征,对崩岗特征变化的贡献率分别为51.5%、26.9%、9.2%和6.1%,且4个指标对崩岗特征的累积解释度达到66.2%;通径分析发现耕地景观类型面积、林地斑块连接度、林地边缘密度、林地斑块类型面积百分比和建设用地边缘密度的综合作用对崩岗面积变化和密度变化的解释程度分别为71%和85%,其中耕地景观类型面积和林地斑块类型面积百分比对崩岗面积和崩岗密度的影响最大,通径系数分别是0.499、-0.440和0.608、-0.342。总体而言,科学合理的规划耕地、林地和建设用地的空间布局,提升景观类型整体生态效应,对抑制崩岗侵蚀具有重要意义。研究结果对于科学规划土地利用、控制红壤区崩岗侵蚀具有重要指导意义。

关键词：土壤侵蚀土地利用冗余分析子流域斑块类型水平

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