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Mobility of rhenium and selenium during chemical weathering and their implication for petrogenic organic carbon oxidation

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第3期67卷 740-750页

作者： yuhong zhang Jin WANG Yuanxin QU Chao ZHU zhangdong JIN State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi'an 710061China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Xi'an Institute for Innovative Earth Environment Research Xi'an 710061China Institute of Global Environmental Change Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China

The oxidative weathering of petrogenic organic carbon(OC_(petro)) is an important source of carbon dioxide(CO_(2)) into the atmosphere on geological timescales and significantly influences the carbon cycle and global climate change. However, at present, a robust proxy to assess OC_(petro)oxidation is lacking. Riverine rhenium(Re) has emerged as a potential proxy to trace OC_(petro)oxidation, but little is known about Re sources and its relationship with OC_(petro)oxidation. To better understand the robustness of this proxy, we analyzed a shale weathering profile from the early Cambrian Shuijingtuo Formation in Chengkou County, Chongqing City, to address the mobility of Re and selenium(Se) and their relationship with the oxidation of OC_(petro)by analyses of the elemental variation and sequential extraction. The results showed that the chemical index of alteration(CIA)increases from the fresh bedrock to the weathered sections, indicating enhanced weathering intensity. Based on the sequential extraction and mass transfer coefficients(τ), Re and Se mainly exist in the organic phase of shale and are paired lost with OC_(petro) during weathering, with no obvious correlation with sulfide minerals. Furthermore, the different proportions of Re and Se loss with OC_(petro) loss can be attributed to their different geochemical behaviors during weathering. Our study supports Re as a robust proxy to trace OC_(petro) oxidation, whereas Se is the potential one. In the future, combined studies on various sedimentary rock profiles with catchment basins are needed to determine the sources of riverine Re and Se and their relationships with OC_(petro) oxidation.

关键词： Rhenium and selenium Shale Mobility OC_(petro) Chemical weathering

Effects of Health Education with Problem-Based Learning Approaches on the Knowledge, Attitude, Practice and Coping Skills of Women with High-Risk Pregnancies in Plateau Areas

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Open Journal of Nursing 2024年第5期14卷 192-199页

作者： Ying Wu Suolang Sezhen Renqing Yuzhen Hong Wei Zhijuan Zhan Baima Hongying yuhong zhang Lihong Liu Department of Nursing Linzhi People&#8217s Hospital Linzhi China Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Linzhi People&#8217s Hospital Linzhi China

Objective: Given the unique cultural background, way of life, and physical environment of the Tibetan Plateau, this study aims to investigate the effects of health education using problem-based learning (PBL) approaches on the knowledge, attitude, practice, and coping skills of women with high-risk pregnancies in this region. Methods: 76 high-risk pregnancy cases were enrolled at Tibet’s Linzhi People’s Hospital between September 2023 and April 2024. 30 patients admitted between September 2023 and December 2023 were selected as the control group and were performed with regular patient education. 46 patients admitted between January 2024 and April 2024 were selected as the observation group and were performed regular patient education with problem-based learning approaches. Two groups’ performance on their health knowledge, attitude, practice and coping skills before and after interventions were evaluated, and patient satisfaction were measured at the end of the study. Results: There was no statistical significance (P P P Conclusions: Health education with problem-based learning approaches is worth promoting as it can help high-risk pregnant women in plateau areas develop better health knowledge, attitude and practice and healthier coping skills. Also, it can improve patient sanctification.

关键词： Plateau Areas Patients with High-Risk Pregnancies Problem-Based Learning Health Education Health Knowledge Attitude and Practice Coping Skills

SEMI-PROXIMAL POINT METHOD FOR NONSMOOTH CONVEX-CONCAVE MINIMAX OPTIMIZATION

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2024年第3期42卷 617-637页

作者： yuhong Dai Jiani Wang Liwei zhang LSEC ICMSECAMSSChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Mathematical SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Mathematical Sciences Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China

Minimax optimization problems are an important class of optimization problems arising from modern machine learning and traditional research areas.While there have been many numerical algorithms for solving smooth convex-concave minimax problems,numerical algorithms for nonsmooth convex-concave minimax problems are rare.This paper aims to develop an efficient numerical algorithm for a structured nonsmooth convex-concave minimax problem.A semi-proximal point method(SPP)is proposed,in which a quadratic convex-concave function is adopted for approximating the smooth part of the objective function and semi-proximal terms are added in each subproblem.This construction enables the subproblems at each iteration are solvable and even easily solved when the semiproximal terms are cleverly chosen.We prove the global convergence of our algorithm under mild assumptions,without requiring strong convexity-concavity condition.Under the locally metrical subregularity of the solution mapping,we prove that our algorithm has the linear rate of convergence.Preliminary numerical results are reported to verify the efficiency of our algorithm.

