High electroactivity and good mechanical robustness of electrode materials are essential to deliver excellent elec-trochemical energy storage ***,metal–organic frameworks(MOF)derived mixed metal oxides(MMO,ZnO@NiO an...
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High electroactivity and good mechanical robustness of electrode materials are essential to deliver excellent elec-trochemical energy storage ***,metal–organic frameworks(MOF)derived mixed metal oxides(MMO,ZnO@NiO and Co_(3)O_(4)@NiO)are prepared by a two-step annealing process in ***-based MOF(ZIF-8)and cobalt-based MOF(ZIF-67)were employed,respec-tively,as hard templates for the chemical encapsulation of Ni(OH)_(2)nanostructures by hydrothermal synthesis.
Existing semi-supervisedmedical image segmentation algorithms use copy-paste data augmentation to correct the labeled-unlabeled data distribution ***,current copy-paste methods have three limitations:(1)training the m...
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Existing semi-supervisedmedical image segmentation algorithms use copy-paste data augmentation to correct the labeled-unlabeled data distribution ***,current copy-paste methods have three limitations:(1)training the model solely with copy-paste mixed pictures from labeled and unlabeled input loses a lot of labeled information;(2)low-quality pseudo-labels can cause confirmation bias in pseudo-supervised learning on unlabeled data;(3)the segmentation performance in low-contrast and local regions is less than *** design a Stochastic Augmentation-Based Dual-Teaching Auxiliary Training Strategy(SADT),which enhances feature diversity and learns high-quality features to overcome these *** be more precise,SADT trains the Student Network by using pseudo-label-based training from Teacher Network 1 and supervised learning with labeled data,which prevents the loss of rare labeled *** introduce a bi-directional copy-pastemask with progressive high-entropy filtering to reduce data distribution disparities and mitigate confirmation bias in *** the mixed images,Deep-Shallow Spatial Contrastive Learning(DSSCL)is proposed in the feature spaces of Teacher Network 2 and the Student Network to improve the segmentation capabilities in low-contrast and local *** this procedure,the features retrieved by the Student Network are subjected to a random feature perturbation *** two openly available datasets,extensive trials show that our proposed SADT performs much better than the state-ofthe-art semi-supervised medical segmentation *** only 10%of the labeled data for training,SADT was able to acquire a Dice score of 90.10%on the ACDC(Automatic Cardiac Diagnosis Challenge)dataset.
The gut microbiota plays key roles in host health by shaping the host immune responses through their metabolites, like indole derivatives from tryptophan. However, the direct role of these indole derivatives in macrop...
The gut microbiota plays key roles in host health by shaping the host immune responses through their metabolites, like indole derivatives from tryptophan. However, the direct role of these indole derivatives in macrophage fate decision and the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Here, we found that bacterial indole-3-propionic acid(IPA) downregulates interleukin-1beta(IL-1β) production in M1 macrophages through inhibition of nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB) signaling. Mechanistically, IPA binds specifically with methionine adenosyltransferase 2A(MAT2A) to promote S-adenosylmethionine(SAM) synthesis, which facilitates the DNA methylation of ubiquitin-specific peptidase 16(USP16, a deubiquitinase), and in turn promotes Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4) ubiquitination and NF-κB inhibition. furthermore,IPA administration attenuates sepsis in mouse models induced by lipopolysaccharides(LPS), showcasing its potential as a microbial-derived adjunct in alleviating inflammation. Collectively, our findings reveal a newly found microbial metabolite-immune system regulatory pathway mediated by IPA.
With the rapid development of flexible wearable electronics,the demand for stretchable energy storage devices has *** this work,a novel gradient-layered architecture was design based on single-pore hollow lignin nanos...
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With the rapid development of flexible wearable electronics,the demand for stretchable energy storage devices has *** this work,a novel gradient-layered architecture was design based on single-pore hollow lignin nanospheres(HLNPs)-intercalated two-dimensional transition metal carbide(Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) MXene)for fabricating highly stretchable and durable *** depositing and inserting HLNPs in the MXene layers with a bottom-up decreasing gradient,a multilayered porous MXene structure with smooth ion channels was constructed by reducing the overstacking of MXene ***,the micro-chamber architecture of thin-walled lignin nanospheres effectively extended the contact area between lignin and MXene to improve ion and electron accessibility,thus better utilizing the pseudocapacitive property of *** these strategies effectively enhanced the capacitive performance of the *** addition,HLNPs,which acted as a protective phase for MXene layer,enhanced mechanical properties of the wrinkled stretchable electrodes by releasing stress through slip and deformation during the stretch-release cycling and greatly improved the structural integrity and capacitive stability of the *** electrodes and symmetric flexible all-solid-state supercapacitors capable of enduring 600%uniaxial tensile strain were developed with high specific capacitances of 1273 mF cm^(−2)(241 F g^(−1))and 514 mF cm^(−2)(95 F g^(−1)),***,their capacitances were well preserved after 1000 times of 600%stretch-release *** study showcased new possibilities of incorporating biobased lignin nanospheres in energy storage devices to fabricate stretchable devices leveraging synergies among various two-dimensional nanomaterials.
