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隔两年深松配合条旋耕显著提升冬小麦的氮素吸收利用效率和产量

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植物营养与肥料学报 2024年第5期30卷 863-872页

作者：王庆源于振文石玉张永丽张振山东农业大学农学院/小麦育种全国重点实验室/农业农村部作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室山东泰安271018

【目的】探究耕作方式对小麦氮代谢和氮素利用效率的影响,为小麦高产高效生产提供理论依据。【方法】长期定位试验位于山东省济宁市兖州区小孟镇,始于2007年,供试冬小麦品种为‘济麦22’。设置常年翻耕(PT)、常年旋耕(RT)、常年条旋耕(... 详细信息

【目的】探究耕作方式对小麦氮代谢和氮素利用效率的影响,为小麦高产高效生产提供理论依据。【方法】长期定位试验位于山东省济宁市兖州区小孟镇,始于2007年,供试冬小麦品种为‘济麦22’。设置常年翻耕(PT)、常年旋耕(RT)、常年条旋耕(ST)和隔两年深松+条旋耕(STS)4个处理。2023年在小麦开花期和成熟期采集植株样品,测定各器官含氮量。在开花后0~28天,每隔7天取一次样,测定旗叶硝酸还原酶(NR)、谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)活性以及游离氨基酸和可溶性蛋白含量。于成熟期,调查产量及其构成因素,并计算氮素利用效率。【结果】与PT、RT和ST处理相比,STS处理提高了小麦旗叶硝酸还原酶活性、谷氨酰胺合成酶活性、游离氨基酸与可溶性蛋白含量,增加了开花期植株各部位和成熟期籽粒的氮素积累量、花前氮素转运量和转运率以及花后氮素吸收量对籽粒的贡献率,提高了氮素吸收效率、籽粒氮素利用效率、氮素收获指数和氮肥偏生产力。其中,成熟期籽粒氮素积累量增加了8.53%~30.15%,籽粒氮分配比例增加了4.59%~14.06%,千粒重和产量分别提高了4.20%~9.96%和7.83%~18.39%,氮肥偏生产力提高了7.85%~18.40%。【结论】隔两年深松+条旋耕(STS)的耕作方式可提高小麦氮代谢相关酶活性,增强氮素的吸收和同化能力,提高氮素利用效率,同时增加小麦籽粒产量。

关键词：耕作方式小麦氮代谢氮素利用效率产量

不同播幅对小麦花后叶片光合特性和产量的影响

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作物学报 2024年第4期50卷 981-990页

作者：张振赵俊晔石玉张永丽于振文山东农业大学农学院/小麦育种全国重点实验室/农业农村部作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室山东泰安271018 中国农业科学院农业信息研究所/农业部农业信息服务技术重点实验室北京100081

为了明确不同播幅对小麦籽粒产量的影响及其形成的生理原因,本研究于2019—2020年和2020—2021年冬小麦生长季,在山东省济宁市兖州区小孟镇史家王子村小麦试验站大田试验条件下设置2种播幅处理:处理1是播幅为8 cm(B1);处理2是播幅为3 cm... 详细信息

为了明确不同播幅对小麦籽粒产量的影响及其形成的生理原因,本研究于2019—2020年和2020—2021年冬小麦生长季,在山东省济宁市兖州区小孟镇史家王子村小麦试验站大田试验条件下设置2种播幅处理:处理1是播幅为8 cm(B1);处理2是播幅为3 cm(B2)。研究了不同播幅对小麦光合特性、冠层光截获特性、干物质积累与转运和籽粒产量的影响。试验结果表明:B1处理开花后叶面积指数和冠层光合有效辐射截获率显著高于B2处理,其冠层光合有效辐射透射率显著低于B2处理;B1处理开花后旗叶叶绿素相对含量、净光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度均显著高于B2处理,其胞间二氧化碳浓度显著低于B2处理;B1处理开花期和成熟期干物质积累量、开花后干物质在籽粒中的分配量、成熟期籽粒干物质积累量均显著高于B2处理;B1处理穗粒数、千粒重均显著高于B2处理;与B2处理相比,B1处理的2年平均籽粒产量和光能利用率分别高6.12%和7.71%。综上所述,播幅为8 cm的B1处理通过塑造了合理的冠层结构,改善了开花后叶片的光合性能,有利于开花后植株的光合物质生产,从而获得了最高的籽粒产量和光能利用率,为本试验条件下的最优处理。研究为小麦宽幅播种节水高产高效栽培技术提供了理论依据。