关键词： Minimax optimization Convexity-concavity Global convergence Rate of con-vergence Locally metrical subregularity

Cretaceous-Neogene Exhumation of the Daqing Shan,North China Constrained by Apatite Fission Track Thermochronology

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第1期35卷 99-111页

作者： Junlin Zhou yuhong Li Wei Han Yunpeng zhang Gaochao Chen Qiao zhang Jianshe Wei Yazhuo Niu Xi'an Center of China Geological Survey Xi an 710054China Northwest China Center for Center Geoscience Innovation Xi'an 710054China

The Daqing Shan(DQS)located in the Yinshan-Yanshan Orogenic Belt plays an important role in the Mesozoic to Cenozoic evolution of the North China Craton.However,the cooling and exhumation history since the Cretaceous is still controversial.Integrating the apatite fission track(AFT)data in both this study and previous works,a three-stage exhumation history from Cretaceous to Neogene of the DQS is proposed.(1)The first stage is composed of the early exhumation during Early Cretaceous driven by the collision between the North China and Siberia cratons(ca.148-132 Ma)and the far-field effect of the subduction of the Pacific Plate(ca.132-114 Ma).(2)Due to the subsidence of the Hetao Basin and the subsequent compensation between the DQS and the Hetao Basin,the DQS experienced the second rapid exhumation from Early Eocene to Early Oligocene(ca.54-29 Ma).(3)Since the Late Miocene(ca.13.5 Ma),the third rapid cooling and exhumation of the DQS occurred due to the far-field effect of the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau and the subduction of the Pacific Plate.

关键词： Daqing Shan Hetao Basin Cretaceous-Neogene apatite geochronology apatite fission track cooling and exhumation

Multiresponsive,easy-reversible,and dual-visual Pt(Ⅱ)salt nanostructures for advanced anti-counterfeiting application

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Nano Research 2024年第1期17卷 372-381页

作者： Zhen Su§ Depeng Li§ Lixin zhang Si Tian yuhong Su Xiaoyun Hu Duan Xiong Qingqing Guan Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals Ministry of Education College of Chemical EngineeringXinjiang UniversityUrumqi 830017China

Smart materials that integrate multi-stimuli response,full reversibility,and dual-visual read-out channel are highly desired for anticounterfeiting and information encryption applications.Herein,we developed a multiresponsive perchlorate terpyridyl Pt(Ⅱ)nano complex which could undergo fully reversible conversion between three forms stimulated by water or formaldehyde molecule due to the extent of Pt–Pt interaction.Meanwhile,a dual-visual channel,i.e.,the colorimetric channel changed from yellow to orange or red and the corresponding luminescent channel from orange to orange-red or red,has also been found.The weak and equivalent strength of ion-dipole interaction and hydrogen bond that generated between formaldehyde/water and Pt(II)salt result in the easy-control reversibility between the three forms.Furthermore,by introducing different polymer matrices,1Cl·ClO_(4)@PMMA(1Cl·ClO_(4):[Pt(tpy)Cl]·ClO4,tpy:2,2':6',2''-terpyridine),PMMA:poly(methyl methacrylate))and 1Cl·ClO4@PVA(PVA:polyvinyl alcohol)are successfully constructed,which exhibit different reversible behaviors since the PMMA and PVA matrix exert different influences on the strength of hydrogen-bond.Those smart Pt(II)salt nanostructures present great potential for high-security-level anticounterfeiting application.

关键词： Pt(II)complex multiresponse reversibility anticounterfeiting information encryption

Non-B-form DNA is associated with centromere stability in newly-formed polyploid wheat

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 1479-1488页

作者： Congyang Yi Qian Liu yuhong Huang Chang Liu Xianrui Guo Chaolan Fan Kaibiao zhang Yang Liu Fangpu Han Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Non-B-form DNA differs from the classic B-DNA double helix structure and plays a crucial regulatory role in replication and transcription.However,the role of non-B-form DNA in centromeres,especially in polyploid wheat,remains elusive.Here,we systematically analyzed seven non-B-form DNA motif profiles(A-phased DNA repeat,direct repeat,G-quadruplex,inverted repeat,mirror repeat,short tandem repeat,and Z-DNA)in hexaploid wheat.We found that three of these non-B-form DNA motifs were enriched at centromeric regions,especially at the CENH3-binding sites,suggesting that non-B-form DNA may create a favorable loading environment for the CENH3 nucleosome.To investigate the dynamics of centromeric non-B form DNA during the alloploidization process,we analyzed DNA secondary structure using CENH3 ChIP-seq data from newly formed allotetraploid wheat and its two diploid ancestors.We found that newly formed allotetraploid wheat formed more non-B-form DNA in centromeric regions compared with their parents,suggesting that non-B-form DNA is related to the localization of the centromeric regions in newly formed wheat.Furthermore,non-B-form DNA enriched in the centromeric regions was found to preferentially form on young LTR retrotransposons,explaining CENH3's tendency to bind to younger LTR.Collectively,our study describes the landscape of non-B-form DNA in the wheat genome,and sheds light on its potential role in the evolution of polyploid centromeres.

