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Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharides attenuated colitis via regulating gut microbiota mediated colonic NLRP3/ASC/Caspase-1/GSDMD signaling pathway

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： zhong-Yu yuan Xin-Yu wang Jun wang yuan Xu Jing Chen Shu-Qi Yu zhi-Ming Chen Pei-Lu Chen Ji-Xiao z.u Wei-Feng Huang Guang-Hui Xu Li-Tao Yi Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering， College of Chemical Engineering， Huaqiao university Xiamen Medicine Research Institute Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Ethnic Medicine， Jiangxi university of Chinese Medicine Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology， The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen university， Xiamen university Institute of Pharmaceutical Engineering， Huaqiao university Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology， Huaqiao university

Polygonatum sibiricum has long been a popular functional food in Asia， known for its anti-inflammatory properties. However， its efficacy in alleviating colitis has yet to be investigated. This study aimed to explore the therapeutic potential of Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharides (PSP) in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis， focusing on the related pyroptosis mechanisms. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis showed that PSP possesses a smooth surface with no pore structure and a dense， lamellar structure adorned with numerous spherical entities. PSP treatment significantly reduced colitis symptoms and decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines， likely through suppression of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Additionally， PSP attenuated NLRP3/ASC/Caspase-1/GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis and mitochondria damage in the colon， while enhanced the expression of tight junction and adherens junction proteins. Microbiota sequencing showed that PSP increased the abundance of phylum Bacteroidota and genus such as Muribaculaceae， Lactobacillus， Clostridia， and Lachnospiraceae， while decreased the phylum Proteobacteria and the genus Enterobacter， Escherichia-Shigella， and Blautia. In conclusion， this study demonstrates that PSP exerts the potential therapeutic role against colitis， which was mediated by the regulation of gut microbiota and the inhibition of colonic NLRP3/ASC/Caspase-1/GSDMD signaling pathway.

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Recent progress and strategies of cathodes toward polysulfides shuttle restriction for lithium-sulfur batteries

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4132-4161页

作者： Xing-You Rao Shuang-Fei Xiang Jian zhou zhen zhang Xiang-Yu Xu yuan-yuan Xu Xin-Chi zhou zheng-Dao Pan Su-Chong Tan Shi-Xing Dong zhou-Lu wang Yu-Tong Wu Yun-Lei zhou Xiang Liu Yi zhang Shan Jiang School of Energy Sciences and Engineering Nanjing Tech University School of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute of Smart Fiber Materials Zhejiang Sci-Tech University JiangSu Sailboat Petrochemical Co. Ltd Hangzhou Institute of Technology Xidian University

Lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs) have already developed into one of the most promising new-generation high-energy density electrochemical energy storage systems with outstanding features including high-energy density, low cost, and environmental friendliness. However, the development and commercialization path of LSBs still presents significant limitations and challenges, particularly the notorious shuttle effect triggered by soluble longchain lithium polysulfides(LiPSs), which inevitably leads to low utilization of cathode active sulfur and high battery capacity degradation, short cycle life, etc. Substantial research efforts have been conducted to develop various sulfur host materials capable of effectively restricting the shuttle effect. This review firstly introduces the fundamental electrochemical aspects of LSBs, followed by a comprehensive analysis of the mechanism underlying the shuttle effect in Li–S batteries and its profound influence on various battery components as well as the overall battery performance. Subsequently, recent advances and strategies are systematically reviewed, including physical confinement, chemisorption, and catalytic conversion of sulfur hosts for restricting LiPSs shuttle effects. The interplay mechanisms of sulfur hosts and LiPSs are discussed in detail and the structural advantages of different host materials are highlighted. Furthermore, key insights for the rational design of advanced host materials for LSBs are provided, and the upcoming challenges and the prospects for sulfur host materials in lithium-sulfur batteries are also explored.

关键词： Host Lithium-sulfur batteries Polysulfides Shuttle effect

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Renewable biomass reinvigorates sustainable water-energy nexus

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Science Bulletin 2024年第16期69卷 2543-2554页

作者： Hongxu Chen Jiatao Xu zhiyong Jason Ren Hailong Lin Leli zhang EReaihan Yanhao yuan zihan wang zhidan Liu Laboratory of Environment-Enhancing Energy(E2E) College of Water Resources and Civil EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100083China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Princeton UniversityPrinceton NJ 08544USA Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment Princeton UniversityPrinceton NJ 08544USA Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering Columbia UniversityNew York NY 10027USA State Key Laboratory of Efficient utilization of Agricultural Water Resources Beijing 100083China

