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Application of SPE-GC/MS in resolution of metabolism pattern of higher alcohols in rat plasma

Food Science and Human Wellness 2023年

作者： Yufei Liu Xiaonian Cao Zhilei Zhou Qingxi Ren Zhongwei Ji Min Gong yuezheng xu Weibiao Zhou Shuguang Chen Jian Mao Department of Food Science and Technology National University of Singapore Luzhou Laojiao Co. Ltd. Department of General Surgery Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC) Shaoxing Key Laboratory of Traditional Fermentation Food and Human Health Jiangnan University (Shaoxing) Industrial Technology Research Institute Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Jiangnan University National Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University National Engineering Research Center for Huangjiu Zhejiang Guyuelongshan Shaoxing Wine Co. Ltd Zhejiang Shaoxing Huangjiu Industry Innovation Service Complex

Higher alcohols are key factors affecting sensory quality and post-drinking comfort of alcoholic beverages. A strategy combining solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPE-GC/MS) was established to analyze the metabolism pattern of higher alcohols in rat plasma after gavage of four common alcoholic beverages including huangjiu， baijiu， wine and brandy. Seven milliliter of dichloromethane was determined as the optimal extraction condition， and eight higher alcohols were precisely quantified with detection limits of 1.82-11.65 μg/L， recoveries of 89.07%-110.89% and fine repeatability. The fastest absorption and elimination rates of plasma total higher alcohols were observed in baijiu and huangjiu group， respectively， and the highest peak concentration was found in brandy group. Additionally， the metabolic rate of plasma isoamyl alcohol in huangjiu group was faster than that in wine group at the same intragastric administration dosage. This study may provide potential insight for evaluation of alcoholic beverage quality.

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Riverine sulfate sources and behaviors in arid environment,Northwest China:Constraints from sulfur and oxygen isotopes

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 716-731页

作者： Yifu xu Wenjing Liu Bing xu Zhifang xu Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Innovation Academy for Earth Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The fate of riverine sulfate ion (SO_(4)^(2-)) and its environmental effects in arid environment are difficult to evaluate due to its complicated sources and strongly coupled behaviors with water cycle which is significantly modified by *** understand the sulfur cycle in aquatic systems in arid environment,the chemical and sulfur and oxygen isotopic compositions (δ^(34)S_(SO4)and δ^(18)O_(SO4)) of major rivers around the Badain Jaran Desert,northwestern China,were *** rivers had averaged SO_(4)^(2-)content at 1336μmol/L,over 10times higher than the global *** δ^(34)S_(SO4)and δ^(18)O_(SO4)values ranged from-5.3‰to+11.8‰and+1.6‰to+12.8‰,*** end-member analysis and the inverse model showed that riverine sulfate was mainly derived from evaporites dissolution (0-87%),sulfide oxidation (13%-100%) and precipitation (0-33%),indicating heterogeneity in sulfur sources and behaviors along the river drainage with the lithology variations and climate *** isotopic tools combining with hydro-chemistry compositions could be applied to reveal sulfur cycle in arid *** on the calculation,sulfide oxidation plays the primary role in the headwater and upstream in the Qilian-Mountains area,where sulfide is widely *** the proportion of evaporites dissolution contributing to riverine sulfate is much higher in downstream in a drier ***,less precipitation and higher temperature can lead to more intensive evaporation,affecting the process of sulfide oxidation and enhancing the rates of evaporites dissolution and sulfate precipitation in the basin.

关键词： Sulfur and oxygen isotopes Source apportionment Inverse model Arid environment Inland rivers Northwestern China

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黄酒低聚糖的分离纯化与体外菌群增殖评价

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食品与发酵工业 2022年第18期48卷 34-41页

作者：冯欣静周志磊姬中伟杨懿徐岳正毛健粮食发酵与食品生物制造国家工程研究中心江苏无锡214122 江南大学食品学院江苏无锡214122 江南大学(绍兴)产业技术研究院浙江绍兴312000 国家黄酒工程技术研究中心浙江绍兴312000

