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Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors protect tissues via cellular and mitochondrial pathways:Experimental and clinical evidence

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World Journal of Experimental Medicine 2024年第2期14卷 46-52页

作者： Raúl Lelio Sanz Sebastián García menéndez Felipe Inserra Leon Ferder Walter Manucha Department of Pathology Facultad de Ciencias MédicasUniversidad Nacional de CuyoMendoza 5500Argentina Department of Pharmacology Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de CuyoCentro Científico TecnológicoMendoza 5500Argentina Department of Nephrology Universidad de MaimónidesCiudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1405Argentina Department of Cardiology Universidad de MaimónidesCiudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1405Argentina

Mitochondrial dysfunction is a key driver of cardiovascular disease(CVD)in metabolic syndrome and *** dysfunction promotes the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS),which cause oxidative stress and *** II,the main mediator of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system,also contributes to CVD by promoting ROS *** activity of sirtuins(SIRTs),a family of proteins that regulate cellular metabolism,also worsens oxidative *** of energy production by mitochondria is a common feature of all metabolic *** SIRT levels and 5’adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase signaling stimulate hypoxia-inducible factor 1 beta,which promotes ***,in turn,increases autophagy and mitophagy,processes that clear cells of debris and protect against *** cotransporter-2 inhibitors(SGLT2i),a class of drugs used to treat type 2 diabetes,have a beneficial effect on these *** clinical trials have shown that SGLT2i improves cardiac function and reduces the rate of cardiovascular and renal ***2i also increase mitochondrial efficiency,reduce oxidative stress and inflammation,and strengthen *** findings suggest that SGLT2i hold great potential for the treatment of ***,they are proposed as anti-aging drugs;however,rigorous research is needed to validate these preliminary findings.

关键词： Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors Cardiovascular diseases Sirtuins Oxidative stress Inflammation Mitochondrial dysfunction

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流体喷管对脉冲爆震发动机推进性能的影响

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航空动力学报 2024年第2期39卷 47-56页

作者：门凯邱华严宇熊姹陈山山西北工业大学动力与能源学院西安710129 西安航天动力研究所热过程重点实验室西安710100

为了进一步提高脉冲爆震发动机(PDE)的推进性能,对PDE使用流体喷管模型进行了多循环数值模拟研究,并提出了主次流错相位喷注方案。结果表明:主次流错相位喷注方案不仅可以调节主流和二次流的有效流通面积,改善喷管的非设计点状态,而且... 详细信息

为了进一步提高脉冲爆震发动机(PDE)的推进性能,对PDE使用流体喷管模型进行了多循环数值模拟研究,并提出了主次流错相位喷注方案。结果表明:主次流错相位喷注方案不仅可以调节主流和二次流的有效流通面积,改善喷管的非设计点状态,而且可以提高爆震室内可燃气最终充填压力,增强爆震燃烧强度;在主次流错相位喷注方案下,喷管主流进口瞬时气流总压相对喷管设计点的离散程度明显下降,有效改善了喷管的非设计点状态;最佳的主次流相位差为反传压缩波恰好传播至爆震室头部这一工况,最佳的二次流喷注位置为喷管喉部;相比基准喷管的最大比冲性能,PDE使用流体喷管可以产生5.64%的比冲增益。

关键词：脉冲爆震发动机喷管二次流内流分析推进性能

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Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Atmospheric Brown Carbon Emission from Combustion Sources in China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2024年

作者： OUYANG Shuyu JIANG Ke XIONG Rui men Yatai LUO Zhihan XING Ran SHEN Guofeng College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking University College of Ecology and Environment Zhengzhou University Institute of Carbon Neutrality Peking University

Atmospheric Brown Carbon(BrC) with strong wavelength-dependence light-absorption ability can significantly affect radiative forcing. Highly resolved emission inventories with lower uncertainties are important premise and essential in scientifically evaluating impacts of emissions on air quality, human health and climate change. This study developed a bottom-up inventory of primary BrC from combustion sources in China from 1960 to 2016 with a spatial resolution at 0.1° × 0.1°, based on compiled emission factors and detailed activity data. The primary BrC emission in China was about 593 Gg(500–735 Gg as interquartile range) in 2016, contributing to 7%(5%–8%) of a previously estimated global total BrC emission. Residential fuel combustion was the largest source of primary BrC in China, with the contribution of 67% as the national average but ranging from 25% to 99% among different provincial regions. Significant spatial disparities were also observed in the relative shares of different fuel types. Coal combustion contribution varied from 8% to99% across different regions. Heilongjiang and North China Plain had high emissions of primary BrC. Generally, on the national scale,spatial distribution of BrC emission density per area was aligned with the population distribution. Primary BrC emission from combustion sources in China have been declined since a peak of ～1300 Gg in 1980, but the temporal trends were distinct in different *** high-resolution inventory developed here enables radiative forcing simulations in future atmospheric models so as to promote better understanding of carbonaceous aerosol impacts in the Earth's climate system and to develop strategies achieving co-benefits of human health protection and climate change.

