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Thermosphere joint observations by TM-1 constellations and Swarm-B during the April 2023 geomagnetic storm

Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第2期8卷 307-316页

作者： YongPing Li yueqiang sun XianGuo Zhang JiangZhao Ai XiaoLiang Zheng Jia Li YuJie Wang BiBo Guo Feng Yan ShiLong Wei XinChun Tang YuanYuan Cao National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Beijing Key Laboratory of Space Environment Exploration Beijing 100190China Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Space Environment Situational Awareness Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Shenzhen Aerospace Dongfanghong Satellite LtdShenzhen 518057China

The response of thermosphere density to geomagnetic storms is a complicated physical process.Multi-satellite joint observations at the same altitude but different local times(LTs)are important for understanding this process;however,until now such studies have hardly been done.In this report,we analyze in detail the thermosphere mass density response at 510 km during the April 23−24,2023 geomagnetic storm using data derived from the TM-1(TianMu-1)satellite constellation and Swarm-B satellites.The observations show that there were significant LT differences in the hemispheric asymmetry of the thermosphere mass density during the geomagnetic storm.Densities observed by satellite TM02 at nearly 11.3 and 23.3 LTs were larger in the northern hemisphere than in the southern.The TM04 dayside density observations appear to be almost symmetrical with respect to the equator,though southern hemisphere densities on the nightside were higher.Swarm-B data exhibit near-symmetry between the hemispheres.In addition,the mass density ratio results show that TM04 nightside observations,TM02 data,and Swarm-B data all clearly show stronger effects in the southern hemisphere,except for TM04 on the dayside,which suggest hemispheric near-symmetry.The South-North density enhancement differences in TM02 and TM04 on dayside can reach 130%,and Swarm-B data even achieve 180%difference.From the observations of all three satellites,large-scale traveling atmospheric disturbances(TADs)first appear at high latitudes and propagate to low latitudes,thereby disturbing the atmosphere above the equator and even into the opposite hemisphere.NRLMSISE00 model simulations were also performed on this geomagnetic storm.TADs are absent in the NRLMSISE00 simulations.The satellite data suggest that NRLMSISE00 significantly underestimates the magnitude of the density response of the thermosphere during geomagnetic storms,especially at high latitudes in both hemispheres.Therefore,use of the density simulation of NRLMSISE00 may lead to large errors in satellite dra

关键词： TM-1 constellation Swarm-B joint observations geomagnetic storm Local Times

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Ship hull flexure measurement based on integrated GNSS/LINS

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2019年第3期12卷 332-340页

作者： Di WU Yu JIA Li WANG yueqiang sun National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Huazhong Institute of Electro-optics-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Wuhan 430223China

For precision carrier-based landing aid, the position of reference point on the top of island shall be precisely transferred to the landing point on the deck, so the position transfer error caused by the hull flexure is not negligible. As the existing method is not very applicable to measure the hull flexure, a new technique based on integrated Global Navigation Satellite Systems/Laser Gyro Inertial Navigation System (GNSS/LINS) is proposed in this paper. This integrated GNSS/LINS based measure- ment method is designed to monitor the hull flexure and set up an integrated GNSS/LINS measurement model based on raw pseudo-range and pseudo-range rate measurement and carrier phase differential positioning measurement to effectively eliminate the measurement error caused by cycle slip and multi-path effect from GNSS. It is shown by demonstration test and analysis that this technique has the capability to precisely measure the hull flexure, with the accuracy being better than 0.02 m.

关键词： satellite navigation inertial navigation flexure measurement Laser Gyro

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Proton belt variations traced back to Fengyun-1C satellite observations

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2020年第6期4卷 611-618页

作者： ChunQin Wang Zheng Chang XiaoXin Zhang GuoHong Shen ShenYi Zhang yueqiang sun JiaWei Li Tao Jing HuanXin Zhang Ying sun BinQuan Zhang National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Beijing Key Laboratory of Space Environment Exploration Beijing 100190China Environmental Space Situation Awareness-SSA Beijing 100190China National Center for Space Weather China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China

