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Propagating subduction initiation of the Caroline Plate at the Mussau Trench

Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 253-269页

作者： Chun-Feng LI Yongkang DENG tao WU Dongdong DONG Guoliang ZHANG Jiazheng ZHANG Yutao LIU Yaqing LI Fugui TANG Lulu ZHANG Department of Marine Sciences Zhejiang UniversityZhoushan316021China Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resources Laoshan LaboratoryQingdao266237China Key Lab of Marine Geology and Environment Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao266071China Key Lab of Ocean and Marginal Sea Geology South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou510301China Science&Technology on Integrated Information System Lab Institute of SoftwareChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China

New seismic imaging from the Mussau Trench confirms that,under horizontal compression on an oceanic plate boundary,it is within the young and weak oceanic plate that a trench will develop,and it is the young plate,not so long after its birth,that starts to subduct toward the old *** Mesozoic Pacific Plate cannot easily bend,under the joint horizontal compression and vertical gravity pull,even with a pre-existing weak zone in place and with a large age offset across the plate *** bending of the Caroline Plate near the northern end of the Mussau Trench started only after a long-time span of trench migration,and/or after a prolonged transition from initial compression to trench *** contrasting trench deformation and sedimentary accretion between two parallel seismic sections support an evident migration of underthrusting or significant longitudinal heterogeneity along the *** swift transition from underthrusting to non-thrusting can be explained by a counter-clockwise rotation of the Caroline *** miniature accretionary wedges develop even before the subduction initiates imply strong compression and uplifting before the underthrusting can *** of the Caroline Plate have been halted as the Mussau Trench is seismically rather quiet and the Lyra Trough to the east shows relaxational extension.

关键词： Mussau Trench Subduction initiation Seismic reflection Caroline Plate

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Predicting Diabetic Retinopathy Using a Machine Learning Approach Informed by Whole-Exome Sequencing Studies

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2025年第1期38卷 67-78页

作者： Chongyang She Wenying Fan Yunyun Li Yong tao Zufei Li Department of Ophthalmology Beijing Chao-Yang HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100020China Beijing Tongren Eye Center Beijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100176China Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryBeijing Chao-Yang HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100020China

Objective To establish and validate a novel diabetic retinopathy(DR)risk-prediction model using a whole-exome sequencing(WES)-based machine learning(ML)*** WES was performed to identify potential single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)or mutation sites in a DR pedigree comprising 10 members.A prediction model was established and validated in a cohort of 420 type 2 diabetic patients based on both genetic and demographic *** contribution of each feature was assessed using Shapley Additive explanation *** efficacies of the models with and without SNP were *** WES revealed that seven SNPs/mutations(rs116911833 in TRIM7,1997T>C in LRBA,1643T>C in PRMT10,rs117858678 in C9orf152,rs201922794 in CLDN25,rs146694895 in SH3GLB2,and rs201407189 in FANCC)were associated with ***,the model including rs146694895 and rs201407189 achieved better performance in predicting DR(accuracy:80.2%;sensitivity:83.3%;specificity:76.7%;area under the receiver operating characteristic curve[AUC]:80.0%)than the model without these SNPs(accuracy:79.4%;sensitivity:80.3%;specificity:78.3%;AUC:79.3%).Conclusion Novel SNP sites associated with DR were identified in the DR *** of rs146694895 and rs201407189 significantly enhanced the performance of the ML-based DR prediction model.

关键词： Machine learning Diabetic retinopathy Whole exome sequencing Type 2 diabetes mellitus

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Low-concentration atropine(0.01%)on quantitative contrast sensitivity function in Chinese children with myopia

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2025年第1期18卷 117-124页

作者： Yu-Hao Ye Yi-Yong Xian Fang Liu Zhong-Lin Lyu Xing-tao Zhou Jing Zhao Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry Eye&ENT Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghai 200031China NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia(Fudan University) Key Laboratory of MyopiaChinese Academy of Medical SciencesShanghai 200000China Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry Shanghai 200000China Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Laser and Autostereoscopic 3D for Vision Care(20DZ2255000).Shanghai 200030 China Division of Arts and Sciences NYU ShanghaiShanghai 200000China Center for Neural Science and Department of Psychology New York UniversityNew York 10012USA NYU-ECNU Institute of Brain and Cognitive Science NYU ShanghaiShanghai 200000China