关键词：小麦光合特性干物质积累与转运籽粒产量

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行距和种植方式对小麦光合特性和产量的影响

作物学报 2024年第9期50卷 2396-2407页

作者：张振何建宁石玉于振文张永丽山东农业大学农学院/小麦育种全国重点实验室/农业农村部作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室山东泰安271018

为研究不同行距对宽幅精播小麦产量和干物质积累与转运的影响,阐明其高产高效的生理机制,给宽幅精播技术在黄淮海平原的进一步推广提供理论依据和技术支撑,于2017-2019小麦生长季,以‘济麦22’为试验材料,在20 cm (R1)、25 cm (R2)和30 ... 详细信息

为研究不同行距对宽幅精播小麦产量和干物质积累与转运的影响,阐明其高产高效的生理机制,给宽幅精播技术在黄淮海平原的进一步推广提供理论依据和技术支撑,于2017-2019小麦生长季,以‘济麦22’为试验材料,在20 cm (R1)、25 cm (R2)和30 cm (R3) 3个行距下,设置宽幅精播(K)和常规条播(T)两种种植方式,分析不同行距下宽幅精播种植与常规条播种植对小麦旗叶光合特性、干物质积累与分配和旗叶^(13)C同化物分配特性差异。结果表明:在相同种植方式下,R2处理下小麦的旗叶净光合速率,开花期和成熟期干物质积累量,花后干物质在籽粒中的分配量和贡献率,籽粒产量均显著高于行距R1和R3处理;在R2行距下, K处理灌浆期叶面积指数、光合有效辐射截获率和开花后14、21和28d旗叶净光合速率和蒸腾速率显著高于T处理,两年度K处理通过增加穗数和粒重使得籽粒产量较T处理提高8.67%;^(13)C示踪结果显示, R2K处理旗叶^(13)C同化物在籽粒的分配量和分配比例显著高于其他处理;R2K处理开花期和成熟期干物质积累量和单茎质量、开花后干物质向籽粒的分配量和对籽粒的贡献率最高,均显著高于其他处理,获得了最高的籽粒产量。综上所述,行距25 cm、宽幅精播种植方式是本试验条件下小麦高产高效的最佳种植模式。

关键词：宽幅精播光合特性干物质 ^(13)C同化物积累与分配籽粒产量

Conceptual design of a 714-MHz RFQ for compact proton injectors and development of a new tuning algorithm on its aluminium prototype

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第1期35卷 45-58页

作者： Yi-Xing Lu wen-Cheng Fang yu-Sen Guo zhen-Tang Zhao Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101408China Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201204China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cryogenics&Superconducting RF Technology Shanghai 201800China ShanghaiTech University Shanghai 201210China

Radio frequency quadrupoles(RFQs),which are crucial components of proton injectors,significantly affect the performance of proton accelerator *** RFQ with a high frequency of 714 MHz dedicated to compact proton injectors for medi-cal applications is designed in this *** RFQ is designed to accelerate proton beams from 50 keV to 4 MeV within a short length of 2 m and can be matched closely with the downstream drift tube linac to capture more particles through a preliminary *** develop an advanced RFQ,challenging techniques,including fabrication and tuning method,must be evaluated and verified using a *** aluminium prototype is derived from the conceptual design of the RFQ and then redesigned to confirm the radio frequency performance,fabrication procedure,and feasibility of the tuning ***,a new tuning algorithm based on the response matrix and least-squares method is developed,which yields favorable results based on the prototype,i.e.,the errors of the dipole and quadrupole components reduced to a low level after several tuning *** from the conceptual design and techniques obtained from the prototype,the formal mechanical design of the 2-m RFQ is ready for the next manufacturing step.