多菌种共酵工艺在低温长时的发酵条件下可赋予黄酒丰富的低聚糖。该研究以半干型黄酒为原料,对黄酒中低聚糖进行分离纯化及结构表征。利用75%乙醇沉淀黄酒中低聚糖,并经Sevage法除蛋白、300 Da与3000 Da膜分离、冷冻干燥等途径获得粗黄... 详细信息

多菌种共酵工艺在低温长时的发酵条件下可赋予黄酒丰富的低聚糖。该研究以半干型黄酒为原料,对黄酒中低聚糖进行分离纯化及结构表征。利用75%乙醇沉淀黄酒中低聚糖,并经Sevage法除蛋白、300 Da与3000 Da膜分离、冷冻干燥等途径获得粗黄酒低聚糖,其提取率达31.80%。粗黄酒低聚糖经琼脂糖凝胶柱DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow与葡聚糖凝胶柱Sephadex G15纯化可获得纯度为84.21%的黄酒低聚糖组分a(Huangjiu oligosaccharide-a,HJO-a)。通过建立小鼠粪便菌群体外发酵模型,探究HJO-a对肠道菌群的益生作用。结果表明,黄酒低聚糖被肠道菌群酵解后可提高发酵液中乙酸、丙酸、丁酸与异丁酸的含量,降低发酵液pH。此外,黄酒低聚糖显著提高了发酵液中肠道双歧杆菌、乳杆菌与拟杆菌的丰度(P<0.05),并显著抑制了发酵液中大肠杆菌的增殖(P<0.05)。上述结果揭示了黄酒低聚糖可发挥潜在的益生元作用。该研究为黄酒低聚糖的提取纯化及功能活性分析提供一定的理论依据。

关键词：黄酒低聚糖膜分离肠道菌群体外增殖

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Aldehyde oxidase mediated enantioselective metabolic health risk of dinotefuran

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第6期67卷 2079-2091页

作者： Liwei xu Xinxin xu Hua Kuang Chuanlai xu Xiaoling Wu State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources Jiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection and School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China Collaborative Innovation center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province Jiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China

Chiral pollutants often pose significant differential environmental health *** this study,the biotransformation of chiral dinotefuran(DIN)and its enantioselective metabolic toxicity mechanisms have been systemically ***,reversedphase chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry was developed to quantify the content of DIN R/S chiral enantiomer with pg level sensitivity,revealing a lower elimination rate constant(K_(e))of S-DIN(0.730 h^(-1))than R-DIN(0.746 h^(-1)).Secondly,the interaction mechanism between DIN metabolism and important endogenous bioactive molecules,such as aldehyde oxidase(AOX)and neurotransmitters,was *** DIN nitro-group was converted into a guanidine group by the reducing site of nearby flavin adenine dinucleotide(FAD)in AOX with the preferred higher affinity of ***,the endogenous tryptophan(Trp)aldehyde metabolic intermediate,5-hydroxyindoleacetaldehyde(5-HIAL),provides a persistent electron donor for DIN reduction via the oxidation-catalyzed site in AOX,resulting in remarkable up-regulation of monoamine neurotransmitters such as serotonin and ***,the higher level of neurotransmitters further mediated dysregulation of oxylipin homeostasis via the serotonergic pathway,where S-DIN exhibited more pronounced liver lipid damage and environmental health risk with the accumulated lipid biomarkers,oxidized triglyceride(OxTG)and oxidized sphingomyelin(OxSM).This study elucidates the AOX-mediated enantioselectivity metabolic pathway of DIN,providing a new analytical method for chiral pollutants and paves the way for their health risk assessments.