The water-energy nexus has garnered worldwide *** dual-functional research aimed at coproducing freshwater and electricity faces significant challenges,including sub-optimal capacities("1+1unctional coordination,high carbon footprints,and large *** water-toelectricity conversions are often compromised owing to functionality separation and erratic ***,we present a sustainable strategy based on renewable biomass that addresses these issues by jointly achieving competitive solar-evaporative desalination and robust clean electricity *** hydrothermally activated basswood,our solar desalination exceeded the 100% efficiency bottleneck even under reduced solar *** simple size-tuning,we achieved a high evaporation rate of 3.56 kg h^(-1)m^(-2)and an efficiency of 149.1%,representing 128%-251% of recent values without sophisticated surface *** incorporating an electron-ion nexus with interfacial Faradaic electron circulation and co-ion-predominated micro-tunnel hydrodynamic flow,we leveraged free energy from evaporation to generate long-term electricity(0.38 W m^(-3)for over 14 d),approximately 322% of peer performance *** inter-functional nexus strengthened dual functionalities and validated general engineering *** presented strategy holds significant promise for global human–society–environment sustainability.

关键词： Biomass Water-energy nexus Solar desalination Clean energy Hydrothermal carbonization Sustainable development

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IDH1 mutation inhibits differentiation of astrocytes and glioma cells with low oxoglutarate dehydrogenase expression by disturbingα-ketoglutarate-related metabolism and epigenetic modification

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Life Metabolism 2024年第2期3卷 24-37页

作者： yuanlin zhao Ying Yang Risheng Yang Chao Sun Xing Gao Xiwen Gu yuan yuan Yating Nie Shenhui Xu Ruili Han Lijun zhang Jing Li Peizhen Hu Yingmei wang Huangtao Chen Xiangmei Cao Jing Wu zhe wang Yu Gu Jing Ye State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers Department of PathologyXijing Hospital and School of Basic MedicineFourth Military Medical UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710032China Department of Pathology Air Force Hospital of Southern Theater CommandGuangzhouGuangdong 510000China Department of Neurology Tangdu HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710038China Department of Clinical Diagnosis Tangdu HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710038China Department of Neurosurgery the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710004China Department of Pathology School of Basic Medical SciencesNingxia Medical UniversityYinchuanNingxia 750004China Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Instrument for Life Science The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of EducationSchool of Life Science and TechnologyXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710049China

Isocitrate dehydrogenase(IDH)mutations frequently occur in lower-grade gliomas and secondary *** IDHs exhibit a gain-of-function activity,leading to the production of D-2-hydroxyglutarate(D-2HG)by reducingα-ketoglutarate(α-KG),a central player in metabolism and epigenetic ***,the role ofα-KG homeostasis in IDH-mutated gliomagenesis remains *** this study,we found that low expression of oxoglutarate dehydrogenase(OGDH)was a common feature in IDH-mutated gliomas,***α-***,IDH1 mutation significantly reducedα-KG levels and increased glutaminolysis and DNA/histone methylation in *** metabolic and epigenetic alterations inhibited astrocyte maturation and led to cortical dysplasia in ***,our results also indicated that reduced OGDH expression can promote the differentiation of glioma cells,while IDH1 mutations impeded the differentiation of glioma cells with low OGDH by reducing the accumulation ofα-KG and increasing ***,we found that l-glutamine increasedα-KG levels and augmented the differentiation-promoting effects of AGI5198,an IDH1-mutant inhibitor,in IDH1-mutant glioma ***,this study reveals that low OGDH expression is a crucial metabolic characteristic of IDH-mutant gliomas,providing a potential strategy for the treatment of IDH-mutant gliomas by targetingα-KG homeostasis.

关键词： α-ketoglutarate IDH1 mutation OGDH l-glutamine gliomas

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An improved YOLOv7 for the state identification of sliding chairs in railway turnout

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High-Speed Railway 2024年第2期2卷 71-76页

作者： yuan Cao zongbao Liu Feng wang Shuai Su Yongkui Sun Wenkun wang National Engineering Research Center of Rail Transportation Operation and Control System Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China School of Automation and Intelligence Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China Frontiers Science Center for Smart High-speed Railway System Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China z.uzhou CRRC Times Electric Co. LTD.Zhuzhou 412001China

