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Widespread and active piezotolerant microorganisms mediate phenolic compound degradation under high hydrostatic pressure in hadal trenches

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第2期6卷 331-348页

作者： Hao Ling Yongxin Lv yu zhang ning‑Yi Zhou Ying Xu State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences and School of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Oceanography Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China State Key of Laboratory of Ocean Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Phenolic compounds,as well as other aromatic compounds,have been reported to be abundant in hadal trenches.Although high-throughput sequencing studies have hinted at the potential of hadal microbes to degrade these compounds,direct microbiological,genetic and biochemical evidence under in situ pressures remain absent.Here,a microbial consortium and a pure culture of Pseudomonas,newly isolated from Mariana Trench sediments,efficiently degraded phenol under pressures up to 70 and 60 MPa,respectively,with concomitant increase in biomass.By analyzing a high-pressure(70 MPa)culture metatranscriptome,not only was the entire range of metabolic processes under high pressure generated,but also genes encod-ing complete phenol degradation via ortho-and meta-cleavage pathways were revealed.The isolate of Pseudomonas also contained genes encoding the complete degradation pathway.Six transcribed genes(dmpKLMNOP_(sed))were functionally identified to encode a multicomponent hydroxylase catalyzing the hydroxylation of phenol and its methylated derivatives by heterogeneous expression.In addition,key catabolic genes identified in the metatranscriptome of the high-pressure cultures and genomes of bacterial isolates were found to be all widely distributed in 22 published hadal microbial metagenomes.At microbiological,genetic,bioinformatics,and biochemical levels,this study found that microorganisms widely found in hadal trenches were able to effectively drive phenolic compound degradation under high hydrostatic pressures.This information will bridge a knowledge gap concerning the microbial aromatics degradation within hadal trenches.

关键词： Hadal trench High hydrostatic pressure Phenolic compounds degradation Piezotolerant microorganisms Widespread distribution

Ballistic performance of spherical fragments penetrating PCrNi3MoV target plates

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第3期33卷 295-307页

作者： Dou Hong Wenbin Li yu Zheng Yiming Li ning Jiang Kebin zhang Ministerial Key Laboratory of ZNDY Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjingChina

PCrNi3MoV steel is a medium-carbon,low-alloy quenched and tempered steel that finds its applications in military gun barrels due to the high wear resistance and ablation resistance.To study the penetration and failure modes of PCrNi3MoV plates impacted by tungsten spheres,tungsten spheres of various diameters(5 mm,8 mm,and 10 mm)were used to impact PCrNi3MoV steel plates with thicknesses of 6 mm,9 mm,and 14 mm.The penetration performance of the spheres was analyzed for different velocities,and the ultimate penetration velocity of the plate was obtained.It was found that the primary failure modes of the PCrNi3MoV plate were compression pitting failure and shear failure.Using the dimensional analysis method,a relationship between the bulge height of the steel plate and the fragment velocity,an equation for the ultimate penetration velocity,and a relationship between the target penetration energy and the fragment velocity were obtained.Then,a projectile-target action index was proposed to describe the process of tungsten spheres with different velocities impacting target plates.The results suggested that under the same thickness of the target plate,a larger-diameter fragment required more kinetic energy to obtain the same ultimate penetration effect as a smaller-diameter fragment.The equations obtained through dimensional analysis predicted values that agreed well with experimental values,indicating that these equations can be applied to engineering applications.

关键词： Impact damage Ultimate penetration velocity Bulge height Target penetration energy Failure modes

Effect of Y_(2)O_(3) on microstructure and properties of CoCrFeNiTiNb high entropy alloy coating on Ti-6Al-4V surface by laser cladding

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第3期42卷 586-599,I0006页

作者： Zhen Li Wei Zhao Kedong yu ning Guo Guangchun Xiao Zhiming Wang Hui zhang College of Mechanical Engineering Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)Jinan250353China Shandong Institute of Mechanical Design and Research Jinan250031China

