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Possibilities and challenges of expanding dimensions of waterway downstream of Three Gorges Dam

Water Science and Engineering 2019年第2期12卷 136-144页

作者： Tao Yan Yun-ping Yang Yi-bing Li yuan-fang chai Xiao-bing Cheng Key Laboratory of Yellow River Sediment Research Ministry of Water ResourcesZhengzhou 450003China Key Laboratory of Engineering Sediment Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport EngineeringMinistry of TransportTianjin 300456China State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China

The waterway in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River has long been known as the Golden Waterway and has served as an important link in the construction of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.Therefore,expanding its dimensions is a significant goal,particularly given the long-range cumulative erosion occurring downstream of the Three Gorges Dam (TGD),which has been concentrated in the dry river channel.With the regulation of the volume from upstream reservoirs and the TGD,the minimum discharge and water level of the river downstream are increasing,and creating favorable conditions for the increase of the depth of the waterway.The discharge compensation effect during the dry season offsets the decline in the water level of the river channel caused by the down-cutting of part of the riverbed,but the minimum navigable water level of the segment near the dam still shows a declining trend.In recent years,several waterway remediation projects have been implemented in the downstream reaches of the TGD and although the waterway depth and width have been increased,the channel dimensions are still insufficient in the Yichang-Anqing reach (with a total length of 1026 km),as compared to the upstream reservoir area and the deep water channel in the downstream tidal reaches.A comprehensive analysis of the water depth and the number and length of shoals in the waterway indicates that its dimensions can be increased to 4.5 m ×200 m and 6.0 m×200 m in the Yichang-Wuhan and Wuhan-Anqing reaches,respectively.This is also feasible given the remediation technologies currently available,but remediation projects need to be coordinated with those for flood prevention and ecological protection.

关键词： Waterway dimension Condition analysis Three Gorges Project Yichang-Anqing reach Yangtze River

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Optoelectronic Synapses Based on MXene/Violet Phosphorus van der Waals Heterojunctions for Visual‑Olfactory Crossmodal Perception

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第6期16卷 38-52页

作者： Hailong Ma Huajing fang Xinxing Xie Yanming Liu He Tian Yang chai Center for Advancing Materials Performance From the Nanoscale(CAMP‑Nano) State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of MaterialsXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049People’s Republic of China Institute of Microelectronics and Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology(BNRist) Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China Department of Applied Physics The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongPeople’s Republic of China

The crossmodal interaction of different senses,which is an important basis for learning and memory in the human brain,is highly desired to be mimicked at the device level for developing neuromorphic crossmodal perception,but related researches are scarce.Here,we demonstrate an optoelectronic synapse for vision-olfactory crossmodal perception based on MXene/violet phosphorus(VP)van der Waals heterojunctions.Benefiting from the efficient separation and transport of photogenerated carriers facilitated by conductive MXene,the photoelectric responsivity of VP is dramatically enhanced by 7 orders of magnitude,reaching up to 7.7 A W^(−1).Excited by ultraviolet light,multiple synaptic functions,including excitatory postsynaptic currents,pairedpulse facilitation,short/long-term plasticity and“learning-experience”behavior,were demonstrated with a low power consumption.Furthermore,the proposed optoelectronic synapse exhibits distinct synaptic behaviors in different gas environments,enabling it to simulate the interaction of visual and olfactory information for crossmodal perception.This work demonstrates the great potential of VP in optoelectronics and provides a promising platform for applications such as virtual reality and neurorobotics.

关键词： Violet phosphorus MXene Van der Waals heterojunctions Optoelectronic synapses Crossmodal perception

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Photonic neuromorphic architecture for tens-of-task lifelong learning

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第3期13卷 519-530页

作者： yuan Cheng Jianing Zhang Tiankuang Zhou Yuyan Wang Zhihao Xu Xiaoyun yuan Lu fang Sigma Laboratory Department of Electronic EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology(BNRist) Beijing 100084China Institute for Brain and Cognitive Science Tsinghua University(THUIBCS)Beijing 100084China