AIM:To investigate the effect of 0.01%low-concentration atropine(LA)on quantitative contrast sensitivity function(qCSF)in children with ***:This paired case-control study included 90 eyes of 58 children who were sex-,age-,and refractionmatched and equally divided into two groups:the 0.01%LA group had undergone 6mo use of daily 0.01%atropine and control group was naïve to *** ophthalmic examinations and qCSF test without refractive correction were *** groups were compared in monocular and binocular qCSF parameters,including the area under logCSF,CSF acuity,and contrast sensitivity(CS)at 1.0-18.0 cycle per degree(cpd).RESULTS:In the monocular comparison,the CSF acuity of the LA group was significantly higher than that of the control group(7.58±5.51 vs 6.37±4.22 cpd,P<0.05).The subgroup analysis showed that in the 6-9y group,CSF acuity was significantly higher in the LA group than the control group(8.76±6.19 vs 6.54±4.25 cpd,P<0.05),and in the Female group,low refraction sphere group,and high refraction cylinder group,the CS at high spatial frequencies(12.0 and 18.0 cpd)were significantly higher in the LA group than in the control group(all P<0.05).In the binocular test,CSF acuity and CS at 12.0 cpd were significantly higher in the LA group than in the control group(10.95±7.00 vs 8.65±5.12 cpd;0.17±0.33 vs 0.06±0.16,respectively;both P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Use of LA may result in improved CS in children with early onset myopia.

关键词： low-concentration atropine myopia quantitative contrast sensitivity function Chinese children

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Out-of-phase relationship of Holocene moisture variations between the northeastern and southeastern Tibetan plateau and its societal impacts

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Fundamental Research 2025年第1期5卷 241-248页

作者： Wu, Duo Ma, Minmin Lu, Yongxiu Guo, Shilong Wang, tao Ma, Xuyi Dong, Guanghui Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems (Ministry of Education) College of Earth and Environmental Science Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China

It is widely accepted that Holocene climatic and environmental changes had major impacts on socioeconomic development and the evolution of civilization. The eastern margin of the Tibetan plateau (TP) has been an important passageway for south‒north migration of agricultural groups since the late Neolithic. Prehistoric farmers began to occupy the northeastern Tibetan plateau (NETP) and the area of modern Yunnan Province (YNP), on the southeastern margin of the TP, from ∼5200 BP and ∼4600 BP, respectively. This occupation was potentially closely linked to climatic and environmental changes;however, the spatiotemporal pattern of moisture variations between these two regions, and its possible impact on human settlement and the migration of farming communities along the eastern margin of the TP during the late Neolithic and Bronze Age, are unclear. In the present study, well-dated sedimentary records with unambiguous indicators of humidity variations from the NETP and YNP were integrated, along with radiocarbon dates from human and animal bones and the remains of crop plants from archaeological sites in this region. The results indicate a long-term, out-of-phase relationship of moisture variations between the NETP and YNP during the middle to late Holocene. A mid-late Holocene increase in humidity on the NETP facilitated the development of agropastoral societies during the period of ∼5200‒2200 BP. However, pronounced cooling from ∼5000 BP forced the southward dispersal of millet farming groups along the eastern margin of the TP during the fifth millennium BP. Decreasing moisture in YNP promoted the expansion of an open landscape, which affected the development of agriculture during the period of ∼4600‒2200 BP. Our results suggest that changes in moisture affected the development of prehistoric agriculture in the northeastern and southeastern marginal areas of the TP in different ways, implying that the development of prehistoric human society largely depended on the regi

关键词： Climate change Late Neolithic and Bronze age Millet agriculture Northeastern Tibetan plateau Spatiotemporal moisture variation Yunnan Province

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Macro-mechanics and Microstructure of Nanomaterial-modified Geopolymer Concrete: A Comprehensive Review

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2025年第1期40卷 204-214页

作者： WANG tao FAN Xiangqian GAO Changsheng QU Chiyu The National Key Laboratory of Water Disaster Prevention Nanjing Hydraulic Research InstituteNanjing 210024China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou) Guangzhou 511458China School of Water Conservancy and Transportation Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

We have described in detail the effects of nano-SiO_(2),nano-CaCO_(3),carbon nanotubes,and nano-Al_(2)O_(3) on geopolymer concrete from the perspectives of macro mechanics and *** existing research results show that the mechanism of nano-materials on geopolymer concrete mainly includes the filling effect,nucleation effect,and bridging effect,the appropriate amount of nano-materials can be used as fillers to reduce the porosity of geopolymer concrete,and can also react with Ca(OH)2 to produce C-S-H gel,thereby improving the mechanical properties of geopolymer *** optimum content of nano-SiO_(2) is between 1.0%and 2.0%.The optimum content of nano-CaCO_(3) is between 2.0%and 3.0%.The optimum content of carbon nanotubes is between 0.1%and 0.2%.The optimum content of nano-Al_(2)O_(3) is between 1.0%and 2.0%.The main problems existing in the research and application of nanomaterial-modified geopolymer concrete are summarized,which lays a foundation for the further application of nanomaterial in geopolymer concrete.

