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Evaluation of ERA5 reanalysis temperature data over the Qilian Mountains of China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2025年第1期22卷 198-209页

作者： ZHAO peng HE Zhibin School of Computer Science Huainan Normal UniversityHuainan 232038China Linze Inland River Basin Research Station Key Laboratory of Inland River Basin ScienceNorthwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourceChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China

Air temperature is an important indicator to analyze climate change in mountainous ***5 reanalysis air temperature data are important products that were widely used to analyze temperature change in mountainous ***,the reliability of ERA5 reanalysis air temperature over the Qilian Mountains(QLM)is *** this study,we evaluated the reliability of ERA5 monthly averaged reanalysis 2 m air temperature data using the observations at 17 meteorological stations in the QLM from 1979 to *** results showed that:ERA5 reanalysis monthly averaged air temperature data have a good applicability in the QLM in general(R2=0.99).ERA5 reanalysis temperature data overestimated the observed temperature in the QLM in *** mean square error(RMSE)increases with the increasing of elevation range,showing that the reliability of ERA5 reanalysis temperature data is worse in higher elevation than that in lower ***5 reanalysis temperature can capture observational warming rates *** the smallest warming rates of observational temperature and ERA5 reanalysis temperature are found in winter,with the warming rates of 0.393°C/10a and 0.360°C/10a,*** study will provide a reference for the application of ERA5 reanalysis monthly averaged air temperature data at different elevation ranges in the Qilian Mountains.

关键词： ERA5 Reanalysis data Air temperature Qilian Mountains Climate change

Control of Corner Separation for a Linear Compressor Cascade via Bionic Slanting Riblets at the Endwall

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期34卷 129-144页

作者： ZHAng peng LI Yonghong CHEng Rixin Key Laboratory of Civil Aircraft Airworthiness Technology Civil Aviation University of ChinaTianjin 300300China College of Aeronautical Engineering Civil Aviation University of ChinaTianjin 300300China

A new passive control approach,utilizing bionic slanting riblets,is employed to mitigate the flow close to the blade endwall in a linear cascade,and its effectiveness and mechanism in controlling corner separation are investigated through numerical *** slanting riblets are positioned at the endwall upstream of the cascade channel,and the influence of riblet height,yaw angle and relative position on the control of corner separation is *** findings indicate that the application of slanting riblets can efficiently counteract corner separation across the stable operational ***,the introduction of riblets with a height of merely 0.1 times the boundary layer thickness results in a significant reduction in total pressure loss by up to 14.53%,while simultaneously enhancing the static pressure coefficient by 21.74%.Flow analysis reveals that minute vortices produced within the riblet channels tend to coalesce,forming a potent large-scale vortex near the boundary layer's base *** phenomenon results in reduced additional losses compared to conventional vortex ***,the induced vortex promotes enhanced mixing between the mainstream flow and boundary layer,inhibiting the lateral displacement of low-energy fluids within the endwall boundary ***,this delays the onset of separation vortex formation and eliminates vortex rings in the corner region,ultimately enhancing the aerodynamic efficiency of the cascade.

关键词： corner separation compressor cascade slanting riblets additional losses vortex generator

Calibration of the Solar X-ray Detector on-board the Macao Science Satellite-1B for Soft X-ray Detection

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 11-26页

作者： Man-Hei ng Xiaoping ZHAng Jianwu CHEN Yongqiang SHI Fuchang ZUO Wenxi peng Weichun FU Liansheng LI pengwei LUO Chi-Long TAng Guozheng ZHAng Zhiwu MEI Li WAng Cunhui LI Jiaming OU Yanyan Xu State Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Sciences Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacao999078China Space Optoelectronic Measurement and Perception Laboratory Beijing Institute of Control EngineeringBeijing100190China Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Science and Technology on Vacuum Technology and Physics Laboratory Lanzhou Institute of PhysicsLanzhou730000China China National Space Administration(CNSA) Macao Center for Space Exploration and ScienceMacao999078China

The Solar X-ray Detector(SXD)on-board the Macao Science Satellite-1B(MSS-1B)was successfully launched via the Chinese Long March-2C rocket on 21 May 2023,and commenced operations in early June of the same *** MSS-1B/Soft X-ray Detection Units(SXDUs)employ two silicon drift detectors(SDDs),providing a wide range of energy spectra spanning from 0.7 to 24 ***,the SXDUs deliver a high-resolution capability of 0.14 keV@5.9 keV and operate with a time cadence of 1 ***,we perform thorough calibrations of the MSS-1B/SXDUs,employing a combination of ground experiments and *** addition,quantitative analysis comparing the flux measurements obtained by the MSS-1B/SXDUs to the data collected by the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite(GOES),provides compelling evidence of their ***,the preliminary spectral analysis results showcase the robustness and expected performance of the MSS-1B/SXDUs,unlocking their potential for facilitating the study of dynamic evolution of solar ***,the innovative MSS-1B/Solar X-ray Detector facilitates concurrent observations of solar soft and hard X-rays,thereby making valuable contributions to the advancements in solar research.

