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How plants sense and respond to osmotic stress

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第3期66卷 394-423页

作者： Bo yu Dai-Yin Chao Yang zhao Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesThe Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China Key Laboratory of Plant Carbon Capture The Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesInstitute of Plant Physiology and EcologyThe Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Drought is one of the most serious abiotic stresses to land *** sense and respond to drought stress to survive under water *** have studied how plants sense drought stress,or osmotic stress caused by drought,ever since Charles Darwin,and gradually obtained clues about osmotic stress sensing and signaling in *** stress is a physical stimulus that triggers many physiological changes at the cellular level,including changes in turgor,cell wall stiffness and integrity,membrane tension,and cell fluid volume,and plants may sense some of these stimuli and trigger downstream *** this review,we emphasized water potential and movements in organisms,compared putative signal inputs in cell wall-containing and cell wall-free organisms,prospected how plants sense changes in turgor,membrane tension,and cell fluid volume under osmotic stress according to advances in plants,animals,yeasts,and bacteria,summarized multilevel biochemical and physiological signal outputs,such as plasma membrane nanodomain formation,membrane water permeability,root hydrotropism,root halotropism,Casparian strip and suberin lamellae,and finally proposed a hypothesis that osmotic stress responses are likely to be a cocktail of signaling mediated by multiple *** also discussed the core scientific questions,provided perspective about the future directions in this field,and highlighted the importance of robust and smart root systems and efficient source-sink allocations for generating future high-yield stress-resistant crops and plants.

关键词： cell volume drought membrane tension osmotic stress turgor

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Construction technology for deep tunnels crossing superhigh-temperature fault zones with high water surges

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第8期18卷 1267-1280页

作者： Yong zhao Tingyu ZHU Li yu Ming LU Sichuan–Xizang Railway Co. Ltd.Linzhi 860000China School of Civil Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610036China

The harsh environment in tunnels with high geothermal temperatures and humidity can adversely impact machinery,personnel,and *** main causes of specific problems are the unknown mechanisms of local geothermal formation,inappropriate temperature control measures,and insufficient systematic *** this study,three work sections relating to a high geothermal tunnel are:the tunnel face,middle-of-tunnel section,and outside-oftunnel section.A cooling strategy is proposed to offer technical support in achieving comprehensive cooling,overall as well as for each of the ***,a comprehensive geological survey explores the mechanism and exact location of the heat ***,grouting and centralized drainage measures are used to control the heat release of hot *** ventilation,ice chillers and other applicable measures are used to control the ambient ***,a monitoring and early warning system is established to prevent *** cooling strategy has been applied in the field with good results.

关键词： high geothermal tunnels cooling strategy comprehensive cooling measures safety and security

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Organic interfacial engineering of gold nanowires for selective glycerol electrooxidation

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第3期35卷 502-507页

作者： Zhe Wang Qingling Hong Boqiang Miao Tianjiao Wang yu Ding Pujun Jin pei Chen yu Chen Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry(Ministry of Education)Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy DevicesSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an 710062China

The selective electrochemical conversion of glycerol into value-added products is a green and sustainable strategy for the biomass *** this work,Au nanowires(Au-NW)modified with polyethyleneimine(pei)molecule(Au-NW@pei)is obtained by an up-bottom post-modification *** characterization,molecular dynamics simulation and density functional theory demonstrate that the loose-packed pei monolayer firmly and uniformly distribute on the Au-NW surface due to the strong Au-N *** experiments and product analysis display that pei modification significantly enhance the electro-activity of Au-NW for the glycerol electro-oxidation reaction(GEOR)due to the electronic ***,the steric hindrance and electrostatic effect of pei layer make the optimizing adsorption of intermediates ***,the selectivity of C3 product glyceric acid over Au-NW@pei is increased by nearly 20%.The work thus indicates that the rational design of metal-organic interface can effectively elevate the electro-activity and selectivity of Au nanostructures,which may have wide application in biomass development.

关键词： Glycerol electrooxidation reaction Organic interface engineering Gold-based nanomaterials Electrocatalysis Selectivity

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New model of linkage evolution for the transtensional fault systems in the Nanpu Sag of Bohai Bay Basin: Insight from seismic interpretation and analogue modelling

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Petroleum Science 2024年第4期21卷 2287-2310页

作者： yu-Heng Wang Fu-Sheng yu Bao-Yin zhao Ling-Jian Meng College of Geosciences China University of Petroleum (Beijing) State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum (Beijing) Jidong Oilfield Company PetroChina Limited Company

