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计算概念谱系:算势、算力、算术、算法、算礼

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中国科学院院刊 2022年第10期37卷 1500-1510页

作者：刘宇航张菲中国科学院计算技术研究所北京100190

在新的时代条件下,我国在计算技术领域需要理性、坚定、辩证、实用的文化自信。文章在文献考证的基础上,将计算概念的不同方面与中国传统思想文化之间建立了对应关系,提出了计算概念谱系——算势、算力、算术、算法、算礼,加深了对计算... 详细信息

在新的时代条件下,我国在计算技术领域需要理性、坚定、辩证、实用的文化自信。文章在文献考证的基础上,将计算概念的不同方面与中国传统思想文化之间建立了对应关系,提出了计算概念谱系——算势、算力、算术、算法、算礼,加深了对计算概念的多维度立体化理解,同时对培育面向世界的具有中国特色的计算文化给出了建议。

关键词：算势算力算术算法算礼

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HSC-YOLOv7:An Enhanced YOLOv7 for Small Object Detection

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HSC-YOLOv7:An Enhanced YOLOv7 for Small Object Detection

First complete genomic sequence analysis of canine distemper virus in wild boar

第43届中国控制会议

作者： yuhang liu Huibo Zhou Hongliang liu Ming Zhao School of Mathematical Sciences Harbin Normal University

Detection of small-scale objects is an emerging research area with substantial potential for growth and significant practical relevance in the domain of object *** issue of false detections in small object detection persists as a complex research *** tackle the accuracy issues inherent in small object detection,an enhanced YOLOv7 object detection model is *** proposed improvements include:Firstly,the model incorporates a specialized section for detecting small targets to augment the network's capability in identifying small ***,it introduces an enhanced SPD-CBAM(SC) network backbone,which integrates SPD-Conv and CBAM attention mechanisms into the original *** integration aims to boost the recognition ability of effective features for small targets while mitigating the impact of ***,it utilizes SIoU to replace the loss function in the conventional model for optimization,thereby enhancing the network's *** comparisons were conducted on the publicly available VisDrone-2019 dataset,revealing that the enhanced network model exhibited improvements over the original network in both mAP@[.5:.95] and mAP@.5 for the selected dataset *** enhanced model demonstrated superior performance,making it more suitable for the complex small object detection scenarios proposed in the present study.

关键词： YOLOv7 Drone Images Small Object Detection

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第4期39卷 702-704页

作者： Tong Wang Haiying Du Na Feng yuhang liu Yu Xu Heting Sun Peng Peng Siyuan Qin Xiaotian Zhang Yan liu Mingyuan Yu Hongrui Liang Biao He Guoqiang Zhu Changchun Tu Zhongzhong Tu Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Changchun Veterinary Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangchun 130122China Biological Disaster Control and Prevention Center National Forestry and Grassland AdministrationShenyang 110034China

Dear Editor,Canine distemper virus(CDV)is the causal agent of a highly contagious viral infectious disease that affects domestic and wild carnivores *** is an enveloped,non-segmented negative sense RNA virus that belongs to the Morbillivirus genus in Paramyxoviridae family,which contains viruses of epidemiological relevance to humans and *** on the variability of the hemagglutinin gene(H),CDV strains have been at least 21 major genetic lineages:America-1 to America-5,Canada-1 and-2,Asia-1 to Asia-6,Europe wild-life,Arctic,Africa-1/South Africa,Africa-2,South America-1 to South America-3 and Rockborn-like(Giacinti et al.,2022).Mutations in the binding sites of the H protein,which interact with viral entry receptors such as signaling lymphocytic activation molecule(SLAM)and nectin-4,are associated with the emergence of the disease in new host species(Beineke et al.,2015).

关键词： distemper Canada globally

构建与方法学对称的问题学——以计算机学科为例

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中国科学院院刊 2024年第7期39卷 1264-1275页

作者：刘宇航张云泉中国科学院计算技术研究所北京100190

建制化科学研究在鼓励自由探索的同时,强调研究活动的组织性、协同性。因此,如何克服科学研究过程中的分散重复,是一个亟待解决的问题。文章以计算机学科为例,为了将问题导向落到实处,提出构建与方法学对称的问题学。科学技术成果的重... 详细信息

