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Dietary carbohydrate intake and risk of type 2 diabetes:a 16-year prospective cohort study

Science China Life Sciences 2025年

作者： Lu Gan Yi Yang Bin Zhao Kai yu Kehua Guo Fang Fang Zhiguang zhou Demetrius Albanes Jiaqi Huang Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology Ministry of Education and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University CSU-Sinocare Research Center for Nutrition and Metabolic Health Xiangya School of Public Health Central South UniversityFurong Laboratory Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute NIH Department of Health and Human Services School of Computer Science and Engineering Central South University Institute of Environmental Medicine Karolinska Institute National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology Ministry of Education and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University

Despite considerable research underscoring the importance of carbohydrate intake in relation to the risk of type 2 diabetes(T2D), a comprehensive assessment of this relationship is currently lacking. We aimed to examine the associations of various types and food sources of dietary carbohydrate intake with the risk of T2D, to evaluate potential effect modification by other factors, including genetic susceptibility,and to explore the potential mediators for such associations. The present study included 161,872 participants of the UK Biobank who were free of prevalent cancer, cardiovascular disease, or diabetes, and had at least one validated 24-h dietary recall assessment. Multivariableadjusted age-stratified Cox proportional hazard regression models were applied to estimate hazard ratios(HRs) and 95% confidence intervals(CI) for the associations of various types and food sources of dietary carbohydrate intake with risk of T2D. During a median follow-up of13.6 years, 4,176 incident cases of T2D were identified. In the multivariable-adjusted models, a greater intake of fiber, carbohydrates from whole grains, and carbohydrates from non-starchy vegetables was significantly associated with a lower risk of T2D(highest vs. lowest quantile, HR [95% CI]=0.70 [0.62–0.79], 0.74 [0.67–0.82], and 0.83 [0.75–0.92], respectively, all P for trend <0.005). In contrast, a higher intake of starch and carbohydrate from starchy vegetables was associated with an increased risk of T2D(highest vs. lowest quantile, HR [95%CI]=1.31 [1.16–1.48] and 1.19 [1.09–1.31], respectively, both P for trend <0.005). Replacing one serving of refined grains or starchy vegetables with an equal amount of whole grains or non-starchy vegetables was associated with 4% to 10% lower risk of T2D(all P values <0.001).The observed associations were generally similar across population subgroups, including individuals with different genetic susceptibility to T2D. Mediation analyses of the inverse association between T

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Pulsed dynamic electrolysis enhanced PEMWE hydrogen production:Revealing the effects of pulsed electric fields on protons mass transport and hydrogen bubble escape

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 201-214页

作者： Xuewei Zhang Wei zhou yuming Huang Liang Xie Tonghui Li Huimin Kang Lijie Wang Yang yu Yani Ding Junfeng Li Jiaxiang Chen Miaoting Sun Shuo Cheng Xiaoxiao Meng Jihui Gao Guangbo Zhao School of Energy Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology China Datang Technology Innovation Co. Ltd

The transition of hydrogen sourcing from carbon-intensive to water-based methodologies is underway,with renewable energy-powered proton exchange membrane water electrolysis （PEMWE） emerging as the preeminent pathway for hydrogen *** remarkable advancements in this field,confronting the sluggish electrochemical kinetics and inherent high-energy consumption arising from deteriorated mass transport within PEMWE systems remains a formidable *** impediment stems primarily from the hindered protons mass transfer and the untimely hydrogen bubbles *** address these challenges,we harness the inherent variability of electrical energy and introduce an innovative pulsed dynamic water electrolysis *** to constant voltage electrolysis (hydrogen production rate:51.6 m L h-1,energy consumption:5.37 kWh Nm-3H2),this strategy (hydrogen production rate:66 m L h-1,energy consumption:3.83 kWh Nm-3H2) increases the hydrogen production rate by approximately 27%and reduces the energy consumption by about 28%.Furthermore,we demonstrate the practicality of this system by integrating it with an off-grid photovoltaic （PV） system designed for outdoor operation,successfully driving a hydrogen production current of up to 500 mA under an average voltage of approximately 2 *** combined results of in-situ characterization and finite element analysis reveal the performance enhancement mechanism:pulsed dynamic electrolysis （PDE） dramatically accelerates the enrichment of protons at the electrode/solution interface and facilitates the release of bubbles on the electrode *** such,PDE-enhanced PEMWE represents a synergistic advancement,concurrently enhancing both the hydrogen generation reaction and associated transport *** promising technology not only redefines the landscape of electrolysis-based hydrogen production but also holds immense potential for broadening its application across a diverse spectrum of electrocatalytic endeavors.