关键词： Macao Science Satellite-1B(MSS-1B) Calibration Solar X-Ray Detector Spectrometer Soft X-rays Solar flares Solar abundances

Exploratory growth and characterization of CaNdAl_(3)O_(7) single crystal with nonsymmetric structure in tetragonal family

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Journal of Rare Earths 2025年第1期43卷 153-161,I0006页

作者： Xiangkang peng Fapeng Yu State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Institute of Crystal MaterialsShandong UniversityJinan250100China

The new component of melilite type crystal CaNdAl_(3)O_(7)(CNA)was grown by the Czochralski pulling *** crystal structure analysis was *** is found that the CNA crystal belongs to the tetragonal system with P-421m space *** cell parameters a=b=0.77461 nm and c=0.51089 *** density and Mohs hardness of CNA crystal are 4.08 g/cm^(3) and 5.45,*** specific heat of the crystal is 0.57-0.77 J/(g·K)in the temperature range of 30-300℃.X-ray photoelectron spectro scopy(XPS)shows that the crystal has stable atomic valence states and chemical *** vibration state of polyhedra groups in the crystal was measured by Raman spectra,and the piezoelectric response was analyzed based on the calculated results for the polyhedra polarization dipole *** relative dielectric permittivity of the CNA crystal at room temperature was determined to be 11.80 and the electrical resistivity was measured to be on the order of 5×10^(6)Ω·cm at 800℃.

关键词： Piezoelectric Melilite Crystal growth High-temperature Czochralski Rareearths

Recent advances in exploring new blood-based biomarkers for the early diagnosis of gastric cancer

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 35-45页

作者： Xinyu peng Qian Ma Da Han School of Life Science Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Institute of Molecular Medicine Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and NanomedicineState Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200025China Department of Research and Development Intellinosis Biotechnologies Co.Ltd.Shanghai 201112China

Gastric cancer(GC)is a prevalent and lethal malignancy worldwide,and the 5-year survival rate is less than 30%.The absence of distinctive symptoms often leads to late-stage diagnosis,contributing to a grim *** detection is pivotal for improving the survival rates and outcomes of GC *** diagnostic methods,including gastroscopy and histopathological examination,are restricted in the early diagnosis of *** protein biomarkers,such as carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA),carbohydrate antigen 19-9(CA19-9),and carbohydrate antigen 72-4(CA72-4),exhibit insufficient sensitivity and specificity for GC screening,which diminishes their clinical ***,novel circulating biomarkers,such as circulating tumor cells(CTCs),circulating tumor cell DNA(ct DNA),and circulating free RNA(cf RNA),have emerged as promising candidates in the burgeoning field of liquid biopsy due to their superior sensitivity and *** review focuses on the latest research on blood-based biomarkers for GC diagnosis and examines the clinical potentials and challenges associated with these emerging biomarkers.

关键词： gastric cancer early diagnosis blood

Observation of acoustic hybrid topological phases induced by the p-d orbital interactions

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期68卷 128-135页

作者： Xiao Xiang Feng Gao Yu-Gui peng peng Wu Zong-Lin Li Xue-Feng Zhu School of Physics and Innovation Institute Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

In spinless systems,growing attention has recently been attracted to synthetic gauge fields,which redefine the fundamental crystal symmetries by utilizing the projective algebraic ***,synthetic gauge fields have been commonly investigated in single orbital systems,and explorations on hybrid orbitals remain elusive in ***,we report the experimental observation of hybrid topological phases induced by hybrid synthetic gauge flux,which is formed by the interaction between p and d orbitals embedded in acoustic *** breaking the translation symmetries of L_(x) and/or L_(y),we unambiguously demonstrate the first-order Möbius edge states and higher-order corner *** work establishes a platform for seeking exotic topological phases induced by hybrid-orbitals interactions and initializing the framework of hybrid-orbitalsrelated topological *** applications can be anticipated in scenarios such as high-quality sensing and robust wave trapping due to the stepwise energy distribution of the hybrid topological phase.

