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The Zhaxikang Vein-type Pb-Zn-Ag-Sb Deposit in Himalayan Orogen, Tibet： Product by Overprinting and Remobilization Processes during Post-collisional Period

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2018年第2期92卷 682-705页

作者： LIANG Wei HOU Zengqian zheng yuanchuan YANG Zhusen LI Zhenqing Chengdu Center China Geological Survey Chengdu 610082 China Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 China China university of geosciences Beijing 100037 China Institute of Mineral Resources Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 10003 7 China

The Zhaxikang Pb-Zn-Ag-Sb deposit, the largest polymetallic deposit known in the Himalayan Orogen of southern Tibet, is characterized by vein-type mineralization that hosts multiple mineral assemblages and complicated metal associations. The deposit consists of at least six steeply dipping vein- type orebodies that are hosted by Early Jurassic black carbonaceous slates and are controlled by a Cenozoic N-S-striking normal fault system. This deposit records multiple stages of mineralization that include an early period （A） of massive coarse-grained galena-sphalerite deposition and a later period （B） of Sb-bearing vein-type mineralization. Period A is only associated with galena-sphalerite mineralization, whereas period B can be subdivided into ferrous rhodochrosite-sphalerite-pyrite, quartz -sulfosalt-sphalerite, calcite-pyrite, quartz-stibnite, and quartz-only stages of mineralization. The formation of brecciated galena and sphalerite ores during period A implies reworking of pre-existing Pb -Zn sulfides by Cenozoic tectonic deformation, whereas period B mineralization records extensive open- space filling during ore formation. Fluid inclusion microthermometric data indicate that both periods A and B were associated with low-medium temperature （187-267℃） and low salinity （4.00-10.18% wt. NaCl equivalent） ore-forming fluids, although variations in the physical-chemical nature of the period B fluids suggest that this phase of mineralization was characterized by variable water/rock ratios. Microprobe analyses indicate that Fe concentrations in sphalerite decrease from period A to period B, and can be divided into three groups with FeS concentrations of 8.999-9.577, 7.125-9.109, 5.438-1.460 mol.%. The concentrations of Zn, Sb, Pb, and Ag within orebodies in the study area are normally distributed in both lateral and vertical directions, and Pb, Sb, and/or Ag concentrations are positive correlation within the central part of these orebodies, but negatively correlate in th

关键词： polymetallic multiple period and stage mineralization overprinting and remobilization,orogenic belt Zhaxikang Tibet

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Oxygen Isotope Characteristics of the Footwall Alteration Zones in the Hongtoushan Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide Deposit,Liaoning Province,China and Restoration of Their Formation Temperatures

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2011年第3期85卷 683-693页

作者： zheng yuanchuan GU Lianxing TANG Xiaoqian LIU Sihai WU Changzhi LI Chunhai Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences 26 Baiwanzhuang Road Beijing 10003 7 China State Key Laboratory for Endogenic Metal Deposits Research （Nanjing University）＂ Department of Earth Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China

The Hongtoushan Volcanogenic Massive Sulphide Deposit（VMSD）occurs in the Hunbei granite-greenstone terrane,Liaoning Province,NE *** in the mining area have been metamorphosed around 3.0-2.8 Ga to upper amphibolite facies at temperatures between 600℃and 650℃.Cordierite-anthophyllite gneiss（CAG）in the Hongtoushan mining area,which occurs hundreds of meters below the ore horizon,corresponds to the metamorphosed semi-conformable alteration zone of the VMSD hydrothermal system,whereas the one immediately below the main ore layer represents the metamorphosed pipe-like alteration ***-rock oxygen isotope signatures were well preserved in both types of CAGs,although the mineral components have been entirely changed during regional ***,whole-rock oxygen isotopes can be used to estimate the formation temperature of both types of alteration *** show that the semi-conformable and pipelike alteration zones for the Hongtoushan submarine hydrothermal system were formed at 290-360℃and 285-320°C,respectively,whereas estimates for the former were slightly higher than that of the latter,indicating that the semi-conformable alteration zone represents the deep part of the Hongtoushan seafloor hydrothermal system,while the pipe-like alteration zone represents the discharge conduits for metal-rich fluids,which is closer to the seafloor.