Scalable,high-capacity,and low-power computing architecture is the primary assurance for increasingly manifold and large-scale machine learning tasks.Traditional electronic artificial agents by conventional power-hungry processors have faced the issues of energy and scaling walls,hindering them from the sustainable performance improvement and iterative multi-task learning.Referring to another modality of light,photonic computing has been progressively applied in high-efficient neuromorphic systems.Here,we innovate a reconfigurable lifelong-learning optical neural network(L2 ONN),for highly-integrated tens-of-task machine intelligence with elaborated algorithm-hardware codesign.Benefiting from the inherent sparsity and parallelism in massive photonic connections,L2 ONN learns each single task by adaptively activating sparse photonic neuron connections in the coherent light field,while incrementally acquiring expertise on various tasks by gradually enlarging the activation.The multi-task optical features are parallelly processed by multi-spectrum representations allocated with different wavelengths.Extensive evaluations on freespace and on-chip architectures confirm that for the first time,L2 ONN avoided the catastrophic forgetting issue of photonic computing,owning versatile skills on challenging tens-of-tasks(vision classification,voice recognition,medical diagnosis,etc.)with a single model.Particularly,L2 ONN achieves more than an order of magnitude higher efficiency than the representative electronic artificial neural networks,and 14×larger capacity than existing optical neural networks while maintaining competitive performance on each individual task.The proposed photonic neuromorphic architecture points out a new form of lifelong learning scheme,permitting terminal/edge AI systems with light-speed efficiency and unprecedented scalability.

关键词： life neural versatile

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Research on Hepatocyte Regulation of PCSK9-LDLR and Its Related Drug Targets

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第7期30卷 664-672页

作者： LIU Su-su YU Tong QIAO Yan-fang GU Shu-xiao chai Xin-lou School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Beijing University of Chinese Medicine

The prevalence of hyperlipidemia has increased significantly due to genetic, dietary, nutritional and pharmacological factors, and has become one of the most common pathological conditions in humans. Hyperlipidemia can lead to a range of diseases such as atherosclerosis, stroke, coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, diabetes, and kidney failure, etc. High circulating low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) is one of the causes of hyperlipidemia. LDL-C in the blood binds to LDL receptor(LDLR) and regulates cholesterol homeostasis through endocytosis. In contrast, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9(PCSK9) mediates LDLR degradation via the intracellular and extracellular pathways, leading to hyperlipidemia. Targeting PCSK9-synthesizing transcription factors and downstream molecules are important for development of new lipid-lowering drugs. Clinical trials regarding PCSK9 inhibitors have demonstrated a reduction in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease events. The purpose of this review was to explore the target and mechanism of intracellular and extracellular pathways in degradation of LDLR and related drugs by PCSK9 in order to open up a new pathway for the development of new lipid-lowering drugs.

关键词： hyperlipidemia proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 low-density lipoprotein receptor intracellular pathway extracellular pathway

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Data-driven discovery of linear dynamical systems from noisy data

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 121-129页

作者： WANG YaSen yuan Ye fang HuaZhen DING Han School of Mechanical Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China State Key Lab of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Department of Mechanical Engineering University of KansasLawrence 66045USA

In modern science and engineering disciplines,data-driven discovery methods play a fundamental role in system modeling,as data serve as the external representations of the intrinsic mechanisms within systems.However,empirical data contaminated by process and measurement noise remain a significant obstacle for this type of modeling.In this study,we have developed a data-driven method capable of directly uncovering linear dynamical systems from noisy data.This method combines the Kalman smoothing and sparse Bayesian learning to decouple process and measurement noise under the expectation-maximization framework,presenting an analytical method for alternate state estimation and system identification.Furthermore,the discovered model explicitly characterizes the probability distribution of process and measurement noise,as they are essential for filtering,smoothing,and stochastic control.We have successfully applied the proposed algorithm to several simulation systems.Experimental results demonstrate its potential to enable linear dynamical system discovery in practical applications where noise-free data are intractable to capture.