关键词： neonicotinoid dinotefuran enantiomer aldehyde oxidase metabolomics health risk

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Laboratory evaluation of high-friction thin overlays for pavement preservation

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第6期18卷 936-948页

作者： Ouming xu Rentao xu Lintong JIN School of Highway Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710064China School of Materials Science and Engineering Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710061China

Traditional asphalt concrete(AC)and stone matrix asphalt(SMA),which are used as thin asphalt overlays,are common maintenance strategies to enhancing ride quality,skid resistance,and ***,several studies have used a novel asphalt mixture known as a high-friction thin overlay(HFTO)to improve surface ***,it remains uncertain whether the laboratory properties of HFTO differ significantly from those of conventional *** study aims to evaluate the laboratory properties of HFTO mixtures and compare them with those of AC and *** mixtures with nominal maximum size of 9.5 mm were produced in the laboratory,and performance tests were conducted,including wheel tracking test,low temperature flexural creep test,moisture susceptibility test,Cantabro Abrasion Test,Marshall Test,sand patch test,British pendulum test,and indoor tire-rollingdown *** results showed that the HFTO exhibited a lower tire/pavement noise than the AC and ***,HFTO had superior high-temperature stability,larger macro texture,and higher skid resistance in comparison to those of AC,but lower than those of ***,HFTO mixtures may be considered a suitable replacement for traditional AC mixtures in regions where skid resistance and noise reduction are concerns.

关键词： road engineering pavement maintenance high friction thin overlay performance skid resistance tire/pavement noise

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黄酒感官质量评价体系研究—以绍兴黄酒为例

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食品与发酵工业 2023年第8期49卷 7-13页

作者：王蒙周志磊姬中伟周建弟许锡飚徐岳正徐秋月毛健粮食发酵与食品生物制造国家工程研究中心(江南大学) 江苏无锡214122 江南大学食品学院江苏无锡214122 江南大学(绍兴)产业技术研究院浙江绍兴312000 江苏省生物活性制品加工工程技术研究中心江苏无锡214122 江苏省食品安全与质量控制协同创新中心江苏无锡214122 浙江古越龙山绍兴酒股份有限公司浙江绍兴312000 绍兴女儿红酿酒有限公司浙江绍兴312352 国家黄酒工程技术研究中心浙江绍兴312000

感官质量是影响消费者对饮料酒喜好性和接受性的重要因素,开发科学有效的感官质量评价方法是行业和研究人员关注的重点之一。目前关于黄酒感官评价方法和体系的研究报道较少,不能满足行业发展的需要。该研究以绍兴黄酒为例,构建了一套... 详细信息

感官质量是影响消费者对饮料酒喜好性和接受性的重要因素,开发科学有效的感官质量评价方法是行业和研究人员关注的重点之一。目前关于黄酒感官评价方法和体系的研究报道较少,不能满足行业发展的需要。该研究以绍兴黄酒为例,构建了一套较为系统的黄酒感官评价方法,主要包括风味轮的构建、风味特征剖析和感官质量评价标准的建立。从嗅觉、味觉、口感和余味四方面绘制了由57个描述词组成的风味轮,利用方差分析对风味轮中的描述词进行筛选,获得了描述绍兴黄酒感官特征的24个核心词汇,通过雷达图分析了不同甜型绍兴黄酒的风味特征,进一步建立了由12个评分指标和4个打分梯度构成的黄酒感官质量评价标准。黄酒国家评委使用该标准对不同品质的黄酒进行了打分,成功地将样品进行了区分,说明该方法可以有效评估绍兴黄酒的感官品质。该感官质量评价体系有助于消费者科学有效地鉴别黄酒产品品质,为黄酒感官质量的分析评价提供了基础和手段。

关键词：感官质量评价绍兴黄酒风味轮特征轮廓评价标准

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饮用温度对饮料酒风味影响的研究进展

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食品与发酵工业 2022年第13期48卷 345-351页

作者：周志磊王炎姬中伟周建弟许锡飚徐岳正毛健江南大学粮食发酵工艺与技术国家工程实验室江苏无锡214122 江南大学食品学院江苏无锡214122 江南大学(绍兴)产业技术研究院浙江绍兴312000 浙江古越龙山绍兴酒股份有限公司浙江绍兴312000 绍兴女儿红酿酒有限公司浙江绍兴312352 国家黄酒工程技术研究中心浙江绍兴312000

饮料酒作为一种嗜好品,风味是衡量其感官品质的重要指标。饮用温度会影响饮料酒的风味和消费者喜好度,且由于风味物质组成以及流变性等物理性质的差异,不同类型饮料酒的风味受到温度影响的程度并不相同,这也使得每种饮料酒拥有其独特的... 详细信息