关键词： oxygen isotope formation temperature VMSD footwall alteration zones Hongtoushan Liaoning Province

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New Zircon U-Pb Ages for the Volcano-sedimentary Strata in Yamu,Tibet and their Geological Significance

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2021年第2期95卷 687-690页

作者： XU Peiyan YANG Zhusen zheng yuanchuan HOU Zengqian WEN Ning YU Chao State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources School of Earth Science and ResourcesChinaUniversity of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China Institute of Mineral Resources Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China

Objective The Gangdese porphyry Cu deposits(PCDs)are currently the most academically and economically significant in the Lhasa *** for the giant Xiongcun PCD,which were formed in the Jurassic,almost all the others were formed in the Miocene(***,Jiama).Previous studies have shown that these Miocene PCDs have a close spatial and genetic relationship with Jurassic magmatic arcs(Hou et al.,2015).

关键词： Jurassic sedimentary magmatic

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Genesis of the Bangbu Orogenic Gold Deposit, Tibet： Evidence from Fluid Inclusion, Stable Isotopes, and Ar-Ar Geochronology

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2016年第2期90卷 722-737页

作者： PEI Yingru SUN Qingzhong zheng yuanchuan YANG Zhusen LI Wei HUANG Kexian School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China Institute of Mineral Resources Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 China Geological Survey of Jiangsu Province Nanjing 210018 China

The Bangbu gold deposit is a large orogenic gold deposit in Tibet formed during the AlpineHimalayan collision. Ore bodies（auriferous quartz veins） are controlled by the E-W-trending Qusong-Cuogu-Zhemulang brittle-ductile shear zone. Quartz veins at the deposit can be divided into three types： pre-metallogenic hook-like quartz veins, metallogenic auriferous quartz veins, and postmetallogenic N-S quartz veins. Four stages of mineralization in the auriferous quartz veins have been identified：（1） Stage S1 quartz＋coarse-grained sulfides,（2） Stage S2 gold＋fine-grained sulfides,（3） Stage S3 quartz＋carbonates, and（4） Stage S4 quartz＋ greigite. Fluid inclusions indicate the oreforming fluid was CO_2-N_2-CH_4 rich with homogenization temperatures of 170–261°C, salinities 4.34–7.45 wt% Na Cl equivalent. δ^（18）Ofluid（3.98‰–7.18‰） and low δDV-SMOW（-90‰ to-44‰） for auriferous quartz veins suggest ore-forming fluids were mainly metamorphic in origin, with some addition of organic matter. Quartz vein pyrite has δ^（34）SV-CDT values of 1.2‰–3.6‰（an average of 2.2‰）, whereas pyrite from phyllite has δ^（34）SV-CDT 5.7‰–9.9‰（an average of 7.4‰）. Quartz vein pyrites yield 206Pb/204 Pb ratios of 18.662–18.764, 207Pb/204 Pb 15.650–15.683, and ^（208）Pb/204 Pb 38.901–39.079. These isotopic data indicate Bangbu ore-forming materials were probably derived from the Langjiexue accretionary wedge. 40Ar/39 Ar ages for sericite from auriferous sulfide-quartz veins yield a plateau age of 49.52 ± 0.52 Ma, an isochron age of 50.3 ± 0.31 Ma, suggesting that auriferous veins were formed during the main collisional period of the Tibet-Himalayan orogen（-65–41 Ma）.

关键词： fluid inclusions stable isotope Ar-Ar dating Bangbu deposit orogenic gold deposit Tibet-Himalayan orogen southern Tibet

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Source of the Ore-forming Adakitic Porphyry at the Beiya Super-large Au Deposit, Western Yangtze Craton: New Evidence from Zircon U-Pb Ages of the Amphibolite Xenoliths

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2020年第1期94卷 208-209页

作者： LIU Siqi zheng yuanchuan SHEN Yang HOU Zengqian WANG Lu WANG Zixuan State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources and School of Earth Science and ResourcesChina University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China

Objective The Beiya super-large Au-rich porphyry deposit(304 t Au,2.4 g/t Au)is located within the western Yangtze craton,to the southeast of the Sanjiang Tethyan Orogen(Fig.1).The ore-forming porphyry is adakitic,characterized by high Sr/Y and La/Yb ratios coupled with low Y and Yb contents,and is generally thought to be derived from partial melting of thickened mafic lower *** lower crust underneath the western Yangtze craton is mainly composed of ancient crust with Archean ages,juvenile crust resulting from the Neoproterozoic subduction(740–1000 Ma),and late Permian juvenile crust related to the Emeishan mantle *** lower crustal end-member has played a critical role in genesis of the Beiya ore-forming porphyry can be constrained by zircon U-Pb ages of amphibolite xenoliths hosted in the ore-forming porphyry,because these xenoliths represent direct samples of the *** this study,we present new zircon U-Pb ages of these amphibolite xenoliths to have insight into the nature of the Beiya adakitic porphyry source.