关键词： nanomaterials low carbon geopolymer concrete macro-mechanics microstructure

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Design of Voltage Equalization Circuit and Control Method for Lithium-ion Battery Packs

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Energy Engineering 2025年第2期122卷 733-746页

作者： Qi Wang Lantian Ge Tianru Xie Yibo Huang Yandong Gu tao Zhu Xuehua Gao School of Electrical and Information Engineering Jiangsu University of TechnologyChangzhou213001China Research and Development Department Shuangdeng Group Co.Ltd.Taizhou225500China School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang212013China

The active equalization of lithium-ion batteries involves transferring energy from high-voltage cells to low-voltage cells,ensuring consistent voltage levels across the battery pack and maintaining *** paper presents a voltage balancing circuit and control ***,a single capacitor method is used to design the circuit topology for energy ***,real-time voltage detection and control are employed to balance energy between ***,simulation and experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method,achieving balanced voltages of 3.97 V from initial voltages of 4.10,3.97,and 3.90 *** proposed circuit is simple,reliable,and effectively prevents overcharge and overdischarge.

关键词： Lithium-ion battery voltage balancing control single-capacitor method

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Ozone exposure and cardiovascular disease: A narrative review of epidemiology evidence and underlying mechanisms

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Fundamental Research 2025年第1期5.0卷 249-263页

作者： Hua, Qiaoyi Meng, Xin Gong, Jicheng Qiu, Xinghua Shang, Jing Xue, tao Zhu, Tong SKL-ESPC & SEPKL-AERM College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering and Center for Environment and Health Peking University Beijing 100871 China Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public Health Peking University Health Science Center Beijing 100871 China

Ozone (O3) poses a significant global public health concern as it exerts adverse effects on human cardiovascular health. Nevertheless, there remains a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding the relationships between O3 exposure and the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), as well as the underlying biological mechanisms. To address this knowledge gap, this narrative review meticulously summarizes the existing epidemiological evidence, susceptibility, and potential underlying biological mechanisms linking O3 exposure with CVD. An increasing body of epidemiological studies has demonstrated that O3 exposure heightens the incidence and mortality of CVD, including specific subtypes such as ischemic heart disease, hypertension, and heart failure. Certain populations display heightened vulnerability to these effects, particularly children, the elderly, obese individuals, and those with pre-existing conditions. Proposed biological mechanisms suggest that O3 exposure engenders respiratory and systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, disruption of autonomic nervous and neuroendocrine systems, as well as impairment of coagulation function, glucose, and lipid metabolism. Ultimately, these processes contribute to vascular dysfunction and the development of CVD. However, some studies have reported the absence of associations between O3 and CVD, or even potentially protective effects of O3. Inconsistencies among the literature may be attributed to inaccurate assessment of personal O3 exposure levels in epidemiologic studies, as well as confounding effects stemming from co-pollutants and temperature. Consequently, our findings underscore the imperative for further research, including the development of reliable methodologies for assessing personal O3 exposure, exploration of O3 exposure's impact on cardiovascular health, and elucidation of its biological mechanisms.

关键词： Cardiovascular disease Epidemiologic study Mechanism Ozone exposure Susceptibility

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The genetic basis and improvement of photosynthesis in tomato

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2025年第1期11卷 69-84页

作者： Haiqiang Dong Fangman Li Xiaoxiao Xuan John Kojo Ahiakpa Jinbao tao Xingyu Zhang Pingfei Ge Yaru Wang Wenxian Gai Yuyang Zhang National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070 China Hubei Hongshan Laboratory Wuhan 430070China Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureGenome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministryof AgricultureAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen 518000China

Photosynthesis is one the most important chemical reaction in plants,and it is the ultimate energy source of any living *** light and dark reactions are two essential phases of *** reaction harvests light energy to synthesize ATP and NADPH through an electron transport chain,and as well as giving out O_(2);dark reaction fixes CO_(2) into six carbon sugars by utilizing NADPH and energy from ***,plants convert optical energy into chemical energy for maintaining growth and development through absorbing light ***,firstly,we highlighted the biological importance of photosynthesis,and hormones and metabolites,photosynthetic and regulating enzymes,and signaling components that collectively regulate photosynthesis in ***,we reviewed the advances in tomato photosynthesis,including two aspects of genetic basis and genetic *** genes regulating tomato photosynthesis are gradually uncovered,and the interaction network among those genes remains to be ***,the photosynthesis occurring in fruit of tomato and the relationship between photosynthesis in leaf and fruit were *** and fruits are photosynthate sources and sinks of tomato respectively,and interaction between photosynthesis in leaf and fruit ***,future perspectives that needs to be addressed on tomato photosynthesis were proposed.