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Neural and Behavioral Measures of Stress-induced Impairment in Error Awareness and Post-error Adjustment

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第7期40卷 937-951页

作者： Na Hu Quanshan long Xiaoxi Wang Quan Li Qing Li Antao Chen School of Preschool and Special Education Kunming UniversityKunming 650214China Faculty of Education Yunnan Normal UniversityKunming 650214China College of Teacher Education Qujing Normal UniversityQujing 655099China Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality of Ministry of Education Faculty of PsychologySouthwest UniversityChongqing 400715China School of Psychology Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China

Exposure to stress negatively affects error processing,but the impact of stress on error awareness remains to be *** the present study,we examined the temporal dynamics of error awareness and post-error adjustment following acute ***-nine healthy men were randomly assigned to the control(n=26)or stress group(n=23).After stress induction,participants completed the error awareness task,and their brain activity was assessed by *** to the control group,the stress group demonstrated lower error awareness accuracy and smaller Pe(error positivity)andΔPe amplitudes following aware error responses,which indicated impairment of error awareness following ***,the stress group had lower accuracy in post-aware error responses than in post-unaware error responses and the control group,which indicated poor post-error adjustment following *** results showed a stress effect on sequential stages of error *** induces impaired error identification,which further generates maladaptive post-error performance.

关键词： Acute stress Error awareness Post-error adjustment Error positivity

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“全球南方”框架下的新时代中国——发展中国家关系

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国际观察 2024年第1期 67-94页

作者：门洪华俞燕芳同济大学政治与国际关系学院上海200092

“全球南方”正在成为全球经济增长的动力,其独立的政治立场给国际关系调整带来深刻影响。中国有必要理性认识“全球南方”对新时代中国—发展中国家关系再定位的影响并适时进行外交政策调整。“全球南方”崛起是百年变局的重要变量,应... 详细信息

“全球南方”正在成为全球经济增长的动力,其独立的政治立场给国际关系调整带来深刻影响。中国有必要理性认识“全球南方”对新时代中国—发展中国家关系再定位的影响并适时进行外交政策调整。“全球南方”崛起是百年变局的重要变量,应在中国外交战略设计中突出其关键性地位。党的十八大以来,中国紧紧围绕“全球南方”与发展中国家这一身份,以构建人类命运共同体和新型国际关系为指引,以完善全球伙伴关系网络和扩大个体情感认同为路径,通过合作平台的搭建与全球治理机制的重塑,积极推动与发展中国家关系的深入全面发展。与此同时,“全球南方”的脆弱性与内部博弈、西方国家对“全球南方”的拉拢和分化,使中国—发展中国家关系面临诸多挑战。面向未来,中国应继续以发展中大国的身份引领“全球南方”合作、落实好中国三大全球倡议,统筹国家、地区与全球布局,构建起以点带面、聚面成网的机制体系,形成政治、经贸、安全、人文等多轮驱动的复合型结构,实现中国—发展中国家关系的全面发展。

关键词：全球南方发展中国家大国担当理念创新制度化合作

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超临界二氧化碳系统用箔片气体动压轴承静特性研究

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振动工程学报 2024年第5期37卷 875-884页

作者：朱鹏程管玉坤门日秀程振宇冯凯湖南大学汽车车身先进设计制造国家重点实验室湖南长沙410082 中国北方发动机研究所柴油机增压技术重点实验室天津300400

超临界二氧化碳动力循环系统对实现节能减排的目标有着十分积极的作用。针对一种箔片气体动压轴承结构建立了计算模型,并通过拟合非理想状态气体超临界二氧化碳的密度与压力之间的关系,基于传热学模型和气体润滑能量方程分析了轴承气膜... 详细信息