The effects of Y_(2)O_(3) on the microstructure, microhardness, wear resistance, high-temperature oxidation resistance, hot corrosion resistance, and electrochemical corrosion behaviour of CoCrFeNiTiNb high entropy alloy coatings formed on Ti-6Al-4V alloy surfaces were studied. The results show that the addition of Y_(2)O_(3) changes the proportion of the phase but does not change its type. The average grain size is only 1/4.7 of that of the high entropy alloy(HEA) coating, and the fine-grained strengthening leads to increases in the microhardness and wear resistance of 21.8% and 26.9%, respectively. The addition of Y_(2)O_(3) enhances the denseness and bonding properties of the oxide and corrosion product layers, reducing the oxidation and hot corrosion rates by 60.3% and 40.3%, respectively. The addition of Y_(2)O_(3) doubles the corrosion resistance which is attributed to the refinement of the grains, the increased proportion of HCP and TiN, and the weakening of galvanic coupling corrosion.

关键词： Laser cladding High entropy alloy coatings Rare earths Wear properties High temperature properties Electrochemical corrosion

Learning to represent 2D human face with mathematical model

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2024年第1期9卷 54-68页

作者： Liping zhang Weijun Li Linjun Sun Lina yu Xin ning Xiaoli Dong AnnLab Institute of SemiconductorsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering School of Integrated CircuitsUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Beijing Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Neural Network Intelligent Sensing and Computing Technology BeijingChina

How to represent a human face pattern?While it is presented in a continuous way in human visual system,computers often store and process it in a discrete manner with 2D arrays of pixels.The authors attempt to learn a continuous surface representation for face image with explicit function.First,an explicit model(EmFace)for human face representation is pro-posed in the form of a finite sum of mathematical terms,where each term is an analytic function element.Further,to estimate the unknown parameters of EmFace,a novel neural network,EmNet,is designed with an encoder-decoder structure and trained from massive face images,where the encoder is defined by a deep convolutional neural network and the decoder is an explicit mathematical expression of EmFace.The authors demonstrate that our EmFace represents face image more accurate than the comparison method,with an average mean square error of 0.000888,0.000936,0.000953 on LFW,IARPA Janus Benchmark-B,and IJB-C datasets.Visualisation results show that,EmFace has a higher representation performance on faces with various expressions,postures,and other factors.Furthermore,EmFace achieves reasonable performance on several face image processing tasks,including face image restoration,denoising,and transformation.

关键词： artificial neural networks face analysis image processing mathematics computing

Boosted Electrocatalytic Glucose Oxidation Reaction on Noble-Metal-Free MoO_(3)-Decorated Carbon Nanotubes

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2024年第1期30卷 63-73页

作者： yu-Long Men ning Dou Yiyi Zhao Yan Huang Lei zhang Peng Liu Department of Chemical Engineering School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Thyroid Breast and Vascular Surgery Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital Affi liated to Tongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200081China Department of Vascular Surgery Changhai HospitalNaval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China

Electrocatalytic glucose oxidation reaction(GOR)has attracted much attention owing to its crucial role in biofuel cell fabrication.Herein,we load MoO_(3)nanoparticles on carbon nanotubes(CNTs)and use a discharge process to prepare a noblemetal-free MC-60 catalyst containing MoO_(3),Mo_(2)C,and a Mo_(2)C–MoO_(3)interface.In the GOR,MC-60 shows activity as high as 745μA/(mmol/L cm^(2)),considerably higher than those of the Pt/CNT(270μA/(mmol/L cm^(2)))and Au/CNT catalysts(110μA/(mmol/L cm^(2))).In the GOR,the response minimum on MC-60 is as low as 8μmol/L,with a steady-state response time of only 3 s.Moreover,MC-60 has superior stability and anti-interference ability to impurities in the GOR.The better performance of MC-60 in the GOR is attributed to the abundant Mo sites bonding to C and O atoms at the MoO_(3)–Mo_(2)C interface.These Mo sites create active sites for promoting glucose adsorption and oxidation,enhancing MC-60 performance in the GOR.Thus,these results help to fabricate more effi cient noble-metal-free catalysts for the fabrication of glucose-based biofuel cells.