The evolution of faults within the same stress field is frequently influenced by numerous factors,involving the reactivation of pre-existing structures, stress transmission through ductile detachment layers, and the growth, interaction, as well as linkage of new fault segments. This study analyses a complex multi-phase oblique extension fault system in the Nanpu Sag(NPS) of the Bohai Bay Basin(BBB),China. High-resolution three-dimensional(3D) seismic data and analogue modelling indicate that the oblique extensional reactivation of pre-existing structures governs the sequential arrangement of fault segments in the caprock, and they dip synthetically to the reactivated fault at depth. During the NW-SE extension in the Eocene, the predominant movement of the pre-existing fault is strike-slip. Subsequently,during the N-S extension since the Oligocene, inclined at *** the pre-existing fault, forming splay fault segments and ultimately creating large en-echelon arcuate faults linked by relay ramps. Using fault throw-distance(T-D) and laser scanning, we reconstructed the fault evolution model of oblique extension reactivation in the presence of a ductile detachment basement. Our study illustrates that the arcuate faults can be categorized into linear master fault segments controlled by pre-existing structures, bending splay faults in the termination zone, and normal fault segments responding to the regional stress *** interaction between faults occurs among normal faults and strike-slip faults, and the kinematic unification of the two fault systems is accomplished in the intersection zone. As the faults continue to evolve, the new fault segments tend to relinquish the control of pre-existing structures and concentrate more on the development of planar and continuous major faults. The ductile detachment layer significantly contributes to the uniform distribution of strain, resulting in narrow shear zones and discontinuous normal faults in its absence.

关键词： Analogue modelling Transtensional deformation Fault linkage Fault intersection zone Nanpu Sag of Bohai Bay basin

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Liu-Jun-Zi decoction alleviates chemotherapy-induced anorexia by regulating gut microbiota and TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB p65 signaling pathway

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Traditional Medicine Research 2024年第8期9卷 47-58页

作者： yu-Jie Gao Xi-pei Wu Bin-Bin Ye Yong-zhao Dai Yao-Zhong zhao Xiu-Xiu Liao Ke Nie School of Chinese Materia Medica Guangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

Background:Liu-Jun-Zi decoction(LJZD),a classical nourishing formula in China,has been proven to be effective in treating chemotherapy-induced *** this study,the mechanism of LJZD in alleviating chemotherapy-induced anorexia was discussed from the aspects of regulating gut microbiota,repairing intestinal barrier injury and inhibiting inflammatory ***:A rat model of chemotherapy-induced anorexia was established using *** study evaluated the therapeutic effects of LJZD by observing the weight,food intake,and intestinal pathology of *** impact of LJZD on gut microbiota and metabolites,specifically short-chain fatty acids,was investigated through gut microbiota analysis and targeted *** anti-inflammatory and intestinal protective effects of LJZD were assessed by examining the expression of intestinal tight junction proteins associated with the inflammatory ***:LJZD alleviated cisplatin-induced inflammation and intestinal barrier disruption,as evidenced by upregulated expression of tight junction protein 1(TJ-1)and occludin,along with reduced serum levels of interleukin 6(IL-6),interleukin-1β(IL-1β),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),and ***,LJZD alleviated microbiota imbalance and regulated the levels of short-chain fatty acids,especially increased the relative abundance of Coriobacteriales Incertae Sedis,Lactabacillus johnsonii F19785,Parasutterella,and reduced the *** the hypothalamus,LJZD exerts suppressive effects on the toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)/myeloid differentiation factor 88(MyD88)/nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)p65 signaling pathway,leading to a downregulation in the transcriptional activity of IL-6 and IL-1β,as well as Interleukin 6 receptors(IL-6R)and Interleukin-1βreceptors(IL-1R1)mRNA expression ***:In summary,LJZD alleviate chemotherapy-induced anorexia by modulating the gut microbiota,repairing the intestinal mechanical barriers,and suppressing the TLR4

关键词： Liu-Jun-Zi decoction chemotherapy-induced anorexia cisplatin TLR4/MyD818/NF-κB p65 gut microbiota rat

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Efficient degradation of aqueous dichloromethane by an enhanced microbial electrolysis cell:Degradation kinetics,microbial community and metabolic mechanisms

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 150-159页

作者： Meng Wu Di zhao Bing Gu ZiruWang Jun Hu Zhiliang yu Jianming yu College of Environment College of Biotechnology and BioengineeringCollaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green PharmaceuticalsZhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014China Shentuo Environment(Hangzhou)Co.Ltd. Hangzhou 311121China Zhejiang Tianyi Environmental Co.Ltd. Hangzhou 310000China