关键词： Western Yangtze Craton New Evidence from Zircon U-Pb Ages of the Amphibolite Xenoliths Source of the Ore-forming Adakitic Porphyry at the Beiya Super-large Au Deposit

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Petrogenesis and Physicochemical Conditions of Fertile Porphyry in Non-arc Porphyry Mineralization:A Case from Habo Porphyry Cu-Mo Deposits,SW China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2023年第2期97卷 469-485页

作者： ZHANG Aiping zheng yuanchuan SHEN Yang Qi Qunjia WANG Zixuan WU Changda WANG Lu School of Earth Sciences Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sanjiang Metallogeny and Resources Exploration and Utilization Kunming 650500China School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

The Habo deposit is a typical porphyry Cu-Mo deposit in the Ailaoshan–Red River metallogenic *** minerals in the Habo deposit typically occur as veins in the monzonite *** U-Pb dating suggests that the monzonite porphyry formed at 35.07±0.38 *** monzonite porphyry is characterized by high SiO_(2),Al_(2)O_(3),K_(2)O and Na_(2)O contents,with A/CNK ratios ranging from 0.97 to *** samples exhibit fractionated REE patterns,characterized by high(La/Yb)N ratios(9.4–13.6,average of 11.2).They show adakite-like geochemical features,high Sr concentrations(627–751 ppm,average of 700 ppm),low Y concentrations(15.13–16.86 ppm,average of 15.81 ppm)and high Sr/Y values(39.5–47.4,average of 44.3).These samples have high initial^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr ratios(0.7074–0.7076)and negativeεNd(t)values(-5.1 to-3.7),whereas the zirconεHf(t)values range from-2.2 to+0.4,suggesting that the monzonite porphyry was derived from the partial melting of a thickened juvenile lower *** oxygen fugacity,calculated on the basis of the chemical composition of the amphiboles,shows?NNO values ranging from+1.65 to+2.16(average of 1.94)and lg(fO_(2))ranging from-12.72 to-11.99(average of-12.25),indicating that the monzonite porphyry has high oxygen *** have high Ce^(4+)/Ce^(3+)ratios(29.29–164.24,average of 84.92),with high?FMQ values ranging from+0.50 to+1.51(average of 0.87)and high lg(fO_(2))values ranging from-14.72 to-12.85(average of-14.07),which also indicates that the oxygen fugacity of the magma was *** dissolved water content of the Habo monzonite porphyry is 9.5–11.5 wt%,according to the geochemical characteristics,zircon-saturation thermometry(692–794°C)and the mineral phases(amphibole,no plagioclase)in the deep magma *** with previous studies,we propose that the high oxygen fugacity and high water content of magma played key roles in controlling the formation of the Habo and other Cu-Mo-Au deposits in the Ailaoshan–Red River metallogenic be

关键词： magmatic oxidation state water content monzonite porphyry Habo porphyry Cu-Mo deposit Ailaoshan-Red River metallogenic belt

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Hydrous Juvenile Lower Crust at the Western Yangtze Craton Margin as the Main Source of the Beiya Porphyry-skarn Au Deposit

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2022年第3期96卷 972-992页

作者： WANG Zixuan zheng yuanchuan XU Bo HOU Zengqian ZHANG Aiping SHEN Yang MA Rui WU Changda XU Peiyan State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources and School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China School of Gemmology China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China College of Resource Environment and Earth Sciences Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China

