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Unlocking T cell exhaustion:Insights and implications for CAR-T cell therapy

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第8期14卷 3416-3431页

作者： Dian Xiong Haijun yu Zhi-jun sun State Key Laboratory of Oral&Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of EducationHubei Key Laboratory of StomatologySchool&Hospital of StomatologyFrontier Science Center for Immunology and MetabolismTaikang Center for Life and Medical ScienceWuhan UniversityWuhan 430079China Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology Hubei Province Cancer Clinical Study CenterHubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological BehaviorsZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China

Chimeric antigen receptor T(CAR-T)cell therapy as a form of adoptive cell therapy(ACT)has shown significant promise in cancer treatment,demonstrated by the FDA-approved CAR-T cell therapies targeting CD19 or B cell maturation antigen(BCMA)for hematological malignancies,albeit with moderate outcomes in solid ***,despite these advancements,the efficacy of CAR-T therapy is often compromised by T cell exhaustion,a phenomenon that impedes the persistence and effector function of CAR-T cells,leading to a relapse rate of up to 75%in patients treated with CD19 or CD22 CAR-T cells for hematological *** to overcome CAR-T exhaustion employ state-of-the-art genomic engineering tools and single-cell sequencing *** this review,we provide a comprehensive understanding of the latest mechanistic insights into T cell exhaustion and their implications for the current efforts to optimize CAR-T cell *** insights,combined with lessons learned from benchmarking CAR-T based products in recent clinical trials,aim to address the challenges posed by T cell exhaustion,potentially setting the stage for the development of tailored next-generation approaches to cancer treatment.

关键词： Cancer immunotherapy CAR-T therapy T cell exhaustion Tumor immune microenvironment Spatial immune contexture Single-cell technologies CAR-T engineering Combination therapy

The Study of Plasma Nitriding of AISI304 Stainless Steel

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材料热处理学报 2004年第5期25卷 422-424页

作者： WANGLiang JIShi-jun GAOyu-zhou sunjun-cai InstituteofMetalandTechnology DalianMaritimeUniversity

This paper presents results on the plasma nitriding of AISI 304 stainless steel at different temperatures in NH 3 gas. The working pressure was 100-200 Pa and the discharge voltage was 700-800V. The phase of nitrided layer formed on the surface was confirmed by X-ray diffraction. The hardness of the samples was measured by using a Vickers microhardness tester with the load of 50g. After nitriding at about 400 °C for two hours a nitrided layer consisting of single YN phase with thickness of 5um was obtained. Microhardness measurements showed significant increase in the hardness from 240 HV (for untreated samples) up to 950 HV (for nitrided samples at temperature of 420°C). The phase composition, the thickness, the microstructure and the surface topography of the nitrided layer as well as its properties depend essentially on the process parameters.

关键词：等离子渗氮扩展奥氏体不锈钢 AISI304

Runout prediction of potential landslides based on the multi-source data collaboration analysis on historical cases

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China Geology 2024年第2期7卷 264-276页

作者： jun sun yu Zhuang Ai-guo Xing Guizhou Geology and Mineral Engineering Construction Co. LtdGuiyang 550000China State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Long runout landslides involve a massive amount of energy and can be extremely hazardous owing to their long movement distance,high mobility and strong destructive *** methods have been widely used to predict the landslide runout but a fundamental problem remained is how to determine the reliable numerical *** study proposes a framework to predict the runout of potential landslides through multi-source data collaboration and numerical analysis of historical landslide ***,for the historical landslide cases,the landslide-induced seismic signal,geophysical surveys,and possible in-situ drone/phone videos(multi-source data collaboration)can validate the numerical results in terms of landslide dynamics and deposit features and help calibrate the numerical(rheological)***,the calibrated numerical parameters can be used to numerically predict the runout of potential landslides in the region with a similar geological setting to the recorded *** of the runout prediction approach to the 2020 Jiashanying landslide in Guizhou,China gives reasonable results in comparison to the field *** numerical parameters are determined from the multi-source data collaboration analysis of a historical case in the region(2019 Shuicheng landslide).The proposed framework for landslide runout prediction can be of great utility for landslide risk assessment and disaster reduction in mountainous regions worldwide.

