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Transparency:The Missing Link to Boosting AI Transformations in Chemical Engineering

Engineering 2024年第8期39卷 45-60页

作者： Yue yuan Donovan Chaffart Tao wu Jesse Zhu Ningbo Institute of Digital Twin Eastern Institute of TechnologyNingbo 315200China Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering The University of Western OntarioLondonON N6G 5B8Canada College of Engineering Eastern Institute of TechnologyNingbo 315200China China Beacons Institute University of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo 315100China

The issue of opacity within data-driven artificial intelligence(AI)algorithms has become an impediment to these algorithms’extensive utilization,especially within sensitive domains concerning health,safety,and high profitability,such as chemical engineering(CE).In order to promote reliable AI utilization in CE,this review discusses the concept of transparency within AI utilizations,which is defined based on both explainable AI(XAI)concepts and key features from within the CE *** review also highlights the requirements of reliable AI from the aspects of causality(i.e.,the correlations between the predictions and inputs of an AI),explainability(i.e.,the operational rationales of the workflows),and informativeness(i.e.,the mechanistic insights of the investigating systems).Related techniques are evaluated together with state-of-the-art applications to highlight the significance of establishing reliable AI applications in ***,a comprehensive transparency analysis case study is provided as an example to enhance ***,this work provides a thorough discussion of this subject matter in a way that—for the first time—is particularly geared toward chemical engineers in order to raise awareness of responsible AI *** this vital missing link,AI is anticipated to serve as a novel and powerful tool that can tremendously aid chemical engineers in solving bottleneck challenges in CE.

关键词： Transparency Explainable AI Reliability Causality Explainability Informativeness Hybrid modeling Physics-informed

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A stable one-point quadrature rule for three-dimensional numerical manifold method

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 1401-1416页

作者： ZHANG Ning ZHENG Hong YANG Liang wu WenAn yuan Chi School of Civil Engineering Qinghai UniversityQinghai810016China Key Laboratory of Urban Security and Disaster Engineering Ministry of EducationBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing100124China Faculty of Engineering China University of GeoscienceWuhan430074China

We present a numerically stable one-point quadrature rule for the stiffness matrix and mass matrix of the three-dimensional numerical manifold method(3D NMM).The rule simplifies the integration over irregularly shaped manifold elements and overcomes locking issues,and it does not cause spurious modes in modal *** essential idea is to transfer the integral over a manifold element to a few moments to the element center,thereby deriving a one-point integration rule by the moments and making modifications to avoid locking *** the stiffness matrix,after the virtual work is decomposed into moments,higher-order moments are modified to overcome locking issues in nearly incompressible and bending-dominated *** the mass matrix,the consistent and lumped types are derived by *** particular,the lumped type has the clear advantage of *** proposed method is naturally suitable for 3D NMM meshes automatically generated from a regular *** tests justify the accuracy improvements and the stability of the proposed procedure.

关键词： three-dimensional numerical manifold method quadrature rule locking mass lumping

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Experimental crushing behavior and energy absorption of angular gradient honeycomb structures under quasi-static and dynamic compression

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第6期36卷 47-63页

作者： Jiachen Li Yuchen Wei Hao wu Xingyu Shen Mengqi yuan State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Institute of Occupational Health China Academy of Safety Science and TechnologyBeijing 100012China Beijing Institute of Technology Chongqing Innovation Center Chongqing 401120China

The high variability of shock in terrorist attacks poses a threat to people's lives and properties,necessitating the development of more effective protective *** study focuses on the angle gradient and proposes four different configurations of concave hexagonal honeycomb *** structures'macroscopic deformation behavior,stress-strain relationship,and energy dissipation characteristics are evaluated through quasi-static compression and Hopkinson pressure bar impact *** study reveals that,under varying strain rates,the structures deform starting from the weak layer and exhibit significant interlayer ***,interlayer shear slip becomes more pronounced with increasing strain *** terms of quasi-static compression,symmetric gradient structures demonstrate superior energy absorption,particularly the symmetric negative gradient structure(SNG-SMS)with a specific energy absorption of 13.77 J/cm~*** dynamic impact,unidirectional gradient structures exhibit exceptional energy absorption,particularly the unidirectional positive gradient honeycomb structure(UPG-SML)with outstanding mechanical *** angle gradient design plays a crucial role in determining the structure's stability and deformation mode during *** interlayer separations result in a more pronounced negative Poisson's ratio effect and enhance the structure's energy absorption *** findings provide a foundation for the rational design and selection of seismic protection structures in different strain rate impact environments.