The Beiya porphyry-skarn Au deposit is one of the largest gold deposits in China,temporally and spatially associated with Eocene intrusions in a post-collisional setting in western Yunnan,*** this study,we report new whole-rock geochemistry,Sr-Nd isotope,zircon U-Pb geochronology and in situ zircon Hf-O isotopes of quartz-monzonite and biotite-monzonite porphyries from the Beiya *** porphyry-skarn mineralization at the Beiya deposit is mainly associated with the quartz monzonite porphyry(35.8±0.6 Ma),while the biotite-monzonite porphyry(34.3±0.5 Ma)represents a post-mineralization intrusion crosscutting the main orebodies and the quartz-monzonite *** intrusions have high-K and adakitic composition and are characterized by high Sr/Y ratios,high SiO_(2)and Al_(2)O_(3)concentrations(SiO_(2)=69.80-73.86 wt%;Al_(2)O_(3)=14.11-15.19 wt%),and low MgO,Cr,and Ni concentrations(MgO=0.2-1.0 wt%;Cr=1.76-11.13 ppm;Ni=2.52-11.72 ppm).Their Sr-Nd isotope compositions(^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr=0.7066-0.7077;εNd(t)=−5.3 to−1.5)are consistent with the lower crustal-derived amphibolite xenoliths(^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr=0.7060-0.7100;εNd(t)=−10.0 to 0.0),indicating that they might be derived from a thickened juvenile lower crust beneath the Yangtze *** biotite-monzonite porphyry has lower zirconδ^(18)O values of+5.3‰to+6.8‰and higherεHf(t)values of−2.3 to+5.5 than those of the quartz-monzonite porphyry withδ^(18)O values of+7.1‰to+8.2‰andεHf(t)values of−3.8 to+1.5,implying that they were derived from different parts of the lower *** Ba/La and Pb/Ce ratios suggest that the quartz-monzonite porphyry is derived from a volatiles-rich *** higher La/Yb,Sm/Yb and Dy/Yb ratios of the biotite-monzonite porphyry indicate residual garnet in the source,indicating a deeper source than that of the quartz-monzonite *** hydrous components should be represented by the amphibole-rich lithologies,which has relatively shallower depth than that of the garnet-bea

关键词： Beiya Au deposit magma fertility adakitic intrusion juvenile lower crust western Yangtze Craton

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Porphyry Cu deposits linked to episodic growth of an underlying parental magma chamber

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Science China Earth Sciences 2020年第11期63卷 1807-1816页

作者： yuanchuan zheng Lu WANG Chuandong XUE Bo XU Abdul GHAFFAR Zhusen YANG Yongjun LU Limin ZHOU William L.GRIFFIN Zengqian HOU State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources and School of Earth Science and ResourcesChina University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China ARC Centre of Excellence for Core to Crust Fluid Systems(CCFS)-GEMOC Macquarie UniversityNew South Wales 2109Australia Department of Earth Sciences Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093China Institute of Mineral Resources Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China Geological Survey of Western Australia East Perth 6004Australia Centre for Exploration Targeting and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Core to Crust Fluid Systems(CCFS) School of Earth Sciencesthe University of Western AustraliaCrawley 6009Australia National Research Centre for Geoanalysis Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China

Saindak is one of the typical porphyry Cu deposits(PCDs)in the Chagai magmatic arc in ***-forming porphyries at Saindak PCD are mainly composed of ***,we use geochemistry of apatite enclosed in plagioclase phenocrysts from the ore-forming tonalite to constrain the releasing and recharging processes of S and Cl in the underlying parental magma chamber during PCD *** apatite inclusions have homogeneous intra-grain S and Cl compositions,there is significant inter-grain S and Cl variations in apatite inclusions located from core to rim in the hosting *** inter-grain S and Cl variation in apatites are coupled with the core-to-rim trends of An,FeO and Mg contents of the hosting plagioclase *** indicates that the Saindak PCD likely formed by episodic injection of primitive magmas during the growth of an underlying magma chamber,rather than by one major injection or by addition of mafic melt derived from different source *** primitive melt injection introduced essential ore-forming materials such as S and Cl,which were rapidly and effectively released to the coexisting fluids,causing *** primitive melt injection stops,signaling the end of growth of underlying magma chamber,mineralization will cease quickly although the hydrothermal system can still survive for a long ***,the later released fluids are relatively depleted in ore-forming materials,and thus have lower capability to generate ***,predominant porphyry-type mineralizations occurred during the growth rather than waning stage of a magmatic system.