关键词： system identification sparse Bayesian learning Kalman smoothing process and measurement noise

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Photocatalytic synthesis of small-molecule drugs by porous framework materials

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第3期35卷 52-65页

作者： Yingying Zhao Jiangpei yuan Lei Zhu Yu fang State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha 410082China Innovation Institute of Industrial Design and Machine Intelligence Quanzhou-Hunan University Quanzhou 362801China

Small-molecule drugs are widely used in daily life.There are still issues with the current industrial synthesis techniques for small-molecule drugs,such as the use of expensive metal catalysts,convoluted reaction processes,and non-recyclable catalysts.The benefits of photocatalytic organic synthesis over conventional techniques are mild conditions,environmental friendliness,and great selectivity.Porous framework materials can precisely modulate catalytic sites'electronic state and ligand structure to improve photocatalytic performance.In particular,MOFs,COFs and PCCs based photocatalysts have received extensive research interest due to their unique morphology,structural adjustability,high photocatalytic performance,unique recyclability,excellent chemical stability,easy synthesis and low cost.Therefore,a key area for future research is the development of porous framework materials as photocatalysts for the synthesis of small-molecule drugs or drug precursors.

关键词： Small-molecule drug Porous framework materials Photocatalysis

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Regulation of AMPK activation by extracellular matrix stiffness in pancreatic cancer

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 338-350页

作者： Xin Xu yuan fang Somaira Nowsheen Ye-Xiong Li Zhenkun Lou Min Deng State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Department of Radiation Oncology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China Department of General Surgery Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghai 200080China Department of General Surgery Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Department of Dermatology University of California San DiegoSan DiegoCA 92093USA Department of Oncology Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905USA

The adenosine monophosphate(AMP)-activated protein kinase(AMPK)sits at a cen-tral node in the regulation of energy metabolism and tumor progression.AMPK is best known to sense high cellular ADP or AMP levels,which indicate the depletion of energy stores.Previous studies have shown that the low expression of phosphorylated AMPK is associated with a poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer.In this study,we report that AMPK is also highly sensitive to extracellular matrix(ECM)stiffness.We found that AMPK is activated in cells when cultured under low ECM stiffness conditions and is functionally required for the metabolic switch induced by ECM stiffness.This regulation of AMPK requires the Hippo kinases but not LKB1/CaMKKp.Hippo kinases directly phosphorylate AMPKa at Thr172 to activate AMPK at low ECM stiffness.Furthermore,we found AMPK activity is inhibited in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)with high ECM stiffness and is associated with a poor survival outcome.The activation of Hippo kinases by ROCK inhibitor Y-27632 in combination with the mitochondrial inhibitor metformin synergistically activates AMPK and dramatically inhibits PDAC growth.Together,these findings establish a novel model for AMPK regulation by the mechanical properties of ECMs and provide a rationale for simultaneously targeting the ECM stiffness-Hippo kinases-AMPK signaling and low glucose-LKB1-AMPK signaling pathways as an effective therapeutic strategy against PDAC.

关键词： AMPKactivity Cellularmetabolic switch ECM stiffness Hippokinase signaling Pancreaticductal adenocarcinoma

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Timing theory integrated nursing combined behavior change integrated theory of nursing on primiparous influence

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第2期12卷 293-301页

作者： Yan-Xia He Yang Lv Ting-Ting Lan fang Deng yuan-yuan Zhang Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Wuhan Children’s HospitalWuhan 430015Hubei ProvinceChina Center for Reproductive Medicine Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySichuan Provincial People's HospitalSchool of MedicineUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610072Sichuan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND The comprehension and utilization of timing theory and behavior change can offer a more extensive and individualized provision of support and treatment alternatives for primipara.This has the potential to enhance the psychological well-being and overall quality of life for primipara,while also furnishing healthcare providers with efficacious interventions to tackle the psychological and physiological obstacles encountered during the stages of pregnancy and postpartum.AIM To explore the effect of timing theory combined with behavior change on selfefficacy,negative emotions and quality of life in patients with primipara.METHODS A total of 80 primipara cases were selected and admitted to our hospital between August 2020 and May 2022.These cases were divided into two groups,namely the observation group and the control group,with 40 cases in each group.The nursing interventions differed between the two groups,with the control group receiving routine nursing and the observation group receiving integrated nursing based on the timing theory and behavior change.The study aimed to compare the pre-and post-nursing scores of Chinese Perceived Stress Scale(CPSS),Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale(EPDS),Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),breast milk knowledge,self-efficacy,and SF-36 quality of life in both groups.RESULTS After nursing,the CPSS,EPDS,and SAS scores of the two groups was significantly lower than that before nursing,and the CPSS,EPDS,and SAS scores of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P=0.002,P=0.011,and P=0.001 respectively).After nursing,the breastfeeding knowledge mastery,selfefficacy,and SF-36 quality of life scores was significantly higher than that before nursing,and the breastfeeding knowledge mastery(P=0.013),self-efficacy(P=0.008),and SF-36 quality of life(P=0.011)scores of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group.CONCLUSION The integration of timing theory and behavior change integrated theory has been found to be a