关键词： Negative Poisson's ratio Gradient honeycomb structure Quasi-static compression Dynamic impact Titanium alloy

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Study of Flow and Heat Transfer in an Ejector-Driven Swirl Anti-Icing Chamber

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第5期20卷 989-1014页

作者： Yi Tu yuan wu Yu Zeng Hunan University of Arts and Sciences Hunan Key Laboratory of Distributed Electric Propulsion Vehicle Control TechnologyChangde415000China Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Aircraft Ice Protection AVIC Aerodynamics Research InstituteShenyang110034China School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing100191China

The formation of ice on the leading edge of aircraft engines is a serious issue,as it can have catastrophic *** Swirl Anti-Icing(SAI)system,driven by ejection,circulates hot fluid within a 360°annular chamber to heat the engine inlet lip surface and prevent *** study employs a validated Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)approach to study the impact of key geometric parameters of this system on flow and heat transfer characteristics within the anti-icing ***,the entropy generation rate and exergy efficiency are analyzed to assess the energy utilization in the *** research findings indicate that,within the considered flow range,reducing the nozzle specific areaφfrom 0.03061 to 0.01083 can enhance the ejection coefficient by over 60.7%.This enhancement increases the air circulating rate,thereby intensifying convective heat transfer within the SAI ***,the reduction inφalso leads to a significant increase in the required bleed air pressure and a higher entropy generation rate,indicating lower exergy *** nozzle angleθnotably affects the distribution of hot and cold spots on the lip surface of the SAI ***θfrom 0°to 20°reduces the maximum temperature difference on the anti-icing chamber surface by 60 K.

关键词： Swirl anti-icing heat transfer exergy efficiency hot and cold spot aircraft engine

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Determination of global geodetic parameters using satellite laser ranging to Galileo,GLONASS,and BeiDou satellites

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Satellite Navigation 2024年第1期5卷 240-257页

作者： Xingxing Li Jiaqing Lou Yongqiang yuan Jiaqi wu Keke Zhang School of Geodesy and Geomatics Wuhan University129 Luoyu RoadWuhan430079HubeiChina

The new Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)satellites,including GLONASS,Galileo,and BeiDou system,are equipped with Laser Retroreflector Arrays(LRA)to support Satellite Laser Ranging(SLR)tracking,which contributes to the estimation of global geodetic *** this study,we estimate the global geodetic parameters using the SLR observations to GNSS satellites and also investigate the effects of different data processing strategies on the estimated Earth Rotation Parameters(ERP),geocenter motion,and terrestrial *** results indicate that setting range bias parameters for each satellite-station pair can effectively account for the satellite-specific biases induced by LRAs,leading to smaller Root Mean Square Errors(RMSE)of the post-fit SLR ***,estimating the range biases for each satellite-station pair improves the accuracy of the estimated station coordinates and *** also examine the impact of different arc lengths on the estimates of ERP,geocenter motion,and terrestrial *** results show that extending arc length can significantly reduce the formal error of *** 7-day strategy produces the smallest RMSEs of 473 microarcseconds and 495 microarcseconds for the estimated X-and Y-component of pole coordinates,and 52 microseconds for length-of-day,***,the estimated geocenter motion is less affected by the arc length,even the shortest 1-day arc strategy can capture the seasonal variations of geocenter motion in Z *** scale estimation,extending the arc length notably improves the accuracy of the estimated station coordinates and scale,but this advantage becomes less noticeable in longer *** 7-day solution also obtains the closet scale results compared to ITRF2014,with the RMSE of 2.10×10^(–9).

关键词： Satellite laser ranging GNSS Geodetic parameters Earth rotation parameters Geocenter motion Terrestrial scale

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Effect of Mn addition on microstructure and mechanical properties of GX40CrNiSi25-12 austenitic heat resistant steel

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China Foundry 2024年第3期21卷 205-212页

作者： Guan-yu Jiang Meng-wu wu Xiao-guang Yang Hui Wang Yu-yuan Zhu Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China Hubei Longzhong Laboratory Xiangyang 441000HubeiChina Wescast Industries(China)Co. Ltd.Wuhan 430100China

Three types of steels were designed on the basis of GX40CrNiSi25-12 austenitic heat resistant steel by adding different Mn contents(2wt.%,6wt.%,and 12wt.%).Thermodynamic calculation,microstructure characterization and mechanical property tests were conducted to investigate the effect of Mn addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the austenitic heat resistant *** show that the matrix structure in all the three types of steels at room temperature is completely *** NbC and M_(23)C_(6)precipitate at grain boundaries of austenite *** the increase of Mn content,the number of carbides increases and their distribution becomes more *** the Mn content increases from 1.99%to 12.06%,the ultimate tensile strength,yield strength and elongation increase by 14.6%,8.0%and 46.3%,*** improvement of the mechanical properties of austenitic steels can be explained by utilizing classic theories of alloy strengthening,including solid solution strengthening,precipitation strengthening,and grain *** increase in alloy strength can be attributed to solid solution strengthening and precipitation strengthening caused by the addition of *** improvement of the plasticity of austenitic steels can be explained from two aspects:grain refinement and homogenization of precipitated phases.