关键词： Apatite Plagioclase Episodic injection Parental magma chamber Porphyry Cu deposit

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Jurassic Hornblende Gabbros in Dongga,Eastern Gangdese,Tibet:Partial Melting of Mantle Wedge and Implications for Crustal Growth

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2017年第2期91卷 545-564页

作者： XU Bo HOU Zengqian zheng yuanchuan ZHOU Ye ZHOU Limin YANG Yu HAN Yanwei ZHEN Guo WU Changda School of Earth Science and Mineral Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 10083China Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China National Research Center for Geoanalysis Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China State Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics Institute of GeologyChina Earth quake AdministrationBeijing 100029China Kunming Foundation Engineering Company of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Kunming 654000China Department of Ocean Science and Engineering South University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenzhen518055 China

The Gangdese batholith, more than 2500 km in length, is composed mainly of JurassicMiocene igneous rocks. This batholith is one of the most important constituents of the Tibetan orogenesis and provides an ideal place for study of Neo-Tethyan ocean geodynamic evolution and plateau uplift. Recent studies on the Gangdese Jurassic felsic magmatism highlight its juvenile source. However, important aspects concerning the genesis of the juvenile magmatism and related deep geodynamic evolution are still unclear. Here, we report detailed petrological, geochronological, geochemical, whole-rock Sr-Nd isotopic, and in situ Sr-Hf isotopic data for a recently identified hornblende gabbro in the Dongga area, southern Lhasa sub-block. This hornblende gabbro is dominated by hornblende and plagioclase, dated at Early Jurassic（ca. 180–190 Ma）, and characterized by a narrow compositional range in SiO2（49.38wt%–52.27wt%）, MgO（4.08wt%–7.00wt%）, FeO（10.43wt%–11.77wt%）, Na2O（2.58wt%–3.51wt%）, and K2O（0.48wt%–1.53wt%）. It has depleted isotopic signatures, with whole-rock（87Sr/86Sr）i ratios of 0.7033–0.7043, εNd（t） values of ＋4.90 to ＋6.99, in situ plagioclase（87Sr/86Sr）i ratios of 0.7034–0.7042, and zircon εHf（t） of ＋12.2 to ＋16.8. Our results integrated with published data suggest a model of Gangdese juvenile crustal growth by a subduction-related water-enriched mantle wedge. The hydrous partial melting of the lithosphere mantle was triggered by the dehydration of a Neo-Tethyan oceanic slab. This mafic magmatism emplaced in the middle-lower crust of intraoceanic arcs or active continental margins, leading to Jurassic juvenile crustal growth in southern Tibet.

关键词： crustal growth zircon U-Pb age mantle water-enriched Gangdese belt Tibet Proto-Tethys

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Lithosphere architecture characterized by crust±mantle decoupling controls the formation of orogenic gold deposits

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National Science Review 2023年第3期10卷 77-91页

作者： Zengqian Hou Qingfei Wang Haijiang Zhang Bo Xu Nian Yu Rui Wang David I.Groves yuanchuan zheng Shoucheng Han Lei Gao Lin Yang Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences(Beijing) School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of China School of Electrical Engineering Chongqing University Centre for Exploration Targeting University of Western Australia

This study,via combined analysis of geophysical and geochemical data,reveals a lithospheric architecture characterized by crust-mantle decoupling and vertical heat-flow conduits that control orogenic gold mineralization in the Ailaoshan gold belt on the southeastern margin of *** mantle seismic tomography indicates that the crust-mantle decoupled deformation,defined from previous seismic anisotropy analysis,was formed by upwelling and lateral flow of the asthenosphere,driven by deep sub duction of the Indian continent,Our magnetotelluric and seismic images show both a vertical conductor across the Moho and high Vp/Vs anomalies both in the uppermost mantle and lowest crust,suggesting that crust-mantle decoupling promotes ponding of mantle-derived basic melts at the base of the crust via a heat-flow *** gas isotope and halogen ratios of gold-related ore minerals indicate a mantle source of ore fluid.A rapid decrease in Cl/F ratios of lamprophyres under conditions of 1.2 GPa and1050 ℃ suggests that the ore fluid was derived from degassing of the basic *** lithospheric architecture is recognized in other orogenic gold provinces,implying analogous formational controls.

关键词： crust–mantle decoupling lithosphere architecture orogenic gold deposit seismic tomography magnetotelluric imaging Tibet

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