关键词： Timing theory Behavior change Primipara Bad mood Quality of life

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Clinical nursing value of predictive nursing in reducing complications of pregnant women undergoing short-term massive blood transfusion during cesarean section

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第1期12卷 51-58页

作者： Li Cheng Li-Ping Li yuan-yuan Zhang fang Deng Ting-Ting Lan Department of Obstertrics Wuhan Third HospitalWuhan 430000Hubei ProvinceChina Department of Gynaecology Wuhan No.1 HospitalWuHan 430030Hubei ProvinceChina Center for Reproductive Medicine Department of Obstetrics and GynecologySichuan Provincial People's HospitalSchool of MedicineUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610072Sichuan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Cesarean hemorrhage is one of the serious complications,and short-term massive blood transfusion can easily cause postoperative infection and physical stress response.However,predictive nursing intervention has important clinical significance for it.AIM To explore the effect of predictive nursing intervention on the stress response and complications of women undergoing short-term mass blood transfusion during cesarean section(CS).METHODS A clinical medical record of 100 pregnant women undergoing rapid mass blood transfusion during sections from June 2019 to June 2021.According to the different nursing methods,patients divided into control group(n=50)and observation group(n=50).Among them,the control group implemented routine nursing,and the observation group implemented predictive nursing intervention based on the control group.Moreover,compared the differences in stress res-ponse,complications,and pain scores before and after the nursing of pregnant women undergoing rapid mass blood transfusion during CS.RESULTS The anxiety and depression scores of pregnant women in the two groups were significantly improved after nursing,and the psychological stress response of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).The heart rate and mean arterial pressure(MAP)of the observation group during delivery were lower than those of the control group,and the MAP at the end of delivery was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).Moreover,different pain scores improved significantly in both groups,with the observation group considerably less than the control group(P<0.05).After nursing,complications such as skin rash,urinary retention,chills,diarrhea,and anaphylactic shock in the observation group were 18%,which significantly higher than in the control group(4%)(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Predictive nursing intervention can effectively relieve the pain,reduce the incidence of complications,improve mood and stress response,and serve as a reference value for the nursing of women underg

关键词： Predictive care Rapid mass blood transfusion Cesarean section Stress response Complications

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Characterization of blueberry exosome-like nanoparticles and miRNAs with potential cross-kingdom human gene targets

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第2期13卷 869-878页

作者： Yangfan Leng Liubin Yang Siyi Pan Leilei Zhan fang yuan College of Food Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Hubei Key Laboratory of Fruit&Vegetable Processing&Quality Control Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Wuhan GeneCreate Biological Engineering Co. Ltd.Wuhan 430070China

Edible plant derived exosome-like nanoparticles(ELNs)have been shown to have multiple nutraceutical functions.However,the diversity of plant materials makes the plant derived ELN study challenging.More efforts are still needed to explore the feasible isolation methods of edible plant derived ELNs and the possible roles of food-derived ELNs in improving human health.In this study,a size exclusion chromatography based method was compared with the traditional ultracentrifugation method to isolate blueberry derived ELNs(B-ELNs),and the miRNA profile of B-ELNs was analyzed by high-throughput sequencing.A total of 36 miRNAs were found to be enriched in B-ELNs compared with berry tissue,and their potential cross-kingdom human gene targets were further predicted.Results showed that size exclusion chromatography was effective for B-ELN isolation.The most abundant miRNAs in B-ELNs mainly belonged to the miR166 family and miR396 family.Target gene prediction indicated that B-ELNs could potentially regulate pathways related to the human digestive system,immune system and infectious diseases.

关键词： Edible plant derived exosomes-like nanoparticles Size exclusion chromatography miRNA Target gene prediction Blueberry

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