建制化科学研究在鼓励自由探索的同时,强调研究活动的组织性、协同性。因此,如何克服科学研究过程中的分散重复,是一个亟待解决的问题。文章以计算机学科为例,为了将问题导向落到实处,提出构建与方法学对称的问题学。科学技术成果的重要表现形式是方法学,与之对称,科学研究共同体需要问题学。问题谱系是问题学的核心组成部分,代表着科学研究共同体对问题的认识水平。以问题为媒介,贯通、衔接、集聚产学研用各环节,提高建制化科学研究的质量和效率。

关键词：科学技术问题问题导向系统工程问题谱系问题学

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A method for custom measurement of fish dimensions using the improved YOLOv5-keypoint framework with multi-attention mechanisms

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Water Biology and Security 2024年第4期3卷 130-142页

作者： Danying Cao Cheng Guo Mijuan Shi yuhang liu Yutong Fang Hong Yang Yingyin Cheng Wanting Zhang Yaping Wang Yongming Li Xiao-Qin Xia Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture(CAS) Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryKey Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease ControlMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsThe Innovation Academy of Seed DesignInstitute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430072China College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Fisheries and Life Science Dalian Ocean UniversityDalian116023China

Dimensional data directly reflects the growth rate of individual fish,an important economic trait of interest to fish *** obtaining large-scale fish dimension data would be valuable for both selective breeding and *** address this,our study proposes a custom dimension measurement method for fish using the YOLOv5-keypoint framework with multi-attention *** optimized the YOLOv5 framework,incorporated the SimAM attention mechanism to achieve more accurate and faster fish detection,and added customizable landmarks to the network structure,enabling flexible configuration of the number and location of feature points in the training *** method is applicable to various aquacultural species and other *** tested the effectiveness of the method using the economically important grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella).The proposed method outperforms pure YOLOv5,Faster R-CNN,and SSD in terms of precision and recall rates,achieving an impressive average precision of ***,field trials confirmed the method's exceptional measurement accuracy,exceeding 97%compatibility with manual measurements,while demonstrating a realtime speed of 38 frames per second on the NVIDIA RTX *** enables efficient and accurate large-scale surface dimension measurements of economic *** facilitate massive measurements in agricultural research,we have implemented this method as an online platform,called Mode-recognition Ruler(MrRuler,http://bioinf ***/mrruler).The platform identifies objects in a single image at an average speed of 0.486±0.005 s,based on a dataset of 10,000 *** includes two preset carp models and allows users to upload training datasets for custom models of their targets of interest.

关键词： Computer vision Planar dimensions measurement Attention mechanisms Aquaculture

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基于多尺度融合和对抗训练的图像去雾算法

激光与光电子学进展 2020年第6期57卷 171-180页

作者：刘宇航吴帅天津大学电气自动化与信息工程学院天津300072

针对传统去雾算法结果中颜色和对比度失真等问题,提出了一种基于多尺度融合和对抗训练的图像去雾算法。采用多尺度特征提取模块从多个不同尺度中提取雾霾相关特征,利用残差密集连接模块实现图像特征的交互,避免了梯度消失。由于其不基... 详细信息

针对传统去雾算法结果中颜色和对比度失真等问题,提出了一种基于多尺度融合和对抗训练的图像去雾算法。采用多尺度特征提取模块从多个不同尺度中提取雾霾相关特征,利用残差密集连接模块实现图像特征的交互,避免了梯度消失。由于其不基于大气散射模型,直接将图像的浅层特征和深层特征进行多尺度融合,所以克服了物理模型的不精确性。去雾网络的训练采用生成对抗机制,由多尺度特征提取模块和残差密集连接模块构成的生成器估计清晰的无雾图像,由两个不同尺度感受野的子网络构成的鉴别器完成对抗训练。在RESIDE(Realistic single image dehazing)数据集上进行对比实验,结果表明本算法生成的去雾图像在全参考和无参考的视觉质量指标方面优于其他对比算法。

关键词：图像处理图像去雾对抗训练多尺度融合密集连接

Single Cyanide-Bridged Mo（W）/S/Cu Cluster-Based Coordination Polymers:Reactant-and Stoichiometry-Dependent Syntheses

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Single Cyanide-Bridged Mo（W）/S/Cu Cluster-Based Coordinati...