关键词： Landslide runout prediction Drone survey Multi-source data collaboration DAN3D numerical modeling Jianshanying landslide Guizhou Province Geological hazards survey engineering

BL03HB: a Laue microdiffraction beamline for both protein crystallography and materials science at SSRF

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第7期35卷 68-78页

作者： Zhi-jun Wang Si-Sheng Wang Zheng-Huang Su Li yu yu-Zhu Wang Bo sun Wen Wen Xing-yu Gao Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201210China University of Chinese Academy of Science Beijing100049China

A Laue microdiffraction beamline(BL03HB) was constructed at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF).This beamline features two consecutive focusing points in two different sectors within its end station, the first dedicated to protein crystallography and the other tailored to materials science applications. Based on a superbend dipole magnet with a magnetic field of 2.29 T, a two-stage focusing design was implemented with two sets of Kirkpatrick-Baez mirrors to achieve a micro white beam as small as 4.2 μ m ×4.3 μ m at the first sector and 0.9 μ m ×1.3 μ m at the second sector in the standard beamline operation mode at SSRF. The X-ray microbeam in the two sectors can be easily switched between monochromatic and white beams by moving a four-bounce monochromator in or out of the light path, respectively. In the protein crystallography sector, white-beam Laue microdiffraction was demonstrated to successfully determine the structure of protein crystals from only a few images of diffraction data collected by a Pilatus 2 M area detector. In the materials science sector,the white-beam Laue diffraction was collected in a reflection geometry using another Pilatus 2 M area detector, which could map the microstructural distribution on the sample surface by scanning the samples. In general, the BL03HB beamline promotes the application of Laue microdiffraction in both protein crystallography and materials science. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the BL03HB beamline, end station, and the first commission results.

关键词： Crystallography White-beam Laue microdiffraction Beamline Synchrotron

Illuminating spin-crossover octanuclear metal-organic cages

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第4期67卷 1208-1215页

作者： Zhi-Kun Liu Alyona A.Starikova yu-Xia Li Ke sun Meng yu Zi-Shuo Yao jun Tao Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLiangxiang CampusBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 102488China Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry Southern Federal UniversityRostov-on-Don 344090Russia

Spin-crossover(SCO)materials that reversibly switch between high-and low-spin states have potential for the storage of spin state-relative information,and have gained much attention incorporating secondary physical properties,such as fluorescence and magneto-optical *** this study,we synthesized three octanuclear metal-organic cages(MOCs)using tetraphenylethylene-based luminophores,aldehydes,and Fe^(Ⅱ)salts,by subcomponent self-assembly approach,namely[Fe1]-[Fe3].By controlling the ligand-field strength and guest encapsulation,we finely tuned their SCO *** them,MOC[Fe2]displayed nearly complete SCO behavior in the solid state,which is rare for high-nuclearity *** also demonstrated the coupling of SCO with fluorescence emission in these MOCs by using isostructural Zn^(Ⅱ)complexes([Zn1]-[Zn3])as control experiments,for the first *** calculations revealed the energy-transfer mechanism between fluorophores and SCOactive centers,which emphasizes the significant contribution of d-d transitions in the interplay between the occurrence of SCO and fluorescence emission.

关键词： metal-organic cages spin crossover fluorescence switching materials DFT calculation

Pretreating and normalizing metabolomics data for statistical analysis

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 188-205页

作者： jun sun Yinglin Xia Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineDepartment of Microbiology/ImmunologyUIC Cancer CenterUniversity of Illinois ChicagoJesse Brown VA Medical Center Chicago(537)ChicagoIL 60612USA Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineUniversity of Illinois ChicagoChicagoIL 60612USA

Metabolomics as a research field and a set of techniques is to study the entire small molecules in biological *** is emerging as a powerful tool generally for pre-cision ***,integration of microbiome and metabolome has revealed the mechanism and functionality of microbiome in human health and ***,metabo-lomics data are very ***/pretreating and normalizing procedures on metabolomics data are usually required before statistical *** this review article,we comprehensively review various methods that are used to preprocess and pretreat metabolo-mics data,including MS-based data and NMR-based data preprocessing,dealing with zero and/or missing values and detecting outliers,data normalization,data centering and scaling,data *** discuss the advantages and limitations of each *** choice for a suitable preprocessing method is determined by the biological hypothesis,the characteristics of the data set,and the selected statistical data analysis *** then provide the perspective of their applications in the microbiome and metabolome research.