关键词： Compact proton injector RFQ IH-DTL High gradient Tuning

Current status and prospect of treatments for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Hepatology 2023年第2期15卷 129-150页

作者： yu-Qing Yang zhen-yu wen Xiao-Yan Liu zhen-Hu Ma Yan-E Liu Xue-Ying Cao Li Hou Xie Hui Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021Jilin ProvinceChina Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021Jilin ProvinceChina Senior Department of Hepatology The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100039China Senior Department of Oncology The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100039China Department of Interventional Therapy 302 Hospital of People’s Liberation ArmyBeijing 100039China

Owing to its heterogeneous and highly aggressive nature,hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)has a high recurrence rate,which is a non-negligible problem despite the increasing number of available treatment *** clinical trials have attempted to reduce the recurrence and develop innovative treatment options for patients with recurrent *** the event of liver remnant recurrence,the currently available treatment options include repeat hepatectomy,salvage liver transplantation,tumor ablation,transcatheter arterial chemoembolization,stereotactic body radiotherapy,systemic therapies,and combination *** this review,we summarize the strategies to reduce the recurrence of high-risk tumors and aggressive therapies for recurrent ***,we discuss methods to prevent HCC recurrence and prognostic models constructed based on predictors of recurrence to develop an appropriate surveillance program.

关键词： Review Recurrence Hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatectomy Liver transplantation Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization

Enhanced red luminescence of Ca_(3)Si_(2−x)M_(x)O_(7):Eu^(3+)(M=Al,P)phosphors via partial substitution of Si^(4+) for applications in white light-emitting diodes

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Rare Metals 2024年第2期43卷 736-748页

作者： yu-Hao Ma Xi Gao wen-Tao Zhang zhen-Rui Yang Zhou Zhao Chen Qu College of Materials and Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu610059China State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu610059China International Advanced Energy Science Research and Education Center Graduate School of Energy ScienceKyoto UniversityYoshida-HonmachiKyoto606-8501Japan

A red-emitting phosphor Ca_(2.91)Si_(2)O_(7):0.09Eu^(3+) with partial Al^(3+)/P^(5+) substitution on Si^(4+) was synthesized via a simple solid-state method,and the effects of the introduction of the M^(3+/5+)(M=Al,P)ions on the crystal structure and photoluminescence performance of Ca_(2.91)Si_(2−x)M_(x)O_(7):0.09Eu^(3+) phosphors were *** X-ray diffraction(XRD),energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS),and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)results revealed that the structure of Ca_(3)Si_(2)O_(7) remained the same after the introduction of Al^(3+) and P^(5+) *** characteristic emission of Eu^(3+)-doped Ca_(3)Si_(2−x)M_(x)O_(7) phosphors exhibited two main peaks at 617 nm(red)and 593 nm(orange)under excitation at 394 nm,which originated from the^(5)D_(0)→^(7)F_(2)and^(5)D_(0)→^(7)F_(1) electron transitions of Eu^(3+) *** the partial substitution of Al^(3+) and P^(5+),the red emission intensities of the Ca_(2.91)Si_(2)O_(7):0.09Eu^(3+) phosphors were significantly enhanced by 1.88-and 1.42-fold,respectively,which is attributed to the crystal-field effect around Eu^(3+).Meanwhile,the luminescence intensities of the Ca_(2.91)Si_(1.96)Al_(0.04)O_(7):0.09Eu^(3+) and Ca_(2.91)Si_(1.94)P_(0.06)O_(7):0.09Eu^(3+) phosphors at 210℃ were 79.36%and 77.53%of those at 30°C,respectively,indicating their excellent thermal ***,the as-prepared Ca_(2.91)Si_(1.96)Al_(0.04)O_(7):0.09Eu^(3+)and Ca_(2.91)Si_(1.94)P_(0.06)O_(7):0.09Eu^(3+) red-emitting phosphors were combined with a near-ultraviolet chip of 395 nm to fabricate red-light-emitting diode(LED)and white(w)-LED devices with excellent chromaticity *** summary,Al^(3+)/P^(5+)-substituted Ca_(2.91)Si_(2)O_(7):0.09Eu^(3+) can serve as red-emitting phosphors for applications in w-LEDs.

关键词： Ca_(3)Si_(2)O_(7) Red-emitting phosphor Structure substitution Luminescence enhancement Crystal-field effect White light-emitting diode

Design and Cryogenic Performance of a Hexapod Platform for a Large Ground-based Wide Field Survey Telescope

