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基于层间特征蒸馏网络的作物叶片病害检测

中国农机化学报 2024年第9期45卷 271-277页

作者：冯玉涵孙剑张志芳信阳农林学院信息工程学院河南信阳464000 信阳师范大学计算机与信息技术学院河南信阳464000 天水师范学院电子信息与电气工程学院甘肃天水741000

针对现有农作物叶片病害检测方法对有限标注样本利用不充分,导致模型识别精度不高、泛化性不强的问题,提出一种基于层间特征蒸馏网络的作物叶片病害检测方法。该方法采用支持分支和查询分支相互监督的元学习网络结构,首先,利用一组共享... 详细信息

针对现有农作物叶片病害检测方法对有限标注样本利用不充分,导致模型识别精度不高、泛化性不强的问题,提出一种基于层间特征蒸馏网络的作物叶片病害检测方法。该方法采用支持分支和查询分支相互监督的元学习网络结构,首先,利用一组共享权重的特征提取网络将双分支网络的输入图片映射到深度特征空间,并采用多层下采样操作构造多尺度特征集;然后,在每层特征中计算自注意力机制,在层间计算交叉注意力机制,旨在强化不同尺度内和尺度间特征表达的鲁棒性和可靠性;最后,在跨尺度特征中引入知识蒸馏网络,旨在利用高层特征丰富浅层特征的语义信息,间接地增强不同尺度内和尺度间特征表达的鲁棒性。在马铃薯、苹果、番茄和玉米病害数据集上进行测试,所提方法分别获得0.9531、0.9668、0.9552和0.9542的识别精准率。

关键词：病害叶片检测知识蒸馏交叉注意力自注意力知识反馈

粉防己细胞色素P450基因StCYP80G的克隆与生物信息学分析

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中草药 2024年第13期55卷 4508-4515页

作者：高雨李姚婷冯郁涵康云黄建明翁伟宇华东理工大学药学院上海市新药设计重点实验室上海200237 复旦大学药学院上海201203

目的克隆粉防己Stephania tetrandra苄基异喹啉类生物碱生物合成途径中的细胞色素P450基因StCYP80G,进行生物信息学分析、表达载体构建和组织特异性表达分析。方法设计特异性引物,从粉防己cDNA中克隆得到StCYP80G编码蛋白的基因序列;利... 详细信息

目的克隆粉防己Stephania tetrandra苄基异喹啉类生物碱生物合成途径中的细胞色素P450基因StCYP80G,进行生物信息学分析、表达载体构建和组织特异性表达分析。方法设计特异性引物,从粉防己cDNA中克隆得到StCYP80G编码蛋白的基因序列;利用生物信息学在线工具预测StCYP80G蛋白的结构域、理化性质和跨膜区等分子特征;利用MEGA11.0对氨基酸进行多序列比对和系统进化关系分析;通过同源重组法构建含有StCYP80G基因的重组质粒;采用实时荧光定量PCR技术分析该基因在粉防己不同组织中的相对表达量。结果StCYP80G基因开放阅读框长度为1458 bp,编码485个氨基酸,蛋白质相对分子质量为54770,预测其具有CYP450的保守结构域,含有跨膜结构域,可能定位在内质网上。氨基酸序列比对与系统进化树分析显示,StCYP80G与莲NnCYP80G、智利桂Ls CYP80G的序列具有同源性且一致度较高,推测StCYP80G与这2条序列具有相似的功能。StCYP80G基因在粉防己叶中表达量显著高于根中。质粒序列分析结果表明,重组质粒pESC-Leu-StCYP80G构建成功。结论StCYP80G基因的克隆、生物信息学分析、重组质粒的构建、以及组织表达特异性的研究结果,为进一步探究其在苄基异喹啉类生物碱生物合成途径中的功能奠定了基础。

关键词：粉防己细胞色素P450 基因克隆生物信息学分析基因表达荧光定量PCR

Two-dimensional materials for future information technology: status and prospects