Dichloromethane(DCM)has been listed as a toxic and harmful water pollutant,and its re moval needs *** electrolysis cells(MECs)are viewed as a promising alterna tive for pollutant removal,which can be strengthened from two aspects:microbial inocula tion and *** this study,the MEC for DCM degradation was inoculated with the ac tive sludge enhanced by Methylobacterium rhodesianum H13(strain H13)and then acclimated in the form of a microbial fuel cell(MFC).Both the introduction of strain H13 and the initi ation in MFC form significantly promoted DCM *** degradation kinetics were fitted by the Haldane model,with V_(max),K_(h),K_(i)and v_(max)values of 103.2 mg/L/hr,97.8 mg/L268.3 mg/L and 44.7 mg/L/hr/cm^(2),*** cyclic voltammogram implies that DCM redox reactions became easier with the setup of MEC,and the electrochemical impedance spectrogram shows that the acclimated and enriched microbes reduced the charge transfe resistance from the electrode to the *** the biofilm,the dominant genera shifted from Geobacter to Hyphomicrobium in acclimation ***,Methylobacterium played an increasingly important *** metabolism mainly occurred through the hydrolytic glutathione S-transferase pathway,given that the gene dcmA was identified rather than the dhlA and P450/*** exogenous electrons facilitated the reduction of GSSG,directly o indirectly accelerating the GSH-catalyzed *** study provides support fo the construction of an efficient and stable MEC for DCM removal in water environment.

关键词： Dichloromethane Microbial electrolysis cells Metabolic pathways Electron transfer Degradation kinetics

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Optimization of mixing speed and time to disperse the composite conductive agent composed of carbon black and graphene in lithium-ion battery slurry

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Particuology 2024年第9期92卷 1-12页

作者： Zhilong Wang Jialong Tu Xinhao yu Feixiang Li Zhenzhen zhao Yahui Cui Tong zhao Faculty of Mechanical and Precision Instrument Engineering Xi'an University of TechnologyXi'an710048China

This paper proposed an optimal approach to disperse the composite conductive agent which is composed of carbon black(CB)and graphene(Gr)within lithium-ion battery(LIB)slurry with different mixing speeds and mixing *** internal structures of LIB slurry are characterized by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy,Scanning Electron Microscopy,and Raman ***,a composite conductive solution is prepared by mixing the composite conductive agent with NMP solvent under the conditions of five different mixing speeds n_(1)(n_(1)=1000,1100,1200,1300,1400 rpm)in the case of mixing time t_(1)=10 ***,LIB slurry is prepared by blending the composite conductive solution,LiCoO_(2)and PVDF-NMP solution under the conditions of five different mixing speeds n_(2)(n_(2)=1000±280,1100±280,1200±280,1300±280,1400±280 rpm)in the case of mixing time t_(2)=6 *** analyzing the internal structure of different LIB slurries,it shows that in the case of n_(1)=n_(2)=1200 rpm,a conductive network structure is well formed within LIB ***,in order to determine the optimal time to prepare the composite conductive solution for LIB slurry,nine different t_(1)(t_(1)=0,10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80 min)are *** analyzing the internal structure of different LIB slurries,a well-formed conductive network structure and a uniformly distributed composite conductive agent are deduced in LIB slurry when t_(1)=50 ***,it can be concluded that the composite conductive agent composed of CB and Gr is able to be uniformly dispersed in LIB slurry by establishing a well-formed conductive network structure under the optimal mixing speed n_(1)=n_(2)=1200 rpm and the optimal mixing time t_(1)=50 min,t_(2)=6 *** kind of the internal structure has the potential to be used to further analyze the dispersion characterizations of LIB slurry under different composite conductive agent and CB/Gr ratios with the aim of improving the final performance of LIB.

关键词： Lithium-ion battery slurry Composite conductive agent Carbon black Graphene

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Source apportionment and specific-source-site risk of quinolone antibiotics for effluent-receiving urban rivers and groundwater in a city, China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第10期144卷 185-198页

作者： yu zhao yuanmeng Song Lulu Zhang Bo zhao Mengqi Lu Jiansheng Cui Wenzhong Tang State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100085China College of Environment Science and Engineering Hebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhuang 050000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