Spatial transcriptomics technique detects RNA sequences (St?hl et al.,2016) and quantifies their expression in the positional context (Ke et al.,2013),which can provide important information such as cell heterogeneity...
Spatial transcriptomics technique detects RNA sequences (St?hl et al.,2016) and quantifies their expression in the positional context (Ke et al.,2013),which can provide important information such as cell heterogeneity,cell developmental trajectory,differential gene expression between tissue regions or *** date,it is becoming a powerful tool for exploring tumorigenesis (ren et al.,2023),cerebral neurodevelopment (Shi et al.,2023),embryonic development(Arutyunyan et al.,2023),and other biological ***-dimensional(3D) spatial transcriptome typically requires stacking multiple tissue slices to obtain a 3D atlas (Schott et al.,2024);therefore it prefers a method that meets high throughput,large sample sizes,and affordable cost to cover large regions of the ***,the lack of a single method that meets all of these requirements limits large-scale application of 3D spatial transcriptomics.
The synthesis of covalent carbon nitride films becomes an important subject in the materials research *** a new synthetic method two low-energy(400 and 1000eV)nitrogen ion beams are used to bombard on C_(60) thin film...
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The synthesis of covalent carbon nitride films becomes an important subject in the materials research *** a new synthetic method two low-energy(400 and 1000eV)nitrogen ion beams are used to bombard on C_(60) thin films *** bombarded films are used for Raman and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)*** results of the analyses show that under the bombardment of 400eV nitrogen ion beam,the film still contains a large amount of undestructed C_(60) *** the case of l000eV bombardment,only a little amount of C_(60) molecules is kept *** experimental results also show that the destructed carbon species will combine chemically with nitrogen ions to form stable covalent carbon nitride,confirmed by the Raman peaks of,e.g.,*** XPS Nls and Cls lines also indicate the formation of covalent carbon nitride in the bombarded films.
In order to obtain high quality carbon nitride films,x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman spectrum were used to analyze several kinds of film:(a)laser-ablated amorphous carbon(a-C)films,(b)a-C films after a 1 ke...
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In order to obtain high quality carbon nitride films,x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman spectrum were used to analyze several kinds of film:(a)laser-ablated amorphous carbon(a-C)films,(b)a-C films after a 1 keV nitrbgen ion beam bombardment.(c)carbon nitride(CN_(x))films synthesized by ablation assisted with ion beam bombardment,(d)CN_(x) films after a 50eV nitrogen ion beam bombardment,and(e)CN_(x) films after a 1 keV nitrogen ion beam *** comparison among these films showed that the concurrent deposition of CN_(x) films by ablation and a nitrogen ion beam should be better than the post-treatment of a-C films by nitrogen ion beam *** the case of concurrent deposited CN_(x) films,a post-treatment by a nitrogen ion beam bombardment with an appropriate energy(possibly less than 1 keV)was proposed to improve the ratio of C-N binding structures in the deposited films.
The Feidong district is located in the southern segment of the Tan-Lu fault zone that separates the South China Block(NCB)from the North China Craton(NCC).We report zircon U-Pb geochronology and Hf isotope data,as wel...
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The Feidong district is located in the southern segment of the Tan-Lu fault zone that separates the South China Block(NCB)from the North China Craton(NCC).We report zircon U-Pb geochronology and Hf isotope data,as well as whole-rock geochemistry for Xishanyi granodiorite and Jianshan granite in the Feidong *** U-Pb dating results show that the emplacement ages of the Xishanyi and Jianshan intrusions are 124±3 Ma and 130±1 Ma respectively,coeval with magmatic events linked to large-scale lithospheric thinning in eastern *** whole-rock geochemistry of the Xishanyi and Jianshan intrusions demonstrate that they are peraluminous,high potassium calc-alkaline I-type granites with adakitic *** intrusions underwent weak crustal assimilation during *** in situ zirconε(Hf)(t)values of the Xishanyi granodiorites range from-26.4 to-21.8,with T(DM2)model ages of 2552 to 2841 *** in situ zirconε(Hf)(t)values of the Jianshan granite are from-27.5 to-23.0 with T(DM2)model ages of 2632 to 2904 *** peak age of inherited zircon grains from the Xishanyi granodiorite and the Jianshan granite were^2.07 Ga and^1.94 Ga,*** compared with the regional magmatism,we suggest that both the Xishanyi and Jianshan granitoid intrusions were derived from partial melting of the NCC lower crust.
For an odd prime p which is congruent to 3 module 4 and an odd integer k,we investigate the upper bound on the magnitude of cross correlation values of a p-ary m-sequence s(t) and its decimated sequences s(dt + l) for...
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For an odd prime p which is congruent to 3 module 4 and an odd integer k,we investigate the upper bound on the magnitude of cross correlation values of a p-ary m-sequence s(t) and its decimated sequences s(dt + l) for a decimation value *** the above upper bound of the magnitude of cross correlation values of pary m-sequence and its decimated sequences,we construct a new class of p-ary sequence families with low correlation property via m-sequence.
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