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 1-147页

作者： Hao QIU Zhihao YU Tiange ZHAO Qi ZHANG Mingsheng XU Peifeng LI Taotao LI Wenzhong BAO Yang CHAI Shula CHEN Yiqi CHEN Hui-Ming CHENG Daoxin DAI Zengfeng DI Zhuo DONG Xidong DUAN yuhan feng Yu FU Jingshu GUO Pengwen GUO Yue HAO Jun HE Xiao HE Jingyi HU Weida HU Zehua HU Xinyue HUANG Ziyang HUANG Ali IMRAN Ziqiang KONG Jia LI Qian LI Weisheng LI Lei LIAO Bilu LIU Can LIU Chunsen LIU Guanyu LIU Kaihui LIU Liwei LIU Sheng LIU Yuan LIU Donglin LU Likuan MA feng MIAO Zhenhua NI Jing NING Anlian PAN Tian-Ling REN Haowen SHU Litao SUN Yue SUN Quanyang TAO Zi-Ao TIAN Dong WANG Hao WANG Haomin WANG Jialong WANG Junyong WANG Wenhui WANG Xingjun WANG Yeliang WANG Yuwei WANG Zhenyu WANG Yao WE... School of Electronic Science and Engineering Nanjing University School of Integrated Circuits Interdisciplinary Research Center for Future Intelligent Chips (Chip-X)Nanjing University School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Physics and Key Lab of Quantum Materials and Devices of the Ministry of Education School of Electronic Science & EngineeringSoutheast University College of Integrated Circuits State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor MaterialsZhejiang University Suzhou Laboratory State Key Laboratory of Integrated Chips and Systems School of MicroelectronicsFudan University Shaoxin Laboratory Department of Applied Physics The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province College of Materials Science and EngineeringHunan University College of Integrated Circuits Zhejiang University Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Layered Materials for Value-Added ApplicationsTsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Institute of Materials ResearchTsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua University State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation College of Optical Science and EngineeringInternational Research Center for Advanced PhotonicsZijingang CampusZhejiang University National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices & Key Laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications i-LabSuzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO)Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University Key Laboratory of Quantum State Construction and Manipulation (Ministry of Education) Department of PhysicsRenmin University of China School

Over the past 70 years, the semiconductor industry has undergone transformative changes,largely driven by the miniaturization of devices and the integration of innovative structures and materials. Two-dimensional(2D) materials like transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs) and graphene are pivotal in overcoming the limitations of silicon-based technologies, offering innovative approaches in transistor design and functionality, enabling atomic-thin channel transistors and monolithic 3D integration. We review the important progress in the application of 2D materials in future information technology, focusing in particular on microelectronics and optoelectronics. We comprehensively summarize the key advancements across material production, characterization metrology, electronic devices, optoelectronic devices, and heterogeneous integration on silicon. A strategic roadmap and key challenges for the transition of 2D materials from basic research to industrial development are outlined. To facilitate such a transition, key technologies and tools dedicated to 2D materials must be developed to meet industrial standards, and the employment of AI in material growth, characterizations, and circuit design will be essential. It is time for academia to actively engage with industry to drive the next 10 years of 2D material research.

关键词： two-dimensional (2D) materials information technology production technology standardization of characterization microelectronicdevices optoelectronic devices multi-functional integration

Inhalable nanoparticles with enhanced cuproptosis and cGAS-STING activation for synergistic lung metastasis immunotherapy

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第8期14卷 3697-3710页

作者： Chongzheng Yan Huaiyou Lv Yafei feng yuhan Li Zhongxi Zhao Department of Pharmaceutics Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Ministry of EducationSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesCheelloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan 250012China Key University Laboratory of Pharmaceutics&Drug Delivery Systems of Shandong Province School of Pharmaceutical SciencesCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan 250012China Department of Pharmacy Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao UniversityYantai 264001China

Due to the insufficient Cu^(+)accumulation,Cu^(+)efflux mechanism,and highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment(TME)in lung metastasis,the cuproptosis efficacy is ***,an inhalable nanodevice(CLDCu)is constructed to successfully overcome the drawbacks of *** consists of a Cu^(2+)-chitosan shell and low molecular weight heparin-tocopherol succinate(LMWH-TOS,LT)core with disulfiram(DSF)*** prepared CLDCu can be inhaled and accumulate in large amounts in lung lesions(63.6%)with 56.5 times higher than intravenous *** tumor cells,the mild acidity triggers the co-release of DSF and Cu2+,thus generating bis(diethyldithiocarbamate)-copper(CuET)to block Cu^(+)efflux protein ATP7B and forming toxic Cu^(+),leading to enhanced ***,the released chitosan cooperates with CLDCu-induced cuproptosis to activate stimulator of interferon genes(STING)pathway,which significantly potentiates dendritic cells(DCs)maturation,as wells as evokes innate and adaptive *** lung metastatic mice model,CLDCu is found to induce cuproptosis and reverse the immunosuppressive TME by inhalation ***,CLDCu combined with anti-programmed cell death protein ligand-1 antibody(aPD-L1)provokes stronger antitumor ***,nanomedicine that combines cuproptosis with STING activation is a novel strategy for tumor immunotherapy.