关键词： Interface eff ect Electrocatalysis Molybdenum oxide Glucose Oxidation reaction

Thermogalvanic hydrogel-based e-skin for self-powered on-body dual-modal temperature and strain sensing

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 293-302页

作者： Zhaosu Wang ning Li Xinru Yang Zhiyi zhang Hulin zhang Xiaojing Cui College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan030024China College of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan030024China School of Physics and Information Engineering Shanxi Normal UniversityTaiyuan030031China

Sensing of both temperature and strain is crucial for various diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.Here,we present a novel hydrogel-based electronic skin(e-skin)capable of dual-mode sensing of temperature and strain.The thermocouple ion selected for this study is the iodine/triiodide(I−/I3−)redox couple,which is a common component in everyday disinfectants.By leveraging the thermoelectric conversion in conjunction with the inherent piezoresistive effect of a gel electrolyte,self-powered sensing is achieved by utilizing the temperature difference between the human body and the external environment.The composite hydrogels synthesized from polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)monomers using a simple freeze‒thaw method exhibit remarkable flexibility,extensibility,and adaptability to human tissue.The incorporation of zwitterions further augments the resistance of the hydrogel to dehydration and low temperatures,allowing maintenance of more than 90%of its weight after 48 h in the air.Given its robust thermal current response,the hydrogel was encapsulated and then integrated onto various areas of the human body,including the cheeks,fingers,and elbows.Furthermore,the detection of the head-down state and the monitoring of foot movements demonstrate the promising application of the hydrogel in supervising the neck posture of sedentary office workers and the activity status.The successful demonstration of self-powered on-body temperature and strain sensing opens up new possibilities for wearable intelligent electronics and robotics.

关键词： hydrogel modal utilizing

Distributions of Visual Receptive Fields from Retinotopic to Craniotopic Coordinates in the Lateral Intraparietal Area and Frontal Eye Fields of the Macaque

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第2期40卷 171-181页

作者： Lin Yang Min Jin Cong zhang ning Qian Mingsha zhang Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning Division of PsychologyBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Institute of Neuroscience Key Laboratory of Primate NeurobiologyCAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China Department of Neuroscience and Zuckerman Institute Columbia UniversityNew York 10027USA

Even though retinal images of objects change their locations following each eye movement,we perceive a stable and continuous world.One possible mechanism by which the brain achieves such visual stability is to construct a craniotopic coordinate by integrating retinal and extraretinal information.There have been several proposals on how this may be done,including eye-position modulation(gain fields)of retinotopic receptive fields(RFs)and craniotopic RFs.In the present study,we investigated coordinate systems used by RFs in the lateral intraparietal(LIP)cortex and frontal eye fields(FEF)and compared the two areas.We mapped the two-dimensional RFs of neurons in detail under two eye fixations and analyzed how the RF of a given neuron changes with eye position to determine its coordinate representation.The same recording and analysis procedures were applied to the two brain areas.We found that,in both areas,RFs were distributed from retinotopic to craniotopic representations.There was no significant difference between the distributions in the LIP and FEF.Only a small fraction of neurons was fully craniotopic,whereas most neurons were between the retinotopic and craniotopic representations.The distributions were strongly biased toward the retinotopic side but with significant craniotopic shifts.These results suggest that there is only weak evidence for craniotopic RFs in the LIP and FEF,and that transformation from retinotopic to craniotopic coordinates in these areas must rely on other factors such as gain fields.