We used historical data to trace trapped protons observed by the Fengyun-1C(FY-1C)satellite at low Earth orbits(~800 km)and chose data at 5–10 MeV,10–40 MeV,40–100 MeV,and^100–300 MeV from 25 March to 18 April 2000 to analyze the proton variations.Only one isolated strong storm was associated with a solar proton event during this period,and there was no influence from previous proton variations.Complex dynamic phenomena of proton trapping and loss were affected by this disturbance differently depending on the energy and L location.The flux of 5–10 MeV protons increased and created new trapping with a maximum at L^2.0,and the peak flux was significantly higher than that at the center of the South Atlantic Anomaly.However,at higher L,the flux showed obvious loss,with retreat of the outer boundary from L^2.7 to L^2.5.The increase in the 10–40 MeV proton flux was similar to that of the 5–10 MeV flux;however,the peak flux intensity was lower than that at the center of the South Atlantic Anomaly.The loss of the 10–40 MeV proton flux was closer to the Earth side,and the outer boundary was reduced from L^2.3 to L^2.25.For the higher energy protons of 40–100 MeV and 100–300 MeV,no new trapping was found.Loss of the 40–100 MeV protons was observed,and the outer boundary shifted from L^2.0 to L^1.9.Loss was not obvious for the 100–400 MeV protons,which were distributed within L<1.8.New proton trapping was more likely to be created at lower energy in the region of solar proton injection by the strong magnetic storm,whereas loss occurred in a wide energy range and reduced the outer boundary on the Earth side.Similar dynamic changes were observed by the NOAA-15 satellite in the same period,but the FY-1C satellite observed more complex changes in lower energy protons.These results revealed that the dynamic behavior of protons with different L-shells was due to differences in the pitch angle.Possible mechanisms related to new trapping and loss are also discussed.These mechanisms are very important for understanding the behavior

关键词： high-energy proton trapping loss disturbance inner radiation belt

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Super solar particle event around AD775 was found

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2014年第22期59卷 2736-2742页

作者： Dazhuang Zhou Chi Wang Binquan Zhang Shenyi Zhang Ping Zhou yueqiang sun Jinbao Liang Guangwu Zhu Ji Wu National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of Sciences

A rapid radiocarbon14C increase of 120/00in AD774–775 has been reported in cedar and oak tree rings.So far,the origin of the14C increase is still uncertain and the possible origin is either supernova or solar particle event.The most possible origin of14C increase is strong solar flares and Coronal Mass Ejections(CMEs)with strong particles emission.Comprehensive approaches to identify the strong historical solar particle events based on the rapid14C/10Be increase in tree/coral rings and ice cores,long duration strong auroras and geomagnetic storms are introduced.Evidence of the super auroras in AD775 was first found in a Chinese Chronicles Jiutangshu and it supports the views that the rapid14C increase and strong auroras around AD775 are most possibly caused by strong solar storms with intense particles emission.It was identified that the solar event around AD775 would be the strongest solar particle event in the past 11400 years.The discovery is significant for the research on the history of solar activities,space weather and forecast,radiation of solar energetic particles and protection.

关键词：太阳耀斑子事件日冕物质抛射太阳高能粒子粒子辐射太阳风暴 14C 放射性碳

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Tianwen-1 MINPA observations in the solar wind

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2022年第1期6卷 1-9页

作者： AiBing Zhang LingGao Kong WenYa Li Lei Li BinBin Tang ZhaoJin Rong Yong Wei JiJie Ma YiTeng Zhang LiangHai Xie YuXian Wang JianSen He Bin Liu WenJing Wang Bin Su JiaWei Li Xu Tan Fang Wang TaiFeng Jin FuHao Qiao Peter Wurz Yan Zhu YunFei Bai YiRen Li XinBo Zhu yueqiang sun YongLiao Zou Chi Wang National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Beijing Key Laboratory of Space Environment Exploration Beijing 100190China Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Space Environment Situational Awareness Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Space Weather Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Institute of Space Physics and Applied Technology Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Lunar Exploration and Space Engineering Center Beijing 100190China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100012China Physics Institute University of BernBern 3012Switzerland University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology Shanghai 201109China

The Mars Ion and Neutral Particle Analyzer(MINPA)is one of the three scientific instruments onboard the Tianwen-1 orbiter to investigate the Martian space environment.During Tianwen-1’s transfer orbit to Mars,the MINPA was switched on to measure the solar wind ions.Here,we present the first results of the MINPA observations in the solar wind.During cruise,nearly half of the MINPA ion field-of-view(FOV)was blocked by the lander capsule;thus only the solar-wind ions with azimuthal speeds pointing towards the unblocked FOV sectors could be detected.We perform a detailed comparison of the MINPA’s solar wind observations with data from Earth-based missions when MINPA reached its count-rate peak,finding a general consistency of the ion moments between them.The blocking effect due to the lander is evaluated quantitatively under varying solar-wind velocity conditions.Despite the blocking effect,the MINPA’s solar wind measurements during the transfer orbit suggest a good performance.