关键词： Data centering and scaling Data normalization Data transformation Missing values MS-Baseddata preprocessing NMRData preprocessing Outliers Preprocessing/pretreatment

Phase behavior of gas condensate in porous media using real-time computed tomography scanning

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Petroleum Science 2024年第2期21卷 1032-1043页

作者： Wen-Long Jing Lei Zhang Ai-Fen Li jun-Jie Zhong Hai sun Yong-Fei Yang yu-Long Cheng jun Yao Institute of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266580ShandongChina National Key Laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266580ShandongChina

The phase behavior of gas condensate in reservoir formations differs from that in pressure-volume-temperature(PVT)cells because it is influenced by porous media in the reservoir *** was used as a sample to investigate the influence of porous media on the phase behavior of the gas *** pore structure was first analyzed using computed tomography(CT)scanning,digital core technology,and a pore network *** sandstone core sample was then saturated with gas condensate for the pressure depletion *** each pressure-depletion state was stable,realtime CT scanning was performed on the *** scanning results of the sample were reconstructed into three-dimensional grayscale images,and the gas condensate and condensate liquid were segmented based on gray value discrepancy to dynamically characterize the phase behavior of the gas condensate in porous *** network models of the condensate liquid ganglia under different pressures were built to calculate the characteristic parameters,including the average radius,coordination number,and tortuosity,and to analyze the changing mechanism caused by the phase behavior change of the gas *** types of condensate liquid(clustered,branched,membranous,and droplet ganglia)were then classified by shape factor and Euler number to investigate their morphological changes dynamically and *** results show that the dew point pressure of the gas condensate in porous media is 12.7 MPa,which is 0.7 MPa higher than 12.0 MPa in PVT *** average radius,volume,and coordination number of the condensate liquid ganglia increased when the system pressure was between the dew point pressure(12.7 MPa)and the pressure for the maximum liquid dropout,Pmax(10.0 MPa),and decreased when it was below *** volume proportion of clustered ganglia was the highest,followed by branched,membranous,and droplet *** study provides crucial experimental evidence for the phase behavior chan

关键词： Gas condensate Pressure depletion Real-time micro-computed tomography scanning Distribution of condensate liquid

Topological Stability and Entropy for Certain Set-valued Maps

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第4期40卷 962-984页

作者： yu ZHANG yu jun ZHU School of Mathematical Sciences Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005P.R.China

In this paper,the dynamics(including shadowing property,expansiveness,topological stability and entropy)of several types of upper semi-continuous set-valued maps are mainly considered from differentiable dynamical systems points of *** is shown that(1)if f is a hyperbolic endomorphism then for eachε>0 there exists a C^(1)-neighborhood U of f such that the induced set-valued map F_(f,U)has theε-shadowing property,and moreover,if f is an expanding endomorphism then there exists a C^(1)-neighborhood U of f such that the induced set-valued map F_(f,U)has the Lipschitz shadowing property;(2)when a set-valued map F is generated by finite expanding endomorphisms,it has the shadowing property,and moreover,if the collection of the generators has no coincidence point then F is expansive and hence is topologically stable;(3)if f is an expanding endomorphism then for eachε>0 there exists a C^(1)-neighborhood U of f such that h(F_(f,U,ε))=h(f);(4)when F is generated by finite expanding endomorphisms with no coincidence point,the entropy formula of F is ***,the dynamics of the set-valued maps based on discontinuous maps on the interval are also considered.

关键词： Set-valued map orbit space hyperbolic endomorphism perturbation shadowing expansiveness topological stability entropy

Rational design of metal selenides nanomaterials for alkali metal ion(Li^(+)/Na^(+)/K^(+))batteries:current status and perspectives

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Rare Metals 2024年第5期43卷 1906-1931页

作者： Rui sun Feng Xu Cai-Hong Wang Sheng-jun Lu yu-Fei Zhang Hao-Sen Fan College of Materials Science and Metallurgy Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou510006China

Recently,metal selenides have obtained widespread attention as electrode materials for alkali(Li^(+)/Na^(+)/K^(+))batteries due to their promising theoretical capacity and ***,metal selenides,similar to metal oxides and sulfides,also suffer from severe volume explosion during repeated charge/discharge processes,which results in the structure collapse and the following pulverization of electrode ***,it leads to poor cycle stability and influencing their further *** order to solve these issues,some special strategies,including elemental doping,coupling with carbon materials,synthesis of the bimetal selenides with heterostructure,etc.,have been gradually applied to design novel electrode materials with outstanding electrochemical ***,the recent research progress on metal selenides as anodes for alkali ion batteries is summarized,including the regulation of crystal structure,synthesis strategies,modification methods,and electrochemical mechanisms and ***,the challenges of metal selenides and the perspective for future electrode material design are *** is hoped to pave a way for the development of metal selenide electrode materials for the potential applications for alkali metal ion(Li^(+)/Na^(+)/K^(+))batteries.

关键词： Rational design Metal selenides Nanostructure Li^(+) batteries Na^(+) batteries K^(+) batteries