关键词： Electrolysis

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红树植物拟海桑化学成分研究

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中草药 2018年第5期49卷 1025-1030页

作者：苗双满玉清周肖龙杨丽娟宫凯凯滨州医学院附属医院肿瘤研究实验室山东滨州256603 滨州医学院附属医院药学部山东滨州256603

目的对海南红树植物拟海桑Sonneratia paracaseolaris地上部分进行化学成分研究。方法采用硅胶柱色谱、ODS柱、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱、薄层色谱、高效液相色谱等方法对拟海桑化学成分进行分离纯化,通过理化性质和多种波谱数据(~1H-NMR、... 详细信息

目的对海南红树植物拟海桑Sonneratia paracaseolaris地上部分进行化学成分研究。方法采用硅胶柱色谱、ODS柱、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱、薄层色谱、高效液相色谱等方法对拟海桑化学成分进行分离纯化,通过理化性质和多种波谱数据(~1H-NMR、^(13)C-NMR)鉴定化合物的结构。结果从拟海桑地上部分的甲醇提取物中分离得到17个化合物,分别鉴定为植醇(1)、豆甾-4-烯-3,6-二酮(2)、豆甾-4,22-二烯-3,6-二酮(3)、胆甾醇(4)、(22E)-胆甾-5,22-二烯-3β-醇(5)、香叶木素(6)、小麦黄素(7)、5,3′,5′-三羟基-7,4′-二甲氧基黄酮(8)、5-羟基-7,4′-二甲氧基二氢黄酮(9)、5-羟基-7,3′,4′-三甲氧基二氢黄酮(10)、香草醛(11)、对羟基苯甲醛(12)、水杨酸(13)、反式对羟基肉桂酸乙酯(14)、4-羟基-3,5-二甲氧基苯甲醛(15)、3,4,5-三甲氧基苯甲酸(16)、3,3′,4′-三甲氧基鞣花酸(17)。结论除化合物4、11、15、17外其余化合物均为首次从海桑属植物中分离得到,所有化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。

关键词：海桑属拟海桑豆甾-4,22-二烯-3,6-二酮 5-羟基-7,3′,4′-三甲氧基二氢黄酮 3,3′,4′-三甲氧基鞣花酸

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Solar trough receiver with V-grooved light traps for efficiency improvement

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Science China Technological Sciences 2025年第1期 146-156页

作者： Bin LIU qing LI yu QIU School of Energy Science and Engineering Central South University

Parabolic trough collector is a promising technology for both domestic and industrial heat supplies. To enhance the collector efficiency, a modified trough receiver with dozens of V-grooved light traps incorporated into its lower-half absorber was introduced. For assessing the performance of this receiver, a solar-thermal-stress coupled model was established. Using this model, firstly, the effects of the V-grooved light traps were investigated. The results reveal that, compared to the conventional trough receiver, the modified trough receivers equipped with different traps can reduce their optical losses by 81.9–138.0 Wm-1（i.e., 15.0%–25.2%）, improving their optical efficiencies by 1.60%–2.69%. However, these traps also result in increased thermal loss from the receiver. Therefore, there is no single optimal modified trough receiver that consistently outperforms all other receivers across all possible conditions. Nonetheless, the MTR30-3 and MTR60-3 receivers emerge as the optimized choices due to their better solar-thermal performance. Subsequently, performance evaluation reveals that the two optimized receivers can enhance the receiver efficiencies within the typical solar irradiance range by 0.02%–2.65% and 0.05%–1.70% when the inlet fluid temperatures are below 488 and 523 K, respectively. Consequently, the collector efficiencies can be improved by 0.02%–2.49% and 0.05%–1.60%, respectively. Additionally, thermal stress analysis verifies that the two optimized receivers remain within safe limits under all typical conditions. Given that the heating temperature of a typical solar collector for domestic or industrial heat supply is typically below 523 K, the integration of the two optimized receivers has the capability to effectively enhance the overall collector efficiency.

