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Frontiers of Earth Science 2019年第3期13卷 510-522页

作者： yuanfang chai Yitian LI Yunping YANG Sixuan LI Wei ZHANG Jinqiu REN Haibin XIONG State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Key Laboratory of Engineering Sediment Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport EngineeringMinistry of TransportTianjin 300000China

Under the influence of a climate of extreme drought and the Three Gorges Dam (TGD) operation, the water levels in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in 2006 and 2011 changed significantly compared with those in the extreme drought years of 1978 and 1986. To quantitatively analyze the characteristics of water level variations in 2006 and 2011, a new calculation method was proposed, and the daily water level and discharge from 1955-2016 were collected in this study. The findings are as follows: in 2006 and 2011, the water level in the dry season significantly increased, but that in the flood season obviously decreased compared with the levels in 1978 and 1986. Here, we described this phenomenon as “no low-water-level in dry season, no high-water-level in flood season”. Based on the calculation method, the contributions of climate variability and the Three Gorges Dam operation to water level variations in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River were calculated, and the contributions indicated that climate variability was the main reason for the phenomenon of “no low-water-level in diy season, no high-water-level in flood season” instead of flood peak reduction in the flood season and drought runoff implementation in the dry season, which are both induced by TGD.

关键词： water level extreme drought climate the Three Gorges Dam the Yangtze River Basin

Erosion-deposition patterns and depo-center movements in branching channels at the near-estuary reach of the Yangtze River

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2020年第3期14卷 537-552页

作者： Boyuan Zhu Jinyun Deng Jinwu Tang Wenjun Yu Alistair G.L.Borthwick yuanfang chai Zhaohua Sun Yitian Li School of Hydraulic Engineering Changsha University of Science&TechnologyChangsha410114China Key Laboratory of Water-Sediment Sciences and Water Disaster Prevention of Hunan Province Changsha410114China State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science Wuhan UniversityWuhan430072China Changjiang Institute of Survey PlanningDesign and ResearchWuhan430010China Changjiang Waterway Institute of Planning Design&ResearchWuhan430040China School of Engineering The University of EdinburghThe King’s BuildingsEdinburghEH93JLUK Department of Earth Sciences Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamBoelelaan 10851081 HVAmsterdamThe Netherlands

Channel evolution and depo-center migrations in braided reaches are significantly influenced by variations in *** study examines the effect of runoff variations on the erosion-deposition patterns and depocenter movements within branching channels of the near-estuary reach of the Yangtze *** assume that variations in annual mean duration days of runoff discharges,ebb partition ratios in branching channels,and the erosional/depositional rates of entire channels and sub-reaches are representative of variations in runoff intensity,flow dynamics in branching channels,and morphological features in the *** results show that the north region of Fujiangsha Waterway,the Liuhaisha branch of Rugaosha Waterway,the west branch of Tongzhousha Waterway,and the west branch of Langshansha Waterway experience deposition or reduced erosion under low runoff intensity,and erosion or reduced deposition under high runoff intensity,with the depocenters moving upstream and downstream,*** waterway branches undergo opposite trends in erosion-deposition patterns and depo-center movements as the runoff *** morphological changes may be associated with trends in ebb partition ratio as the runoff discharge rises and *** flattening the intra-annual distribution of runoff discharge,dam construction in the Yangtze Basin has altered the ebb partition ratios in waterway branches,affecting their erosion-deposition patterns and depo-center *** trends are likely to continue into the future due to the succession of large cascade dams under construction along the upper Yangtze and ongoing climate change.

关键词： near-estuary reach Yangtze River runoff discharge ebb partition ratio erosion-deposition pattern depo-center movement

Quantitative relationship between channels and bars in a tidal reach of the lower Yangtze River:Implications for river management

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2021年第12期31卷 1837-1851页

作者： YANG Yunping ZHENG Jinhai ZHANG Wei ZHU Yude chai yuanfang WANG Jianjun WEN Yuncheng State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering Ministry of TransportTianjin 300456China Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Department of Earth SciencesBoelelaan 10851081 HV Amsterdamthe Netherlands Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute Nanjing 210029China