关键词： MINPA Tianwen-1 solar wind capsule blocking effect

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A first comprehensive evaluation of China's GNSS-R airborne campaign: part II—river remote sensing

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Science Bulletin 2015年第24期60卷 1527-1534页

作者： Weihua Bai Junming Xia Wei Wan Limin Zhao yueqiang sun Xiangguang Meng Congliang Liu Hua Chen Qifei Du Dongwei Wang Danyang Zhao Xianyi Wang Cheng Cheng National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering Tsinghua University Department of Hydraulic Engineering Tsinghua University Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth Chinese Academy of Sciences The Center for National Spaceborne Demonstration State Intellectual Property Office of the Peoples’ Republic of China

The Global Navigation Satellite System Reflectometry(GNSS-R) has been proven to be a powerful technique for retrieving geophysical parameters of ocean and land. Airborne GNSS-R is an important experimental platform, because it is not only needed as validation for spaceborne application, but also possesses the advantages to be capable of remote sensing of small and medium scale targets, such as rivers and lakes. This paper presents an overview of China's airborne GNSS-R campaign conducted on May 30, 2014, in Henan. The campaign has two objectives, i.e.:(1) to examine the capability of a GNSS-R payload developed by National Space Science Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences(NSSC, CAS) for airborneobservations and(2) to study the algorithms for soil moisture and river remote sensing, including altimetry and flow velocity measurement. A previous paper has presented results of soil moisture retrieval as part I, and in this paper,initial results of the Yellow River remote sensing are presented as part II. This paper presents the river altimetry results and explores a new potential application of GNSS-R technology, which is used to detect the flow velocity of the river. The river surface height results observed by code delay altimetry method were consistent with the height results of GPS dual-frequency differential positioning altimetry. The GNSS-R altimetry results showed that decimeter level heights were achieved in 1-min sliding average. Comparing with in situ measurements, the GNSSR flow velocity result was reasonable; the error was about0.027 m/s, which indicated the validity and feasibility of using GNSS-R technique to detect river flow velocity.

关键词：中国科学院院士机载遥感综合评价远程全球导航卫星系统技术检测地球物理参数流速测量

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岸基条件下的星载GNSS-R干涉测高精度验证评估

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测绘学报 2024年第2期53卷 239-251页

作者：黄令勇李世忠夏俊明王海岩孙越强杨日新杜起飞黄志勇智慧地球重点实验室北京100094 地理信息工程国家重点实验室陕西西安710054 中国科学院国家空间科学中心北京100190

星载GNSS-R干涉测高技术通过调制GNSS卫星信号的宽带混合码,可以实现高精度宽幅海面测高。为有效验证星载GNSS-R干涉测高性能,本文设计了基于岸基GNSS-R干涉测高结果,开展星载GNSS-R干涉测高精度等效评估的策略。评估结果表明,GNSS-R干... 详细信息

星载GNSS-R干涉测高技术通过调制GNSS卫星信号的宽带混合码,可以实现高精度宽幅海面测高。为有效验证星载GNSS-R干涉测高性能,本文设计了基于岸基GNSS-R干涉测高结果,开展星载GNSS-R干涉测高精度等效评估的策略。评估结果表明,GNSS-R干涉测高与卫星导航系统信号体制及信号信噪比相关,星载GNSS-R干涉测高可实现分米级测高精度。本文的研究成果可为后续星载GNSS-R干涉测高工程实践提供技术参考和数据支持。

关键词： GNSS-R 海面高度干涉测高精度验证岸基试验

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基于ASIC芯片的多探测单元设计与验证

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空间科学学报 2024年第1期44卷 178-184页

作者：张鑫徐婉秋白超平孙越强王文静张帅韩建伟陈睿朱翔李悦中国科学院国家空间科学中心北京100190 中国科学院大学北京100049

以空间辐射环境中的粒子为研究目标,研制了用硅微条传感器作为探头、用集成芯片IDE3160进行信号处理的空间粒子探测系统.该系统采用两片硅微条传感器组成的硅微条探测阵列作为前端探头,并应用数字化的信号处理方法,获取空间粒子入射的... 详细信息