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Unveiling phosphofructokinase as the key target: an innovative strategy combining pull-down assays with optical imaging for snail-killing mechanism exploration

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： yuxun Lu Weisi Wang Le yu yuqiang Zhao Ying Chen yunhai Guo Bingrong Luo yuhua Liu Shizhu Li Liping Duan Ying zhou yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory College of Chemical Science and Technology Yunnan University College of Biological and Chemical Engineering Guangxi University of Science and Technology National Institute of Parasitic Diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research)NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases School of Chemistry and Environment Yunnan Minzu University Dali Institute of Schistosomiasis Control

The Pomacea canaliculata, also known as apple snail, is an invasive species in China, posing a serious threat to agricultural production and public health. To prevent its rampant infestation, we developed a highly efficient snail-killing lead compound, 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(pyridin-3-yl)urea (PBQ). However, the killing mechanism of PBQ remains unclear. To elucidate this, two novel compounds, B-PBQ and J-PBQ, were developed through structural modification of PBQ and were used, through both protein pull-down assay and confocal laser scanning microscopy imaging, to identify and confirm that phosphofructokinase(PFK) in the apple snail is the primary target protein of PBQ. Further studies revealed that PBQ successfully inhibits the activity,content, and expression of PFK in apple snail, disrupting the glycolysis pathway and leading to abnormal energy *** disruptions impair the snail’s tolerance to low oxygen, resulting in its efficient eradication. These findings offer a promising direction for developing next-generation PFK-targeted snail-killing pesticides. Furthermore, the strategy of combining pull-down assays with optical imaging used in this work provides a novel approach for the exploration of mechanisms of other pesticide candidates.

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成人腭裂临床分析

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新乡医学院学报 2009年第4期26卷 378-380页

作者：周永庆喻学洲余伟李鹏郧阳医学院附属人民医院口腔科湖北十堰442000

目的通过对成人腭裂临床特点的分析,探讨腭裂对上颌骨生长发育的影响。方法对42例成人腭裂的中耳功能、免疫指标和咽腔深度、裂隙宽度、裂隙两侧腭部宽度及软腭长度等临床特征进行测量。结果成人腭裂多数患者裂隙增宽、硬腭宽度、软腭... 详细信息

目的通过对成人腭裂临床特点的分析,探讨腭裂对上颌骨生长发育的影响。方法对42例成人腭裂的中耳功能、免疫指标和咽腔深度、裂隙宽度、裂隙两侧腭部宽度及软腭长度等临床特征进行测量。结果成人腭裂多数患者裂隙增宽、硬腭宽度、软腭长度不足,扁桃体肿大、下鼻甲肥大及咽后壁滤泡增生等并发症及传导性耳聋发病率高,与术前比较,术后B因子、C3、IgA和IgM显著升高(P<0.05)。结论成人腭裂患者上颌骨发育不足,手术难度增加,并发症较多。

关键词：腭裂成人上颌骨并发症

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Effects of ultrasonic-assisted extraction on bioactive compounds,volatile flavors and antioxidant activities of vine tea water extracts

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Traditional Medicine Research 2025年第1期10卷 73-81页

作者： Xiao-Long zhou Wei-Jin Jiang Ji yu Mao-Jun Yao yun-Tong Li Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research Resource Mining and High-valued Utilization on Edible&Medicinal PlantCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringJishou UniversityJishou 416000China Hunan Gaoge Dairy Co. Ltd.Changsha 410000China