Deep-water navigation channels in the tidal reaches of the lower Yangtze River are affected by water and sediment fluxes that produce complex shoals and unstable channel *** Fujiangsha reach is particularly difficult to manage,as it has many braided channels within the tidal fluctuation *** this study,hydrologic and topographic data from the Fujiangsha reach from 2012 to 2017 were used to examine the variations in deposition and erosion,flow diversion,shoals,and channel *** the Three Gorges Dam became operational and water storage was initiated,the Fujiangsha reach has shown an overall tendency toward *** deeper than 10 m accounted for 83.7% of the total erosion of the Fujiangsha reach during ***,the dominant channel-forming sediments have gradually changed from suspended sediments to a mixed load of suspended and bed-load *** volumes of these sediments has varied significantly among different channels,but has mainly occurred in the Fubei ***,periodic variations in the Jingjiang point bar have followed a deposition-erosion-deposition pattern,and the downstream Shuangjian shoal mid-channel bar has been scoured and *** 44.0% of the bed load from the upstream Fujiangsha reach is deposited within the 12.5-m deep Fubei *** increased erosion and river flow from the Jingjiang point bar and the Shuangjian shoal during the flood season constituted 59.3% and 40.7%,respectively,of the total amount of siltation in the Fubei channel.

关键词： tidal current fluctuating reach point and central bar channel conditions quantitative relationship lower reaches of the Yangtze River Fujiangsha reach

Evolution characteristics and drivers of the water level at an identical discharge in the Jingjiang reaches of the Yangtze River

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2020年第10期30卷 1633-1648页

作者： chai yuanfang YANG Yunping DENG Jinyun SUN Zhaohua LI Yitian ZHU Lingling 无 Department of Earth Sciences Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamBoelelaan 10851081 HV AmsterdamThe Netherlands State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science School of Water Resources and Hydropower EngineeringWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Key Laboratory of Engineering Sediment Tianjin Research Institutes for Water Transport EngineeringMinistry of TransportTianjin 300456China Bureau of Hydrology Changjiang Water Resources Commission Wuhan430010China

The operation of large-scale reservoirs have modified water and sediment transport processes,resulting in adjustments to the river topography and water *** polynomial fitting method was applied to analyze the variation characteristics of water levels under different water discharge values in the Jingjiang reach of the Yangtze River from 1991–*** segregation variable method was used to estimate the contributions of the varied riverbed evaluation,the downstream-controlled water level,and the comprehensive roughness on the altered water level at an identical *** find that low water levels in the Jingjiang reach of the Yangtze River from 1991–2016 are characterized by a significant downward trend,which has intensified since *** scouring has been the dominate factor causing the reduced low water level while increased roughness alleviated this *** 1991–2016,there was first a decrease followed by an increase in the high water *** variation characteristic in terms of the'high flood discharge at a high water level'before 2003 transformed into a'middle flood discharge at a high water level'since *** increased comprehensive roughness was the main reason for the increased high water level,where river scouring alleviated this *** navigation conditions and flood control,intensified riverbed scouring of the sandy reaches downstream from dams enhanced the effects that the downstream water level has on the upstream water *** has led to an insufficient water depth in the reaches below the dams,which should receive immediate *** alteredvariation characteristics of the high water level have also increased the flood pressure in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.

关键词： water level at identical flow spatio-temporal evolution channel geomorphology middle reaches of the Yangtze River

长江中游荆江河段同流量—水位演化特征及驱动成因

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地理学报 2021年第1期76卷 101-113页

作者：柴元方邓金运杨云平孙昭华李义天朱玲玲武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室武汉430072 长江水利委员会长江科学院武汉430010 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所工程泥沙交通运输行业重点实验室天津300456 长江水利委员会水文局武汉430010

水库运行改变了坝下游水沙输移条件,在河道冲刷的同时,引起水位过程出现适应性调整。本文以长江中游荆江河段为对象,采用多项式拟合法,对比分析1991—2016年间分级流量—水位变化特征,采用基于河流动力学原理的分离变量法,识别河道冲淤... 详细信息

水库运行改变了坝下游水沙输移条件,在河道冲刷的同时,引起水位过程出现适应性调整。本文以长江中游荆江河段为对象,采用多项式拟合法,对比分析1991—2016年间分级流量—水位变化特征,采用基于河流动力学原理的分离变量法,识别河道冲淤、下游控制水位及河床综合糙率等变化对分级流量—水位变化的影响程度。研究表明:1991—2016年间,长江中游荆江河段同流量—枯水位呈下降趋势,2009年以来降幅增大;河道冲刷是引起同流量—枯水位下降的主控因素,河床综合糙率增加抑制了同流量—枯水位下降起到积极作用。1991—2016年间,荆江河段同流量—洪水位经历了先减小后增大的"凹"线型变化,2003年以前洪水特征为"高洪水流量—高水位",2009年以来逐渐演化为"中大洪水流量—高水位",同流量—洪水位特性发生转变;河床综合糙率增大是同流量—洪水位抬升的主控因素,河道冲刷抑制了同流量—洪水位的抬升态势。在航道条件及防洪情势上,应重点防控近坝段沙质河段冲刷引起的水位下降溯源传递作用,其洪水流量—水位特性的转变,不利于减缓荆江河段的防洪压力。