以空间辐射环境中的粒子为研究目标,研制了用硅微条传感器作为探头、用集成芯片IDE3160进行信号处理的空间粒子探测系统.该系统采用两片硅微条传感器组成的硅微条探测阵列作为前端探头,并应用数字化的信号处理方法,获取空间粒子入射的位置及在硅微条内单位长度沉积的能量(线性能量传递,LET).从诱发单粒子效应的物理机制角度,对比重离子和脉冲激光在硅半导体中所产生物理效应的不同.采用1.064μm脉冲激光开展系统测试,获得良好的LET线性结果:该系统数据采集所需时间为2.47 ms,可探测到的LET阈值约为0.1MeV·cm^(2)·mg^(–1),皮尔逊相关系数(PCC)达0.998,表明系统测量结果与理论设计符合性良好.该系统动态范围宽、线性度好,具有较高的集成度、可拓展性及可移植性,可以搭载在各种空间探测卫星上.

关键词：空间环境带电粒子探测系统硅微调传感器线性能量传递

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Mars Ion and Neutral Particle Analyzer (MINPA) for Chinese Mars Exploration Mission (Tianwen-1): Design and ground calibration

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2020年第4期4卷 333-344页

作者： LingGao Kong AiBing Zhang Zhen Tian XiangZhi Zheng WenJing Wang Bin Liu Peter Wurz Daniele Piazza Adrian Etter Bin Su YaYa An JianJing Ding WenYa Li Yong Liu Lei Li YiRen Li Xu Tan yueqiang sun National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Beijing Key Laboratory of Space Environment Exploration Beijing 100190China Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Space Environment Situational Awareness Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Physics Institute University of BernBern 3012Switzerland State Key Laboratory of Space Weather Beijing 100190China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100012China

The main objective of the Mars Ion and Neutral Particle Analyzer(MINPA)aboard the Chinese Mars Exploration Mission(Tianwen-1)is to study the solar wind-Mars interaction by measuring the ions and energetic neutral atoms(ENAs)near Mars.The MINPA integrates ion and ENA measurements into one sensor head,sharing the same electronics box.The MINPA utilizes a standard toroidal top-hat electrostatic analyzer(ESA)followed by a time of flight(TOF)unit to provide measurement of ions with energies from 2.8 eV to 25.9 keV and ENAs from 50 eV to 3 keV with a base time resolution of 4 seconds.Highly polished silicon single crystal substrates with an Al2O3 film coating are used to ionize the ENAs into positive ions.These ions can then be analyzed by the ESA and TOF,to determine the energy and masses of the ENAs.The MINPA provides a 360°×90°field of view(FOV)with 22.5°×5.4°angular resolution for ion measurement,and a 360°×9.7°FOV with 22.5°×9.7°angular resolution for ENA measurement.The TOF unit combines a-15 kV acceleration high voltage with ultra-thin carbon foils to resolve H+,He2+,He+,O+,O2+and CO2+for ion measurement and to resolve H and O(≥16 amu group)for ENA measurement.Here we present the design principle and describe our ground calibration of the MINPA.

关键词： Mars ion energetic neutral atom electrostatic analyzer time of flight

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Capability of Fengyun-3D Satellite in Earth System Observation

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2019年第6期33卷 1113-1130页

作者： Zhongdong YANG Peng ZHANG Songyan GU Xiuqin HU Shihao TANG Leiku YANG Na XU Zhaojun ZHEN Ling WANG Qiong WU Fangli DOU Ruixia LIU Xiao WU Ling ZHU Liyang ZhANG Sujuan WANG yueqiang sun Weihua BAI National Satellite Meteorological Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081 Henan Polytechnic University Jiaozuo 454000 National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190

From the viewpoint of earth system science,this paper discusses the observation capability of the second-generation of Chinese polar-orbiting,sun-synchronous operational meteorological satellite observation systems,Fengyun-3(FY-3),based on the function and performance test results from the FY-3 D satellite observation system in orbit.The FY-3 series of satellites have numerous remote sensing instruments and a wide range of imaging and sounding electromagnetic spectrometers onboard.These instruments can obtain reflectivity data for land surface,soil,vegetation,water body,snow cover,ocean color,and sea ice on earth’s surface over a wide spectral range,as well as information on the absorption and scattering radiative transfer of molecules and particles(clouds and aerosols)in earth’s atmosphere.All of these data can be used to retrieve physical and chemical information about the land,ocean,and atmosphere of the earth system.Comprehensive observation of the earth system by the FY-3 meteorological satellites is preliminarily realized.

关键词： Fengyun-3 meteorological satellites earth system observation advanced instruments remote sensing information products

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