关键词： Cuproptosis cGAS-STING activation Disulfiram Inhalation administration Tumor microenvironment PD-L1 checkpoint blockade Lung metastasis Immunotherapy

A breathable, designable and flexible leather–heater used in wearable thermotherapy

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 2125-2132页

作者： ZHU JingYu LIU YaDong XIE RuiJie ZHAO yuhan WANG feng LIU YunQing ZHA BaoLi WU JianSheng HUO fengWei Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics(KLOFE) School of Flexible Electronics(Future Technologies)Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM)Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China The Institute of Flexible Electronics(IFE Future Technologies)Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Tan Kah Kee Innovation Laboratory Xiamen 361102China

Flexible heaters with personal thermal management capabilities have great potential in thermal therapy applications due to their excellent flexibility, low power consumption, and portability. However, manufacturing wearable heating devices that are breathable, wear resistant and conformal for long-term use is still challenging. To address these issues, we designed a leather heater using breathable, biocompatible, and tailorable leather as the substrate through a simple in-situ polymerization polypyrrole strategy. This heater exhibits excellent heating and mechanical properties(reaching 64℃ at a voltage of 5 V with efficient Joule heat generation of 2286 W/m^(2)and uniform temperature distribution, and functioning properly after 1000 cycles of bendability tests). In addition, this heater displays better wear resistance and water vapor permeability rate(38.04 g/(m^(2)h)). The cuttable and sewable of leather gives the strategy ability to be flexibly designed to mold the heater to the specific requirements of different body parts, providing a new approach to wearable thermal therapy.

关键词： flexible electronics leather thermotherapy

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Inhalable metal–organic framework-mediated cuproptosis combined with PD-L1 checkpoint blockade for lung metastasis synergistic immunotherapy

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第5期14卷 2281-2297页

作者： Chongzheng Yan Ying Liu Guozhi Zhao Huatian Yang Huaiyou Lv Genju Li yuhan Li Yaqing Fu fengqin Sun Yafei feng Yizhe Li Zhongxi Zhao Department of Pharmaceutics Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Ministry of EducationSchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesCheelloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan 250012China Key University Laboratory of Pharmaceutics&Drug Delivery Systems of Shandong Province School of Pharmaceutical SciencesCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan 250012China

Cuproptosis shows enormous application prospects in lung metastasis ***,the glycolysis,Cu^(+)efflux mechanisms,and insufficient lung drug accumulation severely restrict cuproptosis ***,an inhalable poly(2-(N-oxide-N,N-diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate)(OPDEA)-coated copper-based metal–organic framework encapsulating pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 siRNA(siPDK)is constructed for mediating cuproptosis and subsequently promoting lung metastasis immunotherapy,namely *** inhalation,OMP shows highly efficient lung accumulation and long-term retention,ascribing to the OPDEA-mediated pulmonary mucosa *** tumor cells,OMP is degraded to release Cu2+under acidic condition,which will be reduced to toxic Cu^(+)to induce cuproptosis under glutathione(GSH)***,siPDK released from OMP inhibits intracellular glycolysis and adenosine-5ʹ-triphosphate(ATP)production,then blocking the Cu^(+)efflux protein ATP7B,thereby rendering tumor cells more sensitive to OMP-mediated ***,OMP-mediated cuproptosis triggers immunogenic cell death(ICD)to promote dendritic cells(DCs)maturation and CD8^(+)T cells ***,OMP-induced cuproptosis up-regulates membrane-associated programmed cell death-ligand 1(PD-L1)expression and induces soluble PD-L1 secretion,and thus synergizes with anti-PD-L1 antibodies(aPD-L1)to reprogram immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment,finally yielding improved immunotherapy ***,OMP may serve as an efficient inhalable nanoplatform and afford preferable efficacy against lung metastasis through inducing cuproptosis and combining with aPD-L1.

关键词： Cuproptosis Immunogenic cell death PD-L1 checkpoint blockade Copper-based metal-organic framework Immunotherapy Tumor microenvironment Transmucosal deliveryLung metastasis

新媒体语言社群是如何建构的:以微博BYM社群的语言实践为例

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语言战略研究 2023年第1期8卷 26-38页

作者：宋旸冯雨菡复旦大学外文学院上海200433 复旦大学新闻学院上海200433

随着社交媒体的不断普及,网民常常综合运用不同语种和语言变体、表情包、动图和模因等表意资源,参与不同类型的网络社群建构。本研究以网络民族志为调研方法,追踪BYM网络播客发起人微博主页的发帖和评论区互动,结合社交媒体网络社群的... 详细信息