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第1期24卷 178-187页

作者： Yang yu Xue-wen Wang yu Zhang Jia-Lin Sun zhen-Bang Xu Jian-Li Wang Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130033China Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of On-orbit Manufacturing and Integration for Space Optics System Changchun 130033China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The thermal gradient is an important factor that causes degradation to the image quality of telescopes. In order to ensure the accurate alignment of the primary focus unit and the primary mirror, the hexapod platform(as a corrector) is investigated in this paper. First, a ground-based telescope with 2.5 m aperture and 3.5 deg field of view is described. The telescope is under construction, and it is expected to be finished in 2023. Second, the hexapod platform with flexure hinges utilized to adjust the primary focus unit is proposed, which is applied as a ***, the inverse kinematics of the platform is established and an open-loop control system is built based on ***, the cryogenic performance test for the hexapod platform is performed. The experimental results show that the resolution and repeatability of the translation for the hexapod platform can be achieved at the micrometer *** resolution and repeatability of the rotation can be achieved at the arc-second level. Therefore, the cryogenic performance of the hexapod platform can meet the optical imaging requirements of the wide-field ground-based telescope. The kinematic analysis and cryogenic performance tests in the paper provide a technical reference for the precise alignment of the primary focus unit and the primary mirror, which can improve the imaging quality of the telescope.

关键词： methods:miscellaneous space vehicles:instruments telescopes miscellaneous

Sequential reactant water management by complementary multisite catalysts for surpassing platinum hydrogen evolution activity

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1232-1241页

作者： yu Lin Defang Ding Shicheng Zhu Qunlei wen Huangjingwei Li zhen Li Youwen Liu Yi Shen China Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education Faculty of Materials Science and ChemistryChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430078China State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die&Mould Technology and School of Materials Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

Alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)offers a near-zero-emission approach to advance hydrogen ***,the activity limited by the multiple reaction steps involving H_(2)O molecules transfer,absorption,and activation still unqualified the thresholds of economic ***,we proposed a multisite complementary strategy that incorporates hydrophilic Mo and electrophilic V into Ni-based catalysts to divide the distinct steps on atomically dispersive sites and thus realize sequential regulation of the HER *** Isotopic labeled in situ Raman spectroscopy describes 4-coordinated hydrogen bonded H_(2)O to be free H_(2)O passing the inner Helmholtz plane in the vicinity of the catalysts under the action of hydrophilic Mo ***,potential-dependent electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)reveals that electrophilic V sites with abundant 3d empty orbitals could activate the lone-pair electrons in the free H_(2)O molecules to produce more protic hydrogen,and dimerize into H_(2) at the Ni *** the sequential management of reactive H_(2)O molecules,NiMoV oxides multisite catalysts surpass Pt/C hydrogen evolution activity(49 mV@10 mA∙cm^(-2) over 140 h).Profoundly,this study provides a tangible model to deepen the comprehension of the catalyst–electrolyte interface and create efficient catalysts for diverse reactions.

关键词： hydrogen evolution activity complementary multisite catalysts sequential reactive water management interfacial water molecules

Cucurbit[7]uril confined phenothiazine bridged bis(bromophenyl pyridine)activated NIR luminescence for lysosome imaging

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第6期35卷 288-292页

作者： Hui-Juan Wang wen-wen Xing zhen-Hai yu Yong-Xue Li Heng-Yi Zhang Qilin yu Hongjie Zhu Yao-Yao Wang yu Liu College of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLiaocheng UniversityLiaocheng 252000China Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology College of Life SciencesNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China

Macrocycle confinement induced guest near-infrared(NIR)luminescence was research hotspot *** in,we reported a cucurbit[7]uril(CB[7])confined 3,7-bis((E)-2-(pyridin-4-yl)vinyl)-10-Hphenothiazine bridged bis(4-(4-bromophenyl)pyridine)(G),which not only boosted its NIR luminescence but also realized detection of HClO/ClO^(-)in living cells and lysosome *** spectroscopy experiments were performed to calculate the detection ability of probe G to HClO/ClO^(-)up to 147 nmol/*** compared with G,supramolecular probe G■CB[7]formed after encapsulated by CB[7],the detection ability towards HClO/ClO^(-)was improved to 24 nmol/L which was ascribe to the macrocycle CB[7]confinement increasing the fluorescence intensity to 103 *** the excitation wavelength changing,the fluorescence red-shifted to 820 nm when excited by 570 nm light,which was used to NIR lysosome ***,the supramolecular assembly G■CB[7]was also successfully used to highly sense to exogenous HClO/ClO^(-)in RAW 264.7 cells and live animal.

关键词： Phenothiazine Supramolecular assembly Macrocycle confined Probe HClO/ClO^(-)