拉莫三嗪与邻苯二甲酰亚胺共晶的太赫兹光谱研究

中国化学会第九届全国无机化学学术会议

作者： Jinfang Zhang yuhang liu Gang Yang Linpei Gong China-Australia Joint Research Center for Functional Molecular Materials School of Chemical and Material EngineeringJiangnan University

Heterothiometallic Mo（W）/S/Cu cluster-based coordination polymers（CPs）have attracted increasing interest in recent years for their fascinating architectures1 and potential applications.2-3 In this article,the systematic study on the reaction variables affecting the Mo（W）/S/Cu cluster-based CPs is firstly *** anionic single cyanide-bridged Mo（W）/S/Cu cluster-based CPs 1-5 were prepared by varying the molar ratios of the starting materials,and the specific cations,cluster building blocks and central metal atoms in the cluster building blocks.1 possesses an anionic 3D diamondoid framework constructed from 4-connected T-shaped clusters[WS4Cu3]+and single CN-bridges.2 is fabricated from 6-connected planar‘open’clusters[WS4Cu4]2+and single CN-bridges,forming an anionic 3D architecture with an"ACS"topology.3 and 4 exhibit novel anionic 2-D double-layer networks,both constructed from nest-shaped clusters[WOS3Cu3]+linked by single CN-bridges,but containing the different cations[Pr4N]+and[Bu4N]+,respectively.5 is constructed from nest-shaped clusters[Mo OS3Cu3]+and single CN-bridges,with an anionic 3D diamondoid *** anionic frameworks of 1-5,all sustained by single CN-bridges,are non-interpenetrating and exhibit huge free *** differing molar ratios of the reactants and varying the cluster building blocks resulted in differing single cyanide-bridged Mo（W）/S/Cu cluster-based CPs,while replacing the cation（[Pr4N]+vs.[Bu4N]+）was found to have negligible impact on the nature of the ***,replacement of the central metal atom（W ***）in the cluster building blocks had a pronounced effect on the framework.

关键词： Coordination polymers Mo(W)/S/Cu cluster Reaction variables

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高等学校化学学报 2024年第10期45卷 34-40页

作者：郑转平王博刘榆杭黄京刘笑西安邮电大学电子工程学院西安710121

利用太赫兹时域光谱技术(THz-TDS)研究了拉莫三嗪与邻苯二甲酰亚胺共晶的太赫兹光谱.测试了拉莫三嗪、邻苯二甲酰亚胺、二者物理混合物及其共晶在0.5~5.0 THz的实验谱.结果显示,拉莫三嗪与邻苯二甲酰亚胺共晶在2.18和2.49 THz处出现了... 详细信息

利用太赫兹时域光谱技术(THz-TDS)研究了拉莫三嗪与邻苯二甲酰亚胺共晶的太赫兹光谱.测试了拉莫三嗪、邻苯二甲酰亚胺、二者物理混合物及其共晶在0.5~5.0 THz的实验谱.结果显示,拉莫三嗪与邻苯二甲酰亚胺共晶在2.18和2.49 THz处出现了新的吸收峰,表明THz-TDS可有效鉴别拉莫三嗪、邻苯二甲酰亚胺及其共晶体.基于密度泛函理论对构建的共晶体理论晶型和晶胞结构进行结构优化与频谱模拟,模拟结果能较好地对实验谱进行重构.通过共晶THz吸收峰来源的讨论与分析,发现拉莫三嗪共晶体的分子间作用力主要源于π-π堆积力,且氢键有少量贡献.

关键词：拉莫三嗪共晶太赫兹波吸收谱

面向不确定性:新发展阶段中国社会治理的困境及其应对

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地理科学 2022年第3期42卷 390-400页

作者：文军刘雨航华东师范大学中国现代城市研究中心暨社会发展学院上海200241 上海市“中国特色的转型社会学研究”社会科学创新研究基地上海200241

中国正处于全面建设社会主义现代化国家、向第二个百年奋斗目标进军的新发展阶段,所面临的直接风险逐渐向潜在的不确定性转变。研究发现,发展环境、发展主体和发展方式等方面的不确定性因素同时增长,共同推动着不确定性成为新发展阶段... 详细信息

中国正处于全面建设社会主义现代化国家、向第二个百年奋斗目标进军的新发展阶段,所面临的直接风险逐渐向潜在的不确定性转变。研究发现,发展环境、发展主体和发展方式等方面的不确定性因素同时增长,共同推动着不确定性成为新发展阶段中国社会的整体性特征。这对当前的中国社会治理实践产生冲击,使其遭遇价值、行动、方法和结果等层面的多重困境。对此,需要在树立不确定性思维的基础上,从主体赋能、机制创新、制度创设等维度入手,推动“韧性治理”方式的建构,以此走出新发展阶段中国社会治理的困境,提升治理效能。

关键词：新发展阶段不确定性治理困境韧性治理

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