关键词： topological insulator synthetic gauge field projective symmetry corner states

Analyzing carbon emissions and influencing factors in Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration counties

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第5期151卷 640-651页

作者： Zhang Heng Lu Wenfu peng Lindan Zhang Key Laboratory of the Evaluation and Monitoring of Southwest Land Resources(Ministry of Education) Sichuan Normal UniversityChengdu 610068China The Institute of Geography and Resources Science Sichuan Normal UniversityChengdu 610068China

Majority of carbon emissions originate from fossil energy consumption,thus necessitating calculation and monitoring of carbon emissions from energy *** this study,we utilized energy consumption data from Sichuan Province and Chongqing Municipality for the years 2000 to 2019 to estimate their statistical carbon *** then employed nighttime light data to downscale and infer the spatial distribution of carbon emissions at the county level within the Chengdu-Chongqing urban ***,we analyzed the spatial pattern of carbon emissions at the county level using the coefficient of variation and spatial autocorrelation,and we used the Geographically and Temporally Weighted Regression(GTWR)model to analyze the influencing factors of carbon emissions at this *** results of this study are as follows:(1)from 2000 to 2019,the overall carbon emissions in the Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration showed an increasing trend followed by a decrease,with an average annual growth rate of 4.24%.However,in recent years,it has stabilized,and 2012 was the peak year for carbon emissions in the Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration;(2)carbon emissions exhibited significant spatial clustering,with high-high clustering observed in the core urban areas of Chengdu and Chongqing and low-low clustering in the southern counties of the Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration;(3)factors such as GDP,population(Pop),urbanization rate(Ur),and industrialization structure(Ic)all showed a significant influence on carbon emissions;(4)the spatial heterogeneity of each influencing factor was evident.

关键词： Carbon emissions Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration Spatial autocorrelation Geographically and temporally weighted regression

Advances in genotypic antimicrobialresistance testing: a comprehensive review

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 130-143页

作者： Boheng Duan Xianjun Zeng Junping peng Huan Kui College of Nanchang University Nanchang 330031China Department of Imaging The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330038China NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens National Institute of Pathogen BiologyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 102629China Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Pathogenomics Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 102629China Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control(Ministry of Education) State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and MultimorbidityNational Institute of Pathogen BiologyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 102629China

Antimicrobial resistance(AMR)represents a substantial threat to global public health,complicating the treatment of common infections and leading to prolonged illness and escalated healthcare *** effectively combat AMR,timely and accurate detection is crucial for AMR surveillance and individual-based *** antibiotic resistance testing(AST)has long been considered the gold standard in clinical applications,serving as the foundation for clinical AMR diagnosis and optimized *** has significantly contributed to ensuring patients′health and the development of novel *** advancements in automated culture-based AST technologies,inherent limitations impede the widespread use of phenotypic AST in AMR *** AST technologies offer a promising alternative option,exhibiting advantages of rapidity,high sensitivity,and *** the continuous advancement and expanding applications of genotypic AST technologies,such as microfluidics,mass spectrometry,and high-resolution melting curve analysis,new vigor has been injected into the development and clinical implementation of genotypic AST *** this narrative review,we discuss the principles,applications,and advancements of emerging genotypic AST methods in clinical *** comprehensive review aims to highlight the significant scientific potential of emerging genotypic AST technologies in clinical AMR diagnosis,providing insights to enhance existing methods and explore novel approaches.

关键词： antimicrobial resistance(AMR) genotypic antibiotic resistance testing(AST) AST technologies review

Crevice corrosion of reinforcing steel in carbonated simulated concrete pore solutions contaminated by chloride

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2025年第1期32卷 293-311页

作者： peng-peng Wu Yuan-pei Gong Shao-hua Zhang Yue-zhong Zhang Bao-sheng Liu Guang-ling Song College of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of Science and TechnologyTaiyuan030024ShanxiChina College of Chemical Engineering and Technology Taiyuan University of Science and TechnologyTaiyuan030024ShanxiChina Department of Ocean Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055GuangdongChina School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering Centre for Advanced Materials Processing and Manufacturing(AMPAM)The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD4072Australia State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Xiamen UniversityXiamen361005FujianChina

The crevice corrosion of the reinforcing steel in the carbonated simulated concrete pore solutions(SCPSs)containing 0.04 mol/L chloride was *** comparison,the steel without crevice covered on its surface was also *** showed that the crevice corrosion in the uncarbonated SCPS was not triggered and the steel remained passivity by suppressing the anodic dissolution in the crevice *** SCPS was carbonated to have pH values of 10.5 and 11.5,the crevice corrosion was easier to be activated than the widely reported pitting corrosion owing to the rapid oxygen depletion within the crevice,but the crevice corrosion damage might be alleviated to a certain extent due to the relative compact surface film formed inside the *** further carbonation led to the activation dissolution of both the crevice interior and exterior,causing the more serious corrosion *** process of the crevice corrosion was systematically analyzed by combining the electrochemical measurement results and Evens polarization diagram.

关键词： Crevice corrosion Reinforcing steel Carbonation Electrochemical test Rust Evens polarization diagram