The sliding chairs are important components that support the switch rail conversion in the railway *** to the harsh environmental erosion and the attack from the wheel vibration,the failure rate of the sliding chairs accounts for up to 10%of the total failure number in ***,there is little research carried out in the existing literature to diagnose the deterioration states of the sliding *** fill out this gap,by utilizing the images containing the sliding chairs,we propose an improved You Only Look Once version 7(YOLOv7)to identify the state of the sliding ***,to meet the challenge brought by the small inter-class differences among the sliding chair states,we first integrate the Convolutional Block Attention Module(CBAM)into the YOLOv7 backbone to screen the information conducive to state ***,an extra detector for a small object is customized into the YOLOv7 network in order to detect the small-scale sliding chairs in ***,we revise the localization loss in the objective function as the Efficient Intersection over union(EIou)to optimize the design of the aspect ratio,which helps the localization of the sliding ***,to address the issue caused by the varying scales of the sliding chairs,we employ K-means++to optimize the priori selection of the initial anchor ***,based on the images collected from real-world turnouts,the proposed method is verified and the results show that our method outperforms the basic YOLOv7 in the state identification of the sliding chairs with 4%improvements in terms of both mean Average Precision@0.5(mAP@0.5)and F1-score.

关键词： Railway turnout Sliding chairs State identification Object detection

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Deficiency of circadian gene Per2 blocks luteolin-induced adipocyte browning in mice through weakening liver PPARα/RXRα/FGF21 pathway

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Shanshan Shui Juan Chen Yan Lin Jingjing yuan Xin wang Xian zhang Jian Liu Lei zheng Engineering Research Center of Bio-process， Ministry of Education， Hefei university of Technology Key Laboratory of Health Risk Factors for Seafood of zhejiang Province， College of Food Science and Pharmacy， zhejiang Ocean university School of Food and Biological Engineering， Hefei university of Technology

During the development of diet-induced obesity， the change of energy matebolism is closely related to the function of the circadian clock in mammals. Luteolin (Lu)， one of the most common natural flavonoids riched in many edible plants， can ameliorate obesity by activating adipose tissue browning， but its effect on circadian clock in this process remains poorly understood. Here we found that dietary Lu improved circadian misalignment of energy expenditure in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed wild-type (WT) mice. Moreover， dietary Lu efficiently elevated uCP1 levels in adipose tissue during the dark period， which was similar to the Lu-increased hepatic PER2 expressions. Hepatic PPARα/RXRα/FGF21 pathway was rhythmically elevated by dietary Lu in HFD-fed WT mice， whereas the promotion was inhibited in Per2-/-mice. Meanwhile， Per2 deletion abolished the effects of dietary Lu on adipose tissue browning in HFD-fed mice. Further， Lu treatment directly activated PPARα/RXRα/FGF21 signaling in primary cultured hepatocytes from WT mice rather than Per2-/-mice. Taken together， the deletion of the core clock component Per2 impedes Lu-induced adipose tissue browning through weakening PPARα/RXRα/FGF21 pathway in mice， providing a new insight into the interplay of energy metabolism and circadian clock for the anti-obesity activity of Lu.

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A seismic elastic moduli module for the measurements of low-frequency wave dispersion and attenuation of fluid-saturated rocks under different pressures

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Petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 162-181页

作者： Yan-Xiao He Shang-Xu wang Gen-Yang Tang Chao Sun Hong-Bing Li San-Yi yuan Xian Wei Li-Deng Gan Xiao-Feng Dai Qiang Ge Peng-Peng Wei Hui-Qing zhang National Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering CNPC Key Lab of Geophysical ExplorationCollege of GeophysicsChina University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing102249China School of Resources and Geosciences China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou221116JiangsuChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development CNPCBeijing100083China Beijing Vocational College of Labour and Social Security Beijing100029China PetroChina Dagang Oilfield Exploration and Development Research Institute CNPCTianjin300280China

Knowledge about the seismic elastic modulus dispersion,and associated attenuation,in fluid-saturated rocks is essential for better interpretation of seismic observations taken as part of hydrocarbon identification and time-lapse seismic surveillance of both conventional and unconventional reservoir and overburden performances.A Seismic Elastic Moduli Module has been developed,based on the forced-oscillations method,to experimentally investigate the frequency dependence of Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio,as well as the inferred attenuation,of cylindrical samples under different confining pressure *** with three standard samples showed that the measured elastic moduli were consistent with the published data,indicating that the new apparatus can operate reliably over a wide frequency range of f∈[1-2000,10^(6)]*** Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio of the shale and the tight sandstone samples were measured under axial stress oscillations to assess the frequency-and pressure-dependent *** dry condition,both samples appear to be nearly frequency independent,with weak pressure dependence for the shale and significant pressure dependence for the *** particular,it was found that the tight sandstone with complex pore microstructure exhibited apparent dispersion and attenuation under brine or glycerin saturation conditions,the levels of which were strongly influenced by the increased effective *** addition,the measured Young's moduli results were compared with the theoretical predictions from a scaled poroelastic model with a reasonably good agreement,revealing that the combined fluid flow mechanisms at both mesoscopic and microscopic scales possibly responsible for the measured dispersion.

