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Text Reasoning Chain Extraction for Multi-Hop Question Answering

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第4期29卷 959-970页

作者： Pengming Wang Zijiang Zhu qing Chen Weihuang dai School of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence Wenzhou University of TechnologyWenzhou 325035China School of Computer Science and also with Institute of Intelligent Information ProcessingSouth China Business CollegeGuangdong University of Foreign StudiesGuangzhou 510545China School of Psychology Jiangxi Normal UniversityNanchang 330022China also with School of Science East China Jiaotong UniversityNanchang 330013China Institute of Intelligent Information Processing South China Business CollegeGuangdong University of Foreign StudiesGuangzhou 510545China

With the advent of the information age, it will be more troublesome to search for a lot of relevant knowledge to find the information you need. Text reasoning is a very basic and important part of multi-hop question and answer tasks. This paper aims to study the integrity, uniformity, and speed of computational intelligence inference data capabilities. That is why multi-hop reasoning came into being, but it is still in its infancy, that is, it is far from enough to conduct multi-hop question and answer questions, such as search breadth, process complexity, response speed, comprehensiveness of information, etc. This paper makes a text comparison between traditional information retrieval and computational intelligence through corpus relevancy and other computing methods. The study finds that in the face of multi-hop question and answer reasoning, the reasoning data that traditional retrieval methods lagged behind in intelligence are about 35% worse. It shows that computational intelligence would be more complete, unified, and faster than traditional retrieval methods. This paper also introduces the relevant points of text reasoning and describes the process of the multi-hop question answering system, as well as the subsequent discussions and expectations.

关键词： intelligent computing multi-hop quiz text reasoning document retrieval text complex network

Switching,explosion,and chaos of multi-wavelength soliton states in ultrafast fiber lasers

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第7期67卷 82-90页

作者： Zhi-Zeng Si yue-yue Wang Chao-qing dai College of Optical Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringZhejiang A&F UniversityLin’an 311300China

Because of the complexity and difficulty of realizing a multi-wavelength soliton state,reports on its internal dynamic characteristics are *** this study,the switching and periodic soliton explosion processes of the multi-wavelength soliton state in a negative dispersion passively mode-locked fiber laser are *** generation of the multi-wavelength soliton state undergoes the process of noise,oscillation,and stable mode-locking,and the splitting and annihilation of solitons with different group velocities directly impact the generation and disappearance of three *** and negative dispersion lead to different group velocities of *** presence and displacement of solitons with different group velocities cause soliton collisions,which lead to soliton explosions.A soliton experiences relative phase oscillation,chaos,and oscillation,as well as convergence and separation before and after an *** an increase in parameters related to pump power,single-soliton oscillation,multi-wavelength solitons,and chaos are found in experiments and simulations,proving the relevance and reliability between simulation and experimental *** work promotes the dynamical study of multi-soliton collisions in nonlinear science and the development of chaos theory in multi-comb lasers.

关键词： multi-wavelength fiber laser soliton explosion chaos state switching real-time dynamics

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Scraping therapy for knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review and Meta-analysis

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第4期44卷 633-641页

作者： CHEN Dandan JIN Qianhong SHEN yuanjuan WANG qing dai Zhengxiang School of Nursing Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine School of Nursing Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine General Surgery Department Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine Hospital Infection Control Office Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine

OBJECTIVE: To systematically evaluate the efficacy of scraping therapy on knee osteoarthritis(KOA). METHODS: A computerized search was conducted in several databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, China Science and Technology Journal Database,Wanfang, and Chinese BioMedical Literature Database,from the establishment date of these databases to April 9,2023. Randomized controlled trials(RCTs) on scraping therapy for KOA were collected in accordance with the “Participants-Intervention-Control-Outcome-Study design”criteria. The methodological evaluation of the included studies was carried out using RoB 2.0, and Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan. The Grades of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation(GRADE System) was applied to grade the quality of evidence. RESULTS: A total of 12 RCTs with 997 subjects were included in the Meta-analysis. Results indicated that compared with the control group, the scraping therapy treatment group exhibited increased Lysholm scores [mean difference(MD) = 4.96, 95% confidence intervals(CI)(3.18, 6.74), P < 0.000 01] and Hospital for Special Surgery scores [MD = 8.35, 95% CI(3.92, 12.78), P = 0.0002] and decreased visual analog scale scores [MD =-2.11, 95% CI(-3.79,-0.44), P = 0.01] and Western Ontario and McM aster University Osteoarthritis Index scores [MD =-6.77, 95% CI(-8.99,-4.56), P < 0.000 01)]. The quality of evidence obtained in this Meta-analysis was low according to the GRADE system. CONCLUSION: The available evidence suggests that scraping therapy may have certain clinical efficacy in the treatment of KOA. However, further high-quality RCTs are needed to confirm the findings.

