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Surfactant protein D inhibits lipid-laden foamy macrophages and lung inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2023年第1期20卷 38-50页

作者： Miao-Hsi Hsieh Pei-Chi Chen Han-Yin Hsu Jui-Chang Liu yu-Sheng Ho yuh Jyh lin Chin-Wei Kuo Wen-Shuo Kuo Hui-Fang kao Shulhn-Der Wang Zhi-Gang Liu Lawrence Shih-Hsin Wu Jiu-Yao Wang Center for Allergy Immunologyand Microbiome(A.I.M.)China Medical University HospitalTaichungTaiwanChina Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences College of MedicineNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwanChina Department of Nursing National Tainan Junior College of NursingTainanTaiwanChina Graduate Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology College of MedicineNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwanChina Department of Pediatrics National Cheng Kung University HospitalTainanTaiwanChina Division of Pulmonary Medicine Department of Internal MedicineNational Cheng Kung University HospitalCollege of MedicineNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwanChina Institute of Clinical Medicine College of MedicineNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwanChina School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjingChina School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine China Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwanChina Department of Respirology and Allergy Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina Institute of Biomedical Sciences China Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwanChina Department of Allergy Immunologyand Rheumatology(AIR)China Medical University Children’s HospitalTaichungTaiwanChina

Increased levels of surfactant protein D (SP-D) and lipid-laden foamy macrophages (FMs) are frequently found under oxidative stress conditions and/or in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who are also chronically exposed to cigarette smoke (CS). However, the roles and molecular mechanisms of SP-D and FMs in COPD have not yet been determined. In this study, increased levels of SP-D were found in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and sera of ozone- and CS-exposed mice. Furthermore, SP-D-knockout mice showed increased lipid-laden FMs and airway inflammation caused by ozone and CS exposure, similar to that exhibited by our study cohort of chronic smokers and COPD patients. We also showed that an exogenous recombinant fragment of human SP-D (rfhSP-D) prevented the formation of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL)-induced FMs in vitro and reversed the airway inflammation and emphysematous changes caused by oxidative stress and CS exposure in vivo. SP-D upregulated bone marrow-derived macrophage (BMDM) expression of genes involved in countering the oxidative stress and lipid metabolism perturbations induced by CS and oxLDL. Our study demonstrates the crucial roles of SP-D in the lipid homeostasis of dysfunctional alveolar macrophages caused by ozone and CS exposure in experimental mouse emphysema, which may provide a novel opportunity for the clinical application of SP-D in patients with COPD.

关键词： Alveolar macrophages Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases Surfactant protein D Lipid metabolism Ozone Cigarettes

Mechanism of Transfusion-induced HLA alloimmunization

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中国输血杂志 2010年第10期23