随着社交媒体的不断普及,网民常常综合运用不同语种和语言变体、表情包、动图和模因等表意资源,参与不同类型的网络社群建构。本研究以网络民族志为调研方法,追踪BYM网络播客发起人微博主页的发帖和评论区互动,结合社交媒体网络社群的社会语言学理论,分析BYM微博语言社群的建构过程、策略和特征。BYM播客博主和粉丝共同参与多语语言意识形态的协商与确认,开展跨领域的语言管理,并通过社群成员命名的超语嬉戏、超语个人蜕变叙事、非正式超语知识学习和超语生活方式分享等中英双语交织的语言策略,建构BYM微博语言社群。该案例中的新媒体语言社群具有动态、浮现和超文化的特性,综合体现了亲和空间、轻共同体、超惯用语群组和元语言社群等新媒体网络社群的特征。微博BYM社群不仅为播客博主成功吸引了具有特定个人特征的小众粉丝群体,也为社群成员提供了知识与爱好共享、语符资源创新与嬉戏、情感支持等多重功能。

关键词：微博语言社群元语用行为语言管理超语实践

Unraveling links between aging,circadian rhythm and cancer:Insights from evidence-based analysis

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2024年第3期36卷 341-350页

作者： Dechao feng yuhan Xiao Jie Wang Ruicheng Wu Zhouting Tuo Koo Han Yoo Wuran Wei Dilinaer Wusiman Zhipeng Wang Dengxiong Li Yubo Yang William C.Cho Mang Ke Department of Urology Institute of UrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Division of Surgery&Interventional Science University College LondonLondon W1W 7TSUK Department of Urology Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical UniversityTaizhou 317000China Department of Urology the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230601China Department of Urology Kyung Hee UniversitySeoul 130-701South Korea Department of Comparative Pathobiology College of Veterinary MedicinePurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN47907USA Purdue Institute for Cancer Research Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA Department of Urology Sichuan Provincial People’s HospitalUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610072China Department of Urology Three Gorges HospitalChongqing UniversityChongqing 404000China Department of Clinical Oncology Queen Elizabeth HospitalHong Kong SARChina

Aging and circadian rhythms have been connected for decades,but their molecular interaction has remained unknown,especially for *** this situation,we summarized the current research actuality and problems in this field using the bibliometric *** in the PubMed and Web of Science databases were ***,there is a rising trend in the publication volume regarding aging and circadian rhythms in the field of *** from USA,Germany,Italy,China and England have greater studies than *** three publication institutions are University of California System,UDICE-French Research Universities and University of Texas *** research hotspots include oxidative stress,breast cancer,melatonin,cell cycle,calorie restriction,prostate cancer and NF-κ*** conclusion,results generated by bibliometric analysis indicate that many approaches involve in the complex interactions between aging and circadian rhythm in *** established and emerging research directions guide our exploration of the regulatory mechanisms of aging and circadian rhythms in cancer and provide a reference for developing new research avenues.

关键词： Aging circadian rhythm human cancer bibliometric analysis oxidative stress

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远程医疗对我国公立医院运营的影响

北京大学学报（医学版） 2024年第3期56卷 471-478页

作者：冉珂欣李与涵冯文北京大学公共卫生学院卫生政策与管理学系北京100191

目的:分析远程医疗功能对公立医院运营的影响,特别关注其对不同专业技术等级医院的异质性作用,以深入理解远程医疗在弥补医疗资源配置不均衡方面的现实意义。方法:利用《2022卫生健康信息化统计调查数据报告》调查数据,对8944家公立医... 详细信息

目的:分析远程医疗功能对公立医院运营的影响,特别关注其对不同专业技术等级医院的异质性作用,以深入理解远程医疗在弥补医疗资源配置不均衡方面的现实意义。方法:利用《2022卫生健康信息化统计调查数据报告》调查数据,对8944家公立医院进行横断面研究,使用多元线性模型、倾向性评分匹配(propensity score matching,PSM)、分组回归等方法,评估远程医疗对医院收入、诊疗人次、住院人次的影响。结果:有35.51%的公立医院开通了远程医疗,医院等级、医院类别、所在区域、隶属关系、床位数都对医院运营状况有显著影响。开通远程医疗对公立医院收入、诊疗人次和出院人次均有显著提升作用。PSM结果显示,其对医院收入、诊疗人次、出院人次的净效应分别为0.191(P<0.01)、0.216(P<0.01)、0.353(P<0.01)。异质性检验显示,远程医疗对二级医院的收入和诊疗人次具有显著正向影响,系数分别为0.088(P<0.05)和0.127(P<0.01);对一级及以下医院的出院人次影响更大,系数为1.203(P<0.01);但对三级医院整体收入和业务能力并无显著影响。结论:远程医疗的开通对公立医院的收入和业务能力增加均有显著促进作用,但在不同等级的医院之间存在差异性,对基层医疗机构的影响更为显著,对改善基层公立医院的运营状况起到积极作用。

关键词：远程医疗公立医院医院收入会诊

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