超临界二氧化碳动力循环系统对实现节能减排的目标有着十分积极的作用。针对一种箔片气体动压轴承结构建立了计算模型,并通过拟合非理想状态气体超临界二氧化碳的密度与压力之间的关系,基于传热学模型和气体润滑能量方程分析了轴承气膜温升,结合实际运行过程中出现的湍流效应修正润滑气体雷诺方程、耦合力学分析模型和能量方程,分析S-CO_(2)介质箔片气体动压轴承的静特性,并与空气作为介质进行对比分析不同系统参数和湍流参数对轴承特性的影响规律。结果表明:相较于空气而言,使用超临界二氧化碳作为润滑介质的箔片气体动压轴承具有较高的承载力,而且在一定范围内随着轴承直径和宽度的增加、偏心率的上升、轴承间隙的减小、转速的提高等,轴承承载力均可以增大;对于湍流影响因素来说,在一定范围内随着局部雷诺数和湍流系数的增加、气体动力黏度和密度的提高、高温环境下环境温度的降低等,轴承承载力将会增大。

关键词：箔片气体动压轴承雷诺方程超临界二氧化碳承载力

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Medicinal chemistry strategies towards the development of non-covalent SARS-CoV-2 Mpro inhibitors

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第1期14卷 87-109页

作者： Letian Song Shenghua Gao Bing Ye Mianling Yang yusen Cheng Dongwei Kang Fan Yi Jin-Peng Sun Luis menéndez-Arias Johan Neyts Xinyong Liu Peng Zhan Department of Medicinal Chemistry Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology(Ministry of Education)School of Pharmaceutical SciencesCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan 250012China Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University Shenzhen 518057China The Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province Department of PharmacologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesShandong UniversityJinan 250012China Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan 250012China Centro de Biologı´a Molecular“Severo Ochoa”(Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientı´ficas&Autonomous University of Madrid) Madrid 28049Spain KU Leuven Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyRega Institute for Medical ResearchLaboratory of Virology and ChemotherapyLeuven 3000Belgium

The main protease(M^(pro))of SARS-CoV-2 is an attractive target in anti-COVID-19 therapy for its high conservation and major role in the virus life *** covalent M^(pro)inhibitor nirmatrelvir(in combination with ritonavir,a pharmacokinetic enhancer)and the non-covalent inhibitor ensitrelvir have shown efficacy in clinical trials and have been approved for therapeutic *** antiviral drugs are needed to fight the pandemic,while non-covalent M^(pro)inhibitors could be promising alternatives due to their high selectivity and favorable *** non-covalent M^(pro)inhibitors with desirable properties have been developed based on available crystal structures of M^(pro).In this article,we describe medicinal chemistry strategies applied for the discovery and optimization of non-covalent M^(pro)inhibitors,followed by a general overview and critical analysis of the available *** viewpoints and insights into current strategies for the development of non-covalent M^(pro)inhibitors are also discussed.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Main protease Non-covalent inhibitors Medicinal chemistry strategies

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基于生态系统服务供需与拓扑结构分析的渭河流域生态网络优化

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农业工程学报 2024年第15期40卷 212-221,F0003页

作者：门丹潘竟虎西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院兰州 730070

顾及区域自然资源禀赋和人类活动水平差异,优化生态网络成为缓解景观破碎化、提高连通性的有效途径,更保障了可持续发展目标的实现。在定量测度渭河流域2000、2010及2020年5项生态系统服务供需的基础上,引入景观生态学与复杂网络理论构... 详细信息

顾及区域自然资源禀赋和人类活动水平差异,优化生态网络成为缓解景观破碎化、提高连通性的有效途径,更保障了可持续发展目标的实现。在定量测度渭河流域2000、2010及2020年5项生态系统服务供需的基础上,引入景观生态学与复杂网络理论构建并分析该流域生态网络的时空格局及其网络拓扑结构特征,以供需比与源地节点的拓扑结构综合重要性之间的相关性为依据优化生态网络。结果表明:1)与2000年相比,2020年食物生产、土壤保持以及产水的供需比平均值分别上升70%、7%以及215%,而碳固定与生境质量则分别下降97%与1%。2)生态源地数量与占总面积比分别为125个和36%,生态阻力呈现“南低北高”的空间特征,约有280条平均长度为15 km的生态廊道,流域生态质量有所提升。3)2000、2010及2020年生态网络在面对蓄意攻击时,结构连通鲁棒性平均值依次为0.160、0.168以及0.150,说明2010年生态网络具有更稳定的网络结构;源地拓扑结构综合重要性与各类服务供需比均呈正相关,其中与碳固定服务供需比相关性最高,为0.51(P<0.001)。4)优化后的生态网络(2020年)在面对蓄意攻击时具有更高的连通鲁棒性,同时在一定攻击节点范围内表现出更为显著的“涌现”现象,优化后的网络具备更强的恢复力和缓冲力。研究结果可为渭河流域优化生态网络结构、提高生态系统抗干扰能力提供科学依据,也可为流域生态空间规划提供借鉴参考。