关键词：同流量—水位时空演化河道形态长江中游

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长江荆江河段航道水深条件与河流演变的关系

Journal of Geographical Sciences 2023年第3期33卷 547-575页

作者：杨云平李明刘万利柴元方张杰余文钧 Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering Ministry of TransportTianjin 300456China Changjiang Waterway Institute of Planning and Design Wuhan 430040China Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security Yunnan UniversityKunming 650000China

Given the importance of waterway depths in river development,the effects of the evolution of bars and troughs on waterway expansion play an important role in river management and water depth *** study aims to expand the waterway dimensions of the Jingjiang Reach of the Yangtze *** achieve this objective,determining the relationship between river evolution processes and the potential for waterway depth improvement and navigation hindrances is ***,the sedimentation,hydrological,and terrain data of the Jingjiang Reach from 1955 to 2020 are analysed to elucidate the above-mentioned *** the commissioning of the Three Gorges Dam,the scouring of the low-flow channel has accounted for 90%-95%of all scouring in the Jingjiang ***,the central bars and beaches have shrunk by 9.4%and 24.9%,respectively,and 18.3%*** the bed scouring and waterway regulation projects in the Jingjiang Reach,we investigated the continuity of a 4.5 m×200 m×1050 m(depth×width×bend radius)waterway along the Jingjiang Reach,and find that navigation-hindering channels account for over 5.3%of the waterway ***,part of the Jingjiang Reach is an important nature reserve and shelters numerous water-related facilities,which inhibits the implementation of waterway deepening *** findings of this study demonstrate that numerous challenges are associated with increasing the waterway depths of the Jingjiang Reach.

关键词： beach trough evolution branching relationship waterway depth Jingjiang Reach middle reaches of the Yangtze River

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长江流域近期水沙变化趋势及成因分析

灌溉排水学报 2017年第3期36卷 94-101页

作者：柴元方李义天李思璇朱博渊王靖宜武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室武汉430072

采用双累积曲线法分析了2000—2013年长江流域7大水文站水沙变化关系,基于Mann-kendall检验法和Yamamoto突变检验法研究水沙变化趋势和突变年份。结果表明,屏山、朱沱和寸滩站的双累积曲线较为顺直。宜昌、沙市、汉口和大通站则均在200... 详细信息

采用双累积曲线法分析了2000—2013年长江流域7大水文站水沙变化关系,基于Mann-kendall检验法和Yamamoto突变检验法研究水沙变化趋势和突变年份。结果表明,屏山、朱沱和寸滩站的双累积曲线较为顺直。宜昌、沙市、汉口和大通站则均在2005年发生转折,斜率减小,输沙量大幅减小;长江干流径流量的变化趋势较为平稳,发生突变的现象少,仅屏山站于2001—2002和2005—2006年发生突变,而输沙量的变化趋势则较为明显,常发生强突变现象,且宜昌、沙市、汉口和大通站均无虚假点出现;造成长江干流2000年以来输沙量显著减小的主要原因是三峡水库的蓄水运用和水土保持工作的持续开展,而降雨量下降是导致径流量减小的因素之一。

关键词：趋势分析 Mann-kendall检验法 Yamamoto突变检验法长江流域水沙变化

涉河工程影响下长江中游河道演变及水力特性变化研究

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水利水电快报 2023年第2期44卷 48-54页

作者：王超王福良李浩柴元方水发规划设计有限公司山东济南250000 中国水利水电科学研究院北京100038 阿姆斯特丹自由大学荷兰阿姆斯特丹1011

三峡工程运行后,长江中下游河道发生了长距离、长历时的冲刷,河道水位及形态出现显著调整,对长江中游河床的影响最为明显。以三峡大坝下游宜昌至螺山站河段为研究区域,探究了长江中游河床冲淤、深泓变化、横向调整、床面糙率变化以及岸... 详细信息