关键词： non-B-form DNA polyploid wheat centromere retrotransposon

Lactobacillus plantarum J26 alleviates alcohol-induced oxidative liver injury by regulating the Nrf2 signaling pathway

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 2068-2078页

作者： Hongxuan Li Shasha Cheng yuhong Wang Yilin Sun Jiaxin zhang Mingshuang Sun Chaoxin Man Yu zhang Yujun Jiang Key Laboratory of Dairy Science Ministry of EducationCollege of Food Science and EngineeringNortheast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China

Oxidative stress is one of the main ways to cause alcohol-induced liver injury,and alcoholic liver disease(ALD)has been a common health problem worldwide.Lactic acid bacteria(LAB)is also considered as a potential treatment to alleviate alcohol-induced liver injury.Lactobacillus plantarum J26 is a LAB isolated from Chinese traditional fermented dairy products with excellent probiotic effects.This study aimed to establish a mice model of alcoholic liver injury through acute-on-chronic alcohol feeding and to study the alleviating effect of pre-intake of L.plantarum J26 on alcohol-induced oxidative liver injury and focus on its potential mechanism of alleviating effect.The results showed that pre-intake of L.plantarum J26 could improve liver pathological changes,reduce lipid accumulation,increase mitochondrial ATP and mitochondrial(mtDNA)levels,and alleviate liver injury.In addition,pre-intake L.plantarum J26 can improve the level of short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)in the intestines in mice,short chain fatty acids can be used as a signaling molecule activation of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2)signaling pathway to alleviate liver oxidative stress,and maintain mitochondrial homeostasis by regulating the expression of genes related to mitochondrial dynamics and autophagy,thereby reducing cell apoptosis to alleviate alcohol-induced oxidative liver injury.

关键词： Alcoholic liver disease Probiotics Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2) Oxidative stress Short-chain fatty acids

The Turbulent Schmidt Number for Transient Contaminant Dispersion in a Large Ventilated Room Using a Realizable k-εModel

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第4期20卷 829-846页

作者： Fei Wang Qinpeng Meng Jinchi Zhao Xin Wang yuhong Liu Qianru zhang School of Environment and Architecture University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai200093China

Buildings with large open spaces in which chemicals are handled are often exposed to the risk of explosions.Computational fluid dynamics is a useful and convenient way to investigate contaminant dispersion in such large spaces.The turbulent Schmidt number(Sc_(t))concept has typically been used in this regard,and most studies have adopted a default value.We studied the concentration distribution for sulfur hexafluoride(SF_(6))assuming different emission rates and considering the effect of Sc_(t).Then we examined the same problem for a light gas by assuming hydrogen gas(H_(2))as the contaminant.When SF_(6) was considered as the contaminant gas,a variation in the emission rate completely changed the concentration distribution.When the emission rate was low,the gravitational effect did not take place.For both low and high emission rates,an increase in S_(ct) accelerated the transport rate of SF_(6).In contrast,for H_(2) as the contaminant gas,a larger S_(ct) could induce a decrease in the H_(2) transport rate.

关键词： Large space CFD turbulent Schmidt number contaminant dispersion emission rate

Enterogenic Stenotrophomonas maltophilia migrates to the mammary gland to induce mastitis by activating the calcium-ROS-AMPK-mTOR-autophagy pathway

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 236-252页

作者： Zhaoqi He Caijun Zhao yuhong He Zhuoyu Liu Guyue Fan Kun Zhu Yiqi Wang Naisheng zhang Yunhe Fu Xiaoyu Hu Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine College of Veterinary MedicineJilin UniversityChangchun 130062Jilin ProvinceChina

Background Mastitis is an inflammatory disease of the mammary gland that has serious economic impacts on the dairy industry and endangers food safety.Our previous study found that the body has a gut/rumen-mammary gland axis and that disturbance of the gut/rumen microbiota could result in‘gastroenterogenic mastitis'.However,the mechanism has not been fully clarified.Recently,we found that long-term feeding of a high-concentrate diet induced mastitis in dairy cows,and the abundance of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia(S.maltophilia)was significantly increased in both the rumen and milk microbiota.Accordingly,we hypothesized that‘gastroenterogenic mastitis'can be induced by the migration of endogenous gut bacteria to the mammary gland.Therefore,this study investigated the mechanism by which enterogenic S.maltophilia induces mastitis.Results First,S.maltophilia was labelled with superfolder GFP and administered to mice via gavage.The results showed that treatment with S.maltophilia promoted the occurrence of mastitis and increased the permeability of the blood-milk barrier,leading to intestinal inflammation and intestinal leakage.Furthermore,tracking of ingested S.maltophilia revealed that S.maltophilia could migrate from the gut to the mammary gland and induce mastitis.Subsequently,mammary gland transcriptome analysis showed that the calcium and AMPK signalling pathways were significantly upregulated in mice treated with S.maltophilia.Then,using mouse mammary epithelial cells(MMECs),we verified that S.maltophilia induces mastitis through activation of the calcium-ROS-AMPK-mTOR-autophagy pathway.Conclusions In conclusion,the results showed that enterogenic S.maltophilia could migrate from the gut to the mammary gland via the gut-mammary axis and activate the calcium-ROS-AMPK-mTOR-autophagy pathway to induce mastitis.Targeting the gut-mammary gland axis may also be an effective method to treat mastitis.

关键词： Calcium-ROS-AMPK-mTOR-autophagy pathway Gut-mammary axis Mastitis S.maltophilia