饮料酒作为一种嗜好品,风味是衡量其感官品质的重要指标。饮用温度会影响饮料酒的风味和消费者喜好度,且由于风味物质组成以及流变性等物理性质的差异,不同类型饮料酒的风味受到温度影响的程度并不相同,这也使得每种饮料酒拥有其独特的最适饮用温度。目前对于饮用温度影响葡萄酒风味的研究已有报道,而对其他类型的饮料酒研究较少。该文阐释了饮用温度影响饮料酒风味的机理,对不同类型饮料酒风味随温度的变化规律进行了论述,并总结了此类研究常用的感官分析和仪器分析的方法及其优缺点,旨在为食品,尤其是饮料酒受温度影响的变化规律及其最适饮用温度的研究提供参考。

关键词：饮用温度饮料酒风味味蕾感官分析

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Skeletal interoception in osteoarthritis

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Bone Research 2024年第2期12卷 241-254页

作者： Dinglong Yang Jiawen xu Ke xu Peng xu Department of Joint Surgery Honghui HospitalXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710054China Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China

The interoception maintains proper physiological conditions and metabolic homeostasis by releasing regulatory signals after perceving changes in the internal state of the *** its various forms,skeletal interoception specifically regulates the metabolic homeostasis of ***(OA)is a complex joint disorder involving cartilage,subchondral bone,and *** subchondral bone undergoes continuous remodeling to adapt to dynamic joint *** findings highlight that skeletal interoception mediated by aberrant mechanical loads contributes to pathological remodeling of the subchondral bone,resulting in subchondral bone sclerosis in *** skeletal interoception is also a potential mechanism for chronic synovial inflammation in *** this review,we offer a general overview of interoception,specifically skeletal interoception,subchondral bone microenviroment and the aberrant subchondral *** also discuss the role of skeletal interoception in abnormal subchondral bone remodeling and synovial inflammation in OA,as well as the potential prospects and challenges in exploring novel OA therapies that target skeletal interoception.

关键词： homeostasis inflammation releasing

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Malware Evasion Attacks Against IoT and Other Devices: An Empirical Study

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第1期29卷 127-142页

作者： Yan xu Deqiang Li Qianmu Li Shouhuai xu School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China School of Computer Science Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China Department of Computer Science University of Colorado Colorado SpringsColorado SpringsCO 80918USA

The Internet of Things(loT)has grown rapidly due to artificial intelligence driven edge *** enabling many new functions,edge computing devices expand the vulnerability surface and have become the target of malware ***,attackers have used advanced techniques to evade defenses by transforming their malware into functionality-preserving *** systematically analyze such evasion attacks and conduct a large-scale empirical study in this paper to evaluate their impact on *** specifically,we focus on two forms of evasion attacks:obfuscation and adversarial *** the best of our knowledge,this paper is the first to investigate and contrast the two families of evasion attacks *** apply 10 obfuscation attacks and 9 adversarial attacks to 2870 malware *** obtained findings are as follows.(1)Commercial Off-The-Shelf(COTS)malware detectors are vulnerable to evasion attacks.(2)Adversarial attacks affect COTS malware detectors slightly more effectively than obfuscated malware examples.(3)Code similarity detection approaches can be affected by obfuscated examples and are barely affected by adversarial attacks.(4)These attacks can preserve the functionality of original malware examples.

关键词： Android malware obfuscation adversarial examples

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Granting strength to aerogel fibers through encapsulation

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Science China Materials 2024年第4期67卷 1365-1366页

作者： Wenhui xu Department of Basic Chemistry School of PharmacyJiangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanchang 330004China

Aerogel fibers, distinguished by their lightweight nature, pronounced porosity, large surface area, and superior thermal insulation properties, have diversified applications in thermal management, energy devices, and environmental remediation[1]. However, compared with monolithic ones, these fibershaped aerogels exhibit limited mechanical strength and resilience due to their one-dimensional small size.

关键词： strength fibers thermal

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