关键词： Photosynthesis Tomato Genetics Improvement Leaf Fruit

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Heterochronic gastric adenosquamous carcinoma combined with colonic adenoma:A case report

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2025年第3期17卷 418-423页

作者： Gui-Jiang Liu Xiao-Yi Long Fei Zhang tao Ren Xun Xia Department of Neurosurgery Clinical Medical College and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical CollegeChengdu 610500Sichuan ProvinceChina Department of Pathology Clinical Medical College and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical CollegeChengdu 610500Sichuan ProvinceChina Department of Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical CollegeChengdu 610500Sichuan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Metachronous gastric cancer usually refers to a tumor that occurs in the stomach more than half a year after esophageal cancer surgery,and metastasis of primary esophageal cancer should be *** are few reports of metachronous gastric adenosquamous carcinoma with signet ring cell carcinoma combined with early tubular adenoma of the colon after esophageal cancer surgery,which has a high degree of *** is also the reason for the poor treatment *** SUMMARY A 54-year-old male patient was admitted to the hospital with“dysphagia obstruction”.Seven years ago,the patient was diagnosed with well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma in the middle esophagus(T4N1M0 stage)and left gastric lymph node *** the final resection of the esophageal cancer,no residual cancer tissue was found in the esophageal and gastric *** patient’s medical history 7 years ago(preoperative gastroscopy and other examinations)revealed no gastric *** with the patient’s history,the diagnosis of recurrent esophageal cancer was made on this *** final pathological results were surprising:Metachronous gastric adenosquamous carcinoma with signet ring cell carcinoma combined with early tubular adenoma of the *** the high malignancy of the tumor,the complexity of the second operation,and many complications,the patient received *** He had a history of esophageal cancer *** should be performed simultaneously to avoid missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis.

关键词： Heterochronic tumor Gastric adenosquamous carcinoma Colonic adenoma Esophageal cancer Signet ring cell carcinoma Case report

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Mechanistic insight into the synergy between nickel single atoms and nanoparticles on N-doped carbon for electroreduction of CO_(2)

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 327-336页

作者： Mingdong Sun Wenwen Guan Cailing Chen Chao Wu Xiaoling Liu Biao Meng tao Chen Yu Han Jun Wang Shibo Xi Yu Zhou State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816JiangsuChina Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center Physical Sciences and Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwal 23955-6900Saudi Arabia Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals Energy and EnvironmentA*STAR(Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research)Jurong IslandSingapore 627833Singapore College of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065SichuanChina

The synergy of single atoms(SAs)and nanoparticles(NPs)has demonstrated great potential in promoting the electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR);however,the rationalization of the SAs/NPs proportion remains one challenge for the catalyst ***,a Ni2+-loaded porous poly(ionic liquids)(PIL)precursor synthesized through the free radical self-polymerization of the ionic liquid monomer,1-allyl-3-vinylimidazolium chloride,was pyrolyzed to prepare the Ni,N co-doped carbon materials,in which the proportion of Ni SAs and NPs could be facilely modulated by controlling the annealing *** catalyst Ni-NC-1000 with a moderate proportion of Ni SAs and NPs exhibited high efficiency in the electrocatalytic conversion of CO_(2)into *** Ni K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure(XANES)spectra and theoretical calculations were conducted to gain insight into the synergy of Ni SAs and *** charge transfer from Ni NPs to the surrounding carbon layer and then to the Ni SAs resulted in the electron-enriched Ni SAs active *** the electroreduction of CO_(2),the coexistence of Ni SAs and NPs strengthened the CO_(2)activation and the affinity towards the key intermediate of*COOH,lowering the free energy for the potential-determining*CO_(2)→*COOH step,and therefore promoted the catalysis efficiency.

关键词： Single atom catalyst Synergy effect cO2 reduction Carbon catalyst Electrocatalysis

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