There is a large surface-groundwater exchange downstream ofwastewater treatment plants(WWTPs),and antibiotics upstream may influence sites downstream of ***,samples from 9 effluent-receiving urban rivers(ERURs)and 12 groundwater sites were collected in Shijiazhuang City in December 2020 and April *** ERURs,8 out of 13 target quinolone antibiotics(QNs)were detected,and the total concentration of QNs in December and April were 100.6-4,398 ng/L and 8.02–2,476 ng/L,*** groundwater,all target QNs were detected,and the total QNs concentration was 1.09–23.03 ng/L for December and 4.54–170.3 ng/L for *** distribution of QNs was dissimilar between ERURs and *** QN concentrations were weakly correlated with land use types in the *** results of a positive matrix factorization model(PMF)indicated four potential sources of QNs in both ERURs and groundwater,and WWTP effluents were the main source of *** December to April,the contribution of WWTP effluents and agricultural emissions increased,while livestock activities *** value decomposition(SVD)results showed that the spatial variation of most QNs was mainly contributed by sites downstream(7.09%-88.86%)of ***,a new method that combined the results of SVD and PMF was developed for a specific-source-site risk quotient(SRQ),and the SRQ for QNs was at high level,especially for the sites downstream of *** temporal variation,the SRQ for WWTP effluents,aquaculture,and agricultural emissions ***,in order to control the antibiotic pollution,more attention should be paid to WWTP effluents,aquaculture,and agricultural emission sources for the benefit of sites downstream of WWTPs.

关键词： Source apportionment Singular value decomposition Positive matrix factorization model Quinolone antibiotics(QNs) Specific-source-site risk quotient(SRQ) WWTP effluents

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Carbon dots-derived three-dimensional-ordered macroporous host with high penetrability and catalytic activity for LSBs under lean electrolyte

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Rare Metals 2024年第6期43卷 2560-2573页

作者： Jiao-Zi Duan Hua-yu pei Quan Yang Xue Li Xin Ba Xue Yong Jun-Ling Guo Si-yu Lu Green Catalysis Center College of ChemistryZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Country State Center for International Cooperation On Designer Low-Carbon&Environmental Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Hubei Institute of Quality Supervision Inspection Wuhan 430061China Department of Chemistry University of SheffieldSheffeld S37HFUK

The practical energy density of lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs)is seriously limited by the high electrolyte-to-sulfur ratios(E/S).The E/S can be reduced by employing hosts with easy-to-infiltrate structure that ensures the uniform distribution of a lean electrolyte and high catalytic activity that can suppress"shuttle effect"via accelerating the slow conversion of soluble poly sulfides to insoluble *** the easy-to-infiltrate structures,the three-dimensional-ordered macroporous(3DOM)structure is easier to scale preparation and more suitable for the existing industrial ***,it is difficult to obtain the 3DOM with(1)high penetrability due to the high viscosity of frequently-used organic polymer precursors and(2)high catalytic activity due to the low confinement effect,meaning that uniformly dispersed small-sized catalytic materials are difficult to load on ***,using carbon dots(CDs)with both organic and inorganic properties as a precursor and aggregation limiting agent,a 3DOM host with high penetrability and homodispersed Ni particles of small sizes(Ni-CDs-3DOM)was *** this host:(1)CDs precursor with suitable viscosity can improve the penetrability.(2)CDs can effectively inhibit the agglomeration of Ni particles.(3)Uniformly dispersed small-size Ni particles offer high-efficiency catalytic activity toward sulfur ***,the Ni-CDs-3DOM/sulfur cathode exhibits high sulfur utilization and stable cycling performance even under high sulfur loading(5.5 mg·cm^(-2))and low E/S(6.5μl·mg^(-1)).This work indicates the usefulness of CDs in constructing hosts for LSBs with high energy density.

关键词： Lithium-sulfur batteries Carbon dots Catalytic action Easy-to-infiltrate structure Lean electrolyte

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Surgical treatment of chronic pancreatitis

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2002年第3期1卷 462-464页

作者： Quan Liao Wei-Wei Wu Bing-Lu Li Tai-Ping Zhang yu-pei zhao the Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China Department of General Surgery Peking Union Med. College Hospital Beijing 100730 China

Objective: To summarize the experience in the surgi- cal treatment of chronic pancreatitis. Methods: 189 patients with pancreatitis admitted from May 1983 to August 1999 to our hospital were reviewed. Results: 136 (72 %) patients received surgical treat- ment including pancreatoduodenectomy (15 pa- tients), distal pancreatectomy (12), internal drain- age of pancreatic pseudocyst (28), side-to-side pan- creaticojejunostomy (16), relief of biliary stenosis (58), and pancreatic biopsy (7). Pain was relieved in 97.8 % of the patients, and the complication rate was 1.5%. Conclusions: It is crucial to select various surgical strategies at a proper time for chronic pancreatitis patients. Patients with chronic pancreatitis compli- cated by dilation or obstruction of the pancreatic duct or with biliary pancreatitis should be operated on in early stages, whereas those with other types of chronic pancreatitis should receive the therapy focu- sing on the alleviation of their symptoms, not on ear- ly surgical intervention. The timing and modality of surgery are important in improving the life quality of the patients and changing their natural history of the disease.

关键词： chronic pancreatitis surgical procedures

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