关键词： Meta-analysis osteoarthritis, knee scraping systematic review

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Study on the optimal incident proton energy of ^(7)Li(p,n)^(7)Be neutron source for boron neutron capture therapy

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第3期35卷 170-180页

作者： Yi-Nan Zhu Zuo-Kang Lin Hai-Yan yu Ye dai Zhi-Min dai Xiao-Han yu Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China University of Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100049China

Boron neutron capture therapy(BNCT)is recognized as a precise binary targeted radiotherapy technique that effectively eliminates tumors through the^(10)B(n,α)^(7)Li nuclear *** various neutron sources,accelerator-based sources have emerged as particularly promising for BNCT ***^(7)Li(p,n)^(7)Be reaction is highly regarded as a potential neutron source for BNCT,owing to its low threshold energy for the reaction,significant neutron yield,appropriate average neutron energy,and additional *** study utilized Monte Carlo simulations to model the physical interactions within a lithium target subjected to proton bombardment,including neutron moderation by an MgF_(2)moderator and subsequent BNCT dose analysis using a Snyder head *** study focused on calculating the yields of epithermal neutrons for various incident proton energies,finding an optimal energy at 2.7 ***,the Snyder head phantom was employed in dose simulations to validate the effectiveness of this specific incident energy when utilizing a^(7)Li(p,n)^(7)Be neutron source for BNCT purposes.

关键词： Boron neutron capture therapy ^(7)Li(p,n)7Be neutron source Incident proton energy Monte Carlo simulation

Reduction of unactivated alkyl chlorides enabled by light-induced single electron transfer

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第2期67卷 471-481页

作者： Lei dai Zhao-Fei Zhang Xiang-yu Chen School of Chemical Sciences University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China Binzhou Institute of Technology Weiqiao-UCAS Science and Technology ParkBinzhou256606China

Alkyl chlorides are abundant and easily accessible starting ***,due to the high reduction potentials associated with unactivated alkyl chlorides,achieving their single electron reduction remains a persistent *** challenge has spurred the exploration of efficient activation methods to overcome this *** recent years,photocatalysis has emerged as a mild and potent tool for the single electron reduction of unactivated alkyl chlorides,opening up new possibilities in this *** the rapid advancements in this area,a comprehensive review that provides a conceptual understanding of this emerging field,with a specific focus on reaction design and catalytic mechanisms,would be timely and highly ***,we present an overview of various synthetic techniques for photoinduced single electron reduction of unactivated alkyl ***,we also discuss the limitations of the present methods and future directions that lie ahead in this field.

关键词： photocatalysis unactivated alkyl chlorides single electron transfer radical reactions

The Rate of Convergence of Augmented Lagrangian Method for Minimax Optimization Problems with Equality Constraints

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Journal of the Operations Research Society of China 2024年第2期12卷 265-297页

作者： yu-Hong dai Li-Wei Zhang LSEC ICMSECAMSSChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Institute of Operations Research and Control Theory School of Mathematical SciencesDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China

The augmented Lagrangian function and the corresponding augmented Lagrangian method are constructed for solving a class of minimax optimization problems with equality *** prove that,under the linear independence constraint qualification and the second-order sufficiency optimality condition for the lower level problem and the second-order sufficiency optimality condition for the minimax problem,for a given multiplier vectorμ,the rate of convergence of the augmented Lagrangian method is linear with respect to||μu-μ^(*)||and the ratio constant is proportional to 1/c when the ratio|μ-μ^(*)||/c is small enough,where c is the penalty parameter that exceeds a threshold c_(*)>O andμ^(*)is the multiplier corresponding to a local ***,we prove that the sequence of multiplier vectors generated by the augmented Lagrangian method has at least Q-linear convergence if the sequence of penalty parameters(ck)is bounded and the convergence rate is superlinear if(ck)is increasing to ***,we use a direct way to establish the rate of convergence of the augmented Lagrangian method for the minimax problem with a quadratic objective function and linear equality constraints.