关键词： Low-frequency measurements Dispersion and attenuation Rock physics Fluid flow

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Broadband intelligent programmable metasurface with polarization-modulated self-adaptive electromagnetic functionality switching

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Photonics Research 2024年第7期12卷 1395-1409页

作者： XIMING LI RuI Xu XIAOFENG SuN yuan zHAO zHAO YANG GuOHONG Du College of Electronic Engineering Chengdu University of Information TechnologyChengdu 610225China

Programmable metasurfaces have received a great deal of attention due to their ability to dynamically manipulate electromagnetic(EM) waves. Despite the rapid growth, most of the existing metasurfaces require manual control to switch among different functionalities, which poses severe limitations on practical applications. Here, we put forth an intelligent metasurface that has self-adaptive EM functionality switching in broadband without human participation. It is equipped with polarization discrimination antennas(PDAs) and feedback components to automatically adjust functionalities for the different incident polarization information.

关键词： equipped adjust polarization

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A novel immiscible high entropy alloy strengthened via L1_(2)-nanoprecipitate

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Journal of Central South university 2024年第6期31卷 1808-1822页

作者： wang zheng-qin FAN Ming-yu zHANG Yang LI Jun-peng LIu Li-yuan HAN Ji-hong LI Xing-hao zHANG zhong-wu Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology Ministry of EducationCollege of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Engineering UniversityHarbin 150001China

The low-cost Fe-Cu,Fe-Ni,and Cu-based high-entropy alloys exhibit a widespread utilization ***,these potential applications have been limited by their low *** this study,a novel Fe_(31)Cu_(31)Ni_(28)Al_(4)Ti_(3)Co_(3) immiscible high-entropy alloy(HEA)was *** vacuum arc melting and copper mold suction casting,this HEA exhibits a unique phase separation microstructure,which consists of striped Cu-rich regions and Fe-rich *** magnification of the striped Cu-rich region reveals that it is composed of a Cu-rich dot-like phase and a Fe-rich *** aging alloy is further strengthened by a L1_(2)-Ni_(3)(AlTi)nanoprecipitates,achieving excellent yield strength(1185 MPa)and uniform ductility(~8.8%).The differential distribution of the L1_(2) nanoprecipitate in the striped Cu-rich region and the external Fe-rich region increased the strength difference between these two regions,which increased the strain gradient and thus improved hetero-deformation induced(HDI)*** work provides a new route to improve the HDI hardening of Fe-Cu alloys.

关键词： heterogeneous microstructure precipitation strengthening high-entropy alloy phase separation mechanical property

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Probing quantum causality with geometric asymmetry in spatial-temporal correlations

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第9期67卷 294-305页

作者： Yu MENG zheng-Hao LIu zhikuan zHAO Peng YIN Yi-Tao wang Wei LIu zhi-Peng LI yuan-ze YANG zhao-An wang Jin-Shi Xu Shang Yu Jian-Shun TANG Chuan-Feng LI Guang-Can GuO CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information University of Science and Technology of China CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of China Department of Computer Science Eidgen?ssische Technische Hochschule Zürich Hefei National Laboratory Department of Physics Imperial College London Research Center for Quantum Sensing Zhejiang Lab

Causation promotes the understanding of correlation to an advanced stage by elucidating its underlying mechanism. Although statisticians have specified the possible causal relations among correlations,inferring causal structures is impossible from only the observed correlations in the classical world. Quantum correlations encapsulating the most defining aspects of quantum physics have taken a new turn for the causal inference problem — the two-point spatial and temporal quantum correlations with observationally discernible characteristics correspond exactly to the two most basic causal structures. However, a direct causal interpretation for quantum correlations has only been established in very limited cases. Here, we explore to what extent quantum correlations promote causal inference. Theoretically, we have found that the distinguishable causal regime of two-point Pauli correlations can be expanded from a single value to an asymmetric interval, and the causal structures determining the quantum correlations can be interpreted by a simple distance criterion. Experimentally, we have devised and implemented a versatile non-unital quantum channel in an optical architecture to directly observe such an asymmetric interval. The setup enabled quantum causal inference without any requirement of active intervention, which is impossible in the classical realm. Our work facilitates the identification of causal links among quantum variables and provides insight into characterizing causation and spatial-temporal correlation in quantum mechanics.

关键词： causality quantum information quantum channel channel-state duality non-unital channel

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