关键词：生态网络生态系统服务网络优化拓扑结构流域尺度

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Effects of personalized oral hygiene management on oral health status of pregnant women

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第21期12卷 4566-4573页

作者： Xiao-Chen men Xiao-Pei Du Ying Ji Department of Prevention Dalian Stomatological HospitalDalian 116021Liaoning ProvinceChina Department of Dentistry and Endodontics Dalian Stomatological HospitalDalian 116021Liaoning ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND The Cariostat caries activity test(CAT)was used to evaluate the effectiveness of personalized oral hygiene management combining oral health education and professional mechanical tooth cleaning on the oral health status of pregnant *** To investigate whether personalized oral hygiene management enhances the oral health status of pregnant *** A total of 114 pregnant women who were examined at Dalian Women’s and Children’s Medical Center were divided into four groups:High-risk experimental group(n=29;CAT score≥2;received personalized oral hygiene management training),low-risk experimental group(n=29;CAT score≤1;received oral health education),high-risk control group(n=28;CAT score≥2),and low-risk control group(n=28;CAT score≤1).No hygiene intervention was provided to control *** scores at different times were compared using independent samples t-test and least significant difference *** No significant difference in baseline CAT scores was observed between the experimental and control groups,either in the high-risk or low-risk *** scores were reduced significantly after 3(1.74±0.47 vs 2.50±0.38,Pment intervention but not after oral health education alone(0.43±0.39 vs 0.46±0.33,P>0.05 and 0.45±0.36 vs 0.57±0.32,P>0.05,respectively).Within groups,the decrease in CAT scores was significant(2.43±0.44 vs 1.74±0.47 vs 0.53±0.50,Pmental *** Personalized oral hygiene management is effective in improving the oral health of pregnant women and can improve pregnancy outcomes and the oral health of the general population.

关键词： Oral health care Pregnant women Decayed teeth Cariostat caries activity test Professional mechanical tooth cleaning Personalized oral hygiene management

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Rock mechanical characteristics and landscape evolutionary mechanism of the slit-type Danxia landform on the Chinese Loess Plateau

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第10期16卷 1327-1343页

作者： men Huan DING Hua DENG Yahong MU Huandong HE Nainan SUN Pushuo LI Zhixu LIU Yan School of Geology Engineering and Geomatics Chang'an University School of Architecture Chang'an University Shaanxi Academy of Yellow River Sciences Institute of Tourism Planning and Design Chang'an University Key Laboratory of Mine Geological Hazards Mechanism and Control Ministry of Natural Resources

Since 2015, the newly discovered slit-type Danxia landform on the Chinese Loess Plateau has become a hot topic in the field of geomorphology worldwide. However, the relationships among its formation, evolutionary mechanism, and mechanical characteristics of its strata and rocks are not clear. In this paper, the Ganquan canyon group is used as the research object. Basic physical and mechanical indices of sandstone in the Ganquan canyon group were measured through field investigation and indoor experiments, and the deterioration trends for the mechanical parameters of sandstone in this area under the action of infiltration, acid dry-wet cycles, and freeze-thaw cycles were revealed. Lastly, the formation and evolutionary mechanism of the slit-type Danxia landform were discussed. The results showed that:(1) The sandstone in the canyon group had a low cementation degree and weak cohesive force, which was easily weakened under the action of water, resulting in a decrease in compressive strength and elastic modulus.(2) Acidic dry-wet cycles caused the mineral composition of the sandstone to be dissolved, and the micropores continued to grow and develop until new cracks were produced. Macroscopically, the compressive strength and elastic modulus of sandstone were greatly reduced, and this damage was cumulative and staged. The greater the acidity, the greater the damage.(3) As the number of freeze-thaw cycles increased, the uniaxial compressive strength and elastic modulus of the sandstone decreased continuously. During the freeze-thaw cycle process, the growth and development of cracks were primarily in fracture mode and usually developed along parallel bedding positions.(4) The interaction of tectonic activity and lithology with different weathering processes was a key factor in the formation and evolution of the slit-type Danxia landform. In conclusion, the intricate process of weathering influenced by historical climatic fluctuations has been pivotal in shaping the topog

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