关键词： austenitic heat resistant steel manganese microstructure mechanical properties

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Applications of artificial intelligence to lipid nanoparticle delivery

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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 88-97页

作者： Ye yuan Yuqi wu Jiabei Cheng Kaiyuan Yang Yilin Xia Hongguang wu Xiaoyong Pan Institute of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityKey Laboratory of System Control and Information ProcessingMinistry of Education of ChinaChina Songjiang Research Institute Songjiang District Central HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina

Lipid nanoparticles(LNPs)are nanocarriers composed of four lipid components and can be used for gene therapy,protein replacement,and vaccine ***,LNPs also face several challenges,such as toxicity,immune activation,and low delivery *** overcome these challenges,artificial intelligence can be used to optimize the design and formulation of LNPs,as well as to predict their properties and ***,antibody-targeted conjugation can be used to enhance the specificity and selectivity of LNPs by attaching an antibody that recognizes a specific antigen on the cell surface to LNPs.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Lipid nanoparticles Antibody Targeted conjugation

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6G New Multiple Access Technology

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China Communications 2024年第1期21卷 I0002-I0005页

作者： Yifei yuan Yongpeng wu Lei Wang Zhifeng yuan Wei Bai yuanwei Liu Tsinghua University in China Carnegie Mellon University USA wuhan University WuhanChina Southeast University NanjingChina Carleton University OttawaONCanada Nanjing University of Post and Telecommunications Shanghai Jiaotong University ShanghaiChina the School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science Queen Mary University of London

As a basic technology at physical layer of mobile communications,non-orthogonal multiple access has been attracting wide attention across the academia and the *** the standardization of the fifth-generation(5G)of mobile communications,3GPP conducted preliminary study on non-orthogonal multiple access without reaching the consensus to standardize the technology.

关键词： technology Access attracting

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A Hand Features Based Fusion Recognition Network with Enhancing Multi-Modal Correlation

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第7期140卷 537-555页

作者： Wei wu yuan Zhang Yunpeng Li Chuanyang Li YanHao School of Information Engineering Shenyang UniversityShenyang110044China

Fusing hand-based features in multi-modal biometric recognition enhances anti-spoofing ***,it leverages inter-modal correlation to enhance recognition ***,the robustness and recognition performance of the system can be enhanced through judiciously leveraging the correlation among multimodal ***,two issues persist in multi-modal feature fusion recognition:Firstly,the enhancement of recognition performance in fusion recognition has not comprehensively considered the inter-modality correlations among distinct ***,during modal fusion,improper weight selection diminishes the salience of crucial modal features,thereby diminishing the overall recognition *** address these two issues,we introduce an enhanced DenseNet multimodal recognition network founded on feature-level *** information from the three modalities is fused akin to RGB,and the input network augments the correlation between modes through channel *** the enhanced DenseNet network,the Efficient Channel Attention Network(ECA-Net)dynamically adjusts the weight of each channel to amplify the salience of crucial information in each modal *** separable convolution markedly reduces the training parameters and further enhances the feature *** evaluations were conducted on four multimodal databases,comprising six unimodal databases,including multispectral palmprint and palm vein databases from the Chinese Academy of *** Equal Error Rates(EER)values were 0.0149%,0.0150%,0.0099%,and 0.0050%,*** comparison to other network methods for palmprint,palm vein,and finger vein fusion recognition,this approach substantially enhances recognition performance,rendering it suitable for high-security environments with practical *** experiments in this article utilized amodest sample database comprising 200 *** subsequent phase involves preparin

关键词： Biometrics multi-modal correlation deep learning feature-level fusion

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Multi-endpoint assays reveal more severe toxicity induced by chloraminated effluent organic matter than chloraminated natural organic matter

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 310-317页

作者： Hai-Yan Wang De-Xiu wu Ye Du Xiao-Tong Lv Qian-yuan wu State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental SafetyTsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China College of Architecture and Environment Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610000China

Disinfection by chloramination produces toxic byproducts and the difference in toxicity of reclaimed and drinking water treated by chloramination remains *** study investigated cytotoxic effects at the same concentrations of dissolved organic matter and showed that chloraminated effluent organic matter(EfOM)induced 1.7 times higher cytotoxicity than chloraminated natural organic matter(NOM)applied to simulate drinking *** EfOM induced more reactive nitrogen species than chloraminated NOM,and chloraminated EfOM and NOM induced similar and higher levels of reactive oxygen species than the negative control,***,intracellular macromolecule damage indicated by DNA/RNA damage marker 8–hydroxy-(deoxy)guanosine and the intracellular protein carbonyl concentration induced by chloraminated EfOM was higher and slightly more than that induced by chloraminated NOM,*** data were consistent with the effects on cell physiological *** cycle arrest mainly occurred in G2 phase by chloraminated EfOM and *** apoptotic cells,which could return to normal,increased upon exposure to high concentrations of chloraminated EfOM and ***,necrotic cells were significantly increased from 0.5%to 2.5%when the concentration increased from 20-to 60-fold chloraminated EfOM,but were not obviously changed by chloraminated *** results indicated that the comprehensive intracellular changes induced by toxic substances in chloraminated EfOM were more irreversible and induced more cell death than chloraminated NOM.

关键词： Cytotoxicity Intracellular active nitrogen/oxygen Intracellular oxidative damage Cell necrosis Reclaimed water

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