关键词： Reference frames Eye-centered Headcentered Visual stability

Mitochondrial carrier homolog 2 increases malignant phenotype of human gastric epithelial cells and promotes proliferation,invasion,and migration of gastric cancer cells

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第3期16卷 991-1005页

作者： Jing-Wen zhang Ling-Yan Huang Ya-ning Li Ying Tian Jia yu Xiao-Fei Wang School of Basic Medical Science NHC Key Laboratory of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases ResearchNingxia Medical UniversityYinchuan 750004Ningxia Hui Autonomous RegionChina Department of Pathology General Hospital of Ningxia Medical UniversityYinchuan 750004Ningxia Hui Autonomous RegionChina School of Clinical Medicine Ningxia Medical UniversityYinchuan 750004Ningxia Hui Autonomous RegionChina Department of Pathology North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated HospitalTangshan 063000Hebei ProvinceChin

BACKGROUND The precise role of mitochondrial carrier homolog 2(MTCH2)in promoting malignancy in gastric mucosal cells and its involvement in gastric cancer cell metastasis have not been fully elucidated.AIM To determine the role of MTCH2 in gastric cancer.METHODS We collected 65 samples of poorly differentiated gastric cancer tissue and adjacent tissues,constructed MTCH2-overexpressing and MTCH2-knockdown cell models,and evaluated the proliferation,migration,and invasion of human gastric epithelial cells(GES-1)and human gastric cancer cells(AGS)cells.The mito-chondrial membrane potential(MMP),mitochondrial permeability transformation pore(mPTP)and ATP fluorescence probe were used to detect mitochondrial function.Mitochondrial function and ATP synthase protein levels were detected via Western blotting.RESULTS The expression of MTCH2 and ATP2A2 in gastric cancer tissues was significantly greater than that in adjacent tissues.Overexpression of MTCH2 promoted colony formation,invasion,migration,MMP expression and ATP production in GES-1 and AGS cells while upregulating ATP2A2 expression and inhibiting cell apoptosis;knockdown of MTCH2 had the opposite effect,promoting overactivation of the mPTP and promoting apoptosis.CONCLUSION MTCH2 can increase the malignant phenotype of GES-1 cells and promote the proliferation,invasion,and migration of gastric cancer cells by regulating mitochondrial function,providing a basis for targeted therapy for gastric cancer cells.

关键词： Gastric cancer Mitochondrial carrier homolog 2 ATP synthase ATP2A2 Mitochondrial permeability transformation pore

De-noising of radiation pressure signal generated by bubble oscillation based on ensemble empirical mode decomposition

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2022年第5期34卷 849-863页

作者： Xiang-hao Zheng yu-ning zhang Key Laboratory of Power Station Energy Transfer Conversion and System(Ministry of Education) School of EnergyPower and Mechanical EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China

The radiation pressure signals generated by the bubble oscillation are often utilized to recognize the characteristics of the target objects in many fields.However,these signals are easily contaminated by complex background noises.In order to accurately extract the effective components of the radiation pressure signal generated by the bubble oscillation,this paper proposes a de-noising procedure for the radiation pressure signal,based on the ensemble empirical mode decomposition(EEMD),the autocorrelation function and the modified wavelet soft-threshold de-noising method.In order to verify the effectiveness of the procedure,the typical radiation pressure signal generated based on the Keller-Miksis model under the acoustic excitation is employed for the subsequent de-noising analysis.The results of the qualitative analysis show that the amplitude and the period of the bubble oscillation can be clearly observed in the time-domain diagram of the de-noised signal based on the EEMD.In the quantitative analysis,the de-noised signal based on the EEMD has better performance with higher signal-to-noise ratio(SNR),smaller root-mean-square error,and larger correlation coefficient than that based on the wavelet transform(WT)and the empirical mode decomposition(EMD).Furthermore,with the increase of the complexity of the radiation pressure signal(e.g.,the increase of the dimensionless pressure amplitude of the acoustic wave and the decrease of the SNR of the input signal),the above three evaluation indexes of the de-noised signal based on the EEMD are all better than those based on the other two methods.When the signal is more complex,the de-noising capabilities of the WT,the EMD are greatly reduced,but the EEMD can still maintain the good de-noising capability,which shows the superiority of the signal de-noising procedure proposed in the present paper.

关键词： Radiation pressure cavitation bubble oscillation signal de-noising ensemble empirical mode decomposition(EEMD) autocorrelation function wavelet soft-threshold de-noising