三峡工程运行后,长江中下游河道发生了长距离、长历时的冲刷,河道水位及形态出现显著调整,对长江中游河床的影响最为明显。以三峡大坝下游宜昌至螺山站河段为研究区域,探究了长江中游河床冲淤、深泓变化、横向调整、床面糙率变化以及岸滩植被生长等在三峡水库运行前后的变化规律,并分析其与同流量下洪、中、枯水位变化之间的联系。结果表明:三峡水库蓄水后,河床横向形态变化有助于岸线的展宽;2001~2009年间河床糙率显著增加,并自2009年以来河段粗化作用基本完成;而河段沿程深泓变化则与相应的中、枯水位的变化规律一致。该研究成果可为长江中游河道治理、防洪规划及蓄滞洪区的利用等提供理论参考。

关键词：涉河工程河道形态河床演变水位变化三峡工程长江中游

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量化三峡工程运行对长江中游水位变化的贡献

陕西水利 2021年第5期 43-45页

作者：苏鹏李浩俞文超王超柴元方辽宁省石佛寺水库管理局有限责任公司辽宁沈阳110166 山东省水利科学研究院山东济南250000 浙江华电乌溪江水力发电有限公司浙江衢州324000 水利部海河水利委员会天津300000 武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室湖北武汉430072

三峡工程运行后,长江中游的河道形态、河道比降及河床糙率等发生显著变化,引起同流量下的洪、中、枯水位出现适应性调整。作为全球最大的综合性水利枢纽工程,有必要评估三峡工程运行对坝下游水位变化的贡献,相关成果可深化对大型水利工... 详细信息

三峡工程运行后,长江中游的河道形态、河道比降及河床糙率等发生显著变化,引起同流量下的洪、中、枯水位出现适应性调整。作为全球最大的综合性水利枢纽工程,有必要评估三峡工程运行对坝下游水位变化的贡献,相关成果可深化对大型水利工程对坝下游水位影响的认识,为航运、灌溉和水库调度等提供理论基础。基于本研究提出的时间序列方法,剥离了三峡水库运行对坝下游河道水位变化的贡献值。研究发现:2003年~2008年、2009年~2016年三峡工程运行使得宜昌至螺山站河段同流量枯水位分别减少0.23 m和0.71 m,两时段内三峡水库运行对同流量中水位减少的贡献值分别为0.24 m和0.75 m;2003年~2008年期间,三峡水库使得宜昌至螺山站同流量的洪水位减少0.81 m,2009年~2016年则使得其抬升了0.67 m,其抬升数值未超过蓄水前(1991年~2002年)的平均水平。

关键词：三峡工程水位长江中游冲淤

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河床预开挖对围堰上游桩基局部冲刷影响研究

人民珠江 2021年第5期42卷 80-85页

作者：刘聪聪林红星赵东梁柴元方中交第二航务工程局有限公司湖北武汉430040 长大桥梁建设施工技术交通行业重点实验室湖北武汉430040 交通运输行业交通基础设施智能制造技术研发中心湖北武汉430040 中交公路长大桥建设国家工程研究中心有限公司湖北武汉430040 水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室湖北武汉430072

桩基冲刷与水流、泥沙耦合作用密切相关,其局部冲刷深度直接影响结构物的安全稳定性。以某大桥深水基础为研究对象,构建并验证三维泥沙输移数学模型,量化分析河床有无预开挖条件下,围堰及上游桩基水流、泥沙运动规律。结果表明:河床无... 详细信息

桩基冲刷与水流、泥沙耦合作用密切相关,其局部冲刷深度直接影响结构物的安全稳定性。以某大桥深水基础为研究对象,构建并验证三维泥沙输移数学模型,量化分析河床有无预开挖条件下,围堰及上游桩基水流、泥沙运动规律。结果表明:河床无开挖条件下,围堰迎水面流速较小,直角端流速达到最大,后排桩基受前排桩基尾流及下游围堰阻水形成的反向流影响明显;河床预开挖后,围堰四周流速减小,挖槽有利于前端下降水流形成回流,挟沙能力减弱;上游桩基在预开挖条件下,桩基局部流速及冲刷深度均不同程度地减小,后排桩基最为明显,局部冲刷深度减小程度最大,达82.86%~85.07%。

关键词：局部冲刷数学模型河床预开挖围堰桩基