Background:Ampelopsis grossedentata,vine tea,which is the tea alternative beverages in *** vine tea processing,a large amount of broken tea is produced,which has low commercial ***:This study investigates the influence of different extraction methods(room temperature water extraction,boiling water extraction,ultrasonic-assisted room temperature water extraction,and ultrasonic-assisted boiling water extraction,referred to as room temperature water extraction(RE),boiling water extraction(BE),ultrasonic assistance at room temperature water extraction(URE),and ultrasonic assistance in boiling water extraction(UBE))on the yield,dihydromyricetin(DMY)content,free amino acid composition,volatile aroma components,and antioxidant properties of vine tea ***:A notable influence of extraction temperature on the yield of vine tea extracts(P<0.05),with BE yielding the highest at 43.13±0.26%,higher than that of RE(34.29±0.81%).Ultrasound-assisted extraction significantly increased the DMY content of the extracts(P<0.05),whereas DMY content in the RE extracts was 59.94±1.70%,that of URE reached 66.14±2.78%.Analysis revealed 17 amino acids,with L-serine and aspartic acid being the most abundant in the extracts,nevertheless ultrasound-assisted extraction reduced total free amino acid *** chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis demonstrated an increase in the diversity and quantity of compounds in the vine tea water extracts obtained through ultrasonic-assisted ***,69 and 68 volatile compounds were found in URE and UBE extracts,which were higher than the number found in RE and BE *** vitro,antioxidant activity assessments revealed varying antioxidant capacities among different extraction methods,with RE exhibiting the highest DPPH scavenging rate,URE leading in ABTS•+free radical scavenging,and BE demonstrating superior ferric ion reducing antioxidant ***:The findings suggest that extraction methods signi

关键词： vine tea dihydromyricetin ultrasonic-assisted extraction volatile aroma components

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车辆动力学性能方向性地面监测研究

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铁道机车车辆 2009年第6期29卷 28-30,80页

作者：扈海军于卫东曾宇清周忠良张岩中国铁道科学研究院机车车辆研究所北京100081

利用TPDS采集到的货车动力学相关参数,结合HMIS及ATIS的相关信息,分析货车运行方向对动力学的影响,建议对GB5599-85修订中添加试验车辆必须双向运行的内容。

关键词：动力学轮轴脱轨系数动轮比标准

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Analysis of dipole noise level characteristics of NACA0015 hydrofoil under different working conditions

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2021年第1期33卷 63-73页

作者： An yu Yi-fu Wang qing-hong Tang Da-qing zhou College of Energy and Electrical Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China

In this paper,the flow field around NACA0015 hydrofoil is calculated under the condition of two-phase cavitating flow to provide a theoretical guidance for reducing the cavitation noise.A modified turbulence model coupled with the Zwart cavitation model is used to calculate the flow *** to the computed sound source data,the dipole sound pressure distribution diagrams for the extremely short time and the complete time around the hydrofoil under different working conditions are *** sound pressure distribution and the sound pressure amplitude are analyzed in *** addition,the field points around the hydrofoil are selected to generate the corresponding frequency response function curves,which are analyzed from the aspects of the trend,the variation and the extreme *** results show that the dipole characteristics are gradually diminished and finally disappear with the increase of the *** the frequency of the vapor volume fraction fluctuation,the noise level at the field point will have an extreme value.

关键词： Cavitating flow dipole noise sound field distribution frequency response

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窝沟封闭术联合氟保护漆在预防儿童龋齿中的疗效分析

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中国初级卫生保健 2017年第10期31卷 33-34页

作者：王梓欣窦芳玉周庆云甘肃省妇幼保健院兰州730050 兰州大学口腔医学院兰州730000

目的探析窝沟封闭术联合氟保护漆在预防儿童龋齿中的疗效,旨在为今后临床预防儿童龋齿做借鉴。方法前瞻性选取甘肃省妇幼保健院口腔科2014年6月—2017年1月期间收治的80例龋齿患儿为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为两组,每组各40例。对... 详细信息

目的探析窝沟封闭术联合氟保护漆在预防儿童龋齿中的疗效,旨在为今后临床预防儿童龋齿做借鉴。方法前瞻性选取甘肃省妇幼保健院口腔科2014年6月—2017年1月期间收治的80例龋齿患儿为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为两组,每组各40例。对照组给予窝沟封闭术进行预防,观察组给予窝沟封闭术联合氟保护漆进行预防,观察两组患者处理前后龋面均值、龋均,并记录两组患儿发病率及脱落率。结果治疗后,龋面均值、龋均较治疗前明显降低(P<0.05),且观察组龋面均值、龋均显著低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后,观察组发病率为7.50%,明显低于对照组的25.00%(P<0.05)。结论窝沟封闭术联合氟保护漆在预防儿童龋齿中的疗效确切,值得临床上应用与推广。

关键词：窝沟封闭术氟保护漆儿童龋齿

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