关键词： Minimax optimization Augmented Lagrangian method.Rate of convergence Second-order sufficiency optimality

Physics of cavitation near particles

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2024年第1期36卷 102-118页

作者： Jia-xin yu Xiao-yu Wang Jun-wei Shen Jin-sen Hu Xiang-qing Zhang Da-qing He yu-ning Zhang Key Laboratory of Power Station Energy Transfer Conversion and System(Ministry of Education) School of Energy Power and Mechanical EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China

The combined effect of cavitation and silt abrasion presents a great challenge and threat to secure the operation and the efficiency of hydraulic machineries working in sediment-laden *** present paper critically reviews the current research progress on the interaction mechanisms of the bubbles and the ***,the analytical models including boundary treatment methods for predicting the jet dynamics of the bubble collapse near particles are ***,the bubble collapsing dynamics,jet dynamics and shock wave characteristics near particles are revealed both experimentally and ***,the bubble-particle-wall system is investigated with a focus on microjets.

关键词： Cavitation bubble particle jet shock wave

How plants sense and respond to osmotic stress

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第3期66卷 394-423页

作者： Bo yu dai-Yin Chao Yang Zhao Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesThe Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China Key Laboratory of Plant Carbon Capture The Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesInstitute of Plant Physiology and EcologyThe Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Drought is one of the most serious abiotic stresses to land *** sense and respond to drought stress to survive under water *** have studied how plants sense drought stress,or osmotic stress caused by drought,ever since Charles Darwin,and gradually obtained clues about osmotic stress sensing and signaling in *** stress is a physical stimulus that triggers many physiological changes at the cellular level,including changes in turgor,cell wall stiffness and integrity,membrane tension,and cell fluid volume,and plants may sense some of these stimuli and trigger downstream *** this review,we emphasized water potential and movements in organisms,compared putative signal inputs in cell wall-containing and cell wall-free organisms,prospected how plants sense changes in turgor,membrane tension,and cell fluid volume under osmotic stress according to advances in plants,animals,yeasts,and bacteria,summarized multilevel biochemical and physiological signal outputs,such as plasma membrane nanodomain formation,membrane water permeability,root hydrotropism,root halotropism,Casparian strip and suberin lamellae,and finally proposed a hypothesis that osmotic stress responses are likely to be a cocktail of signaling mediated by multiple *** also discussed the core scientific questions,provided perspective about the future directions in this field,and highlighted the importance of robust and smart root systems and efficient source-sink allocations for generating future high-yield stress-resistant crops and plants.

关键词： cell volume drought membrane tension osmotic stress turgor

Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease:Updated examination of mechanisms,pathophysiology,treatment,and association with gastroesophageal reflux disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第16期30卷 2209-2219页

作者： Na Cui Ting dai Yang Liu Ya-yu Wang Jia-yu Lin qing-Fan Zheng Dong-Dong Zhu Xue-Wei Zhu Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130033Jilin ProvinceChina Department of Ultrasound China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130033Jilin ProvinceChina Department of Gastroenterology China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130033Jilin ProvinceChina

Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease(LPRD)is an inflammatory condition in the laryngopharynx and upper aerodigestive tract mucosa caused by reflux of stomach contents beyond the *** commonly presents with symptoms such as hoarseness,cough,sore throat,a feeling of throat obstruction,excessive throat *** complex condition is thought to involve both reflux and reflex mechanisms,but a clear understanding of its molecular mechanisms is still ***,there is no standardized diagnosis or treatment *** strategies for LPRD mainly include lifestyle modifications,proton pump inhibitors and endoscopic *** paper seeks to provide a comprehensive overview of the existing literature regarding the mechanisms,pathophysiology and treatment of *** also provide an in-depth exploration of the association between LPRD and gastroesophageal reflux disease.

关键词： Laryngopharyngeal reflux Gastroesophageal reflux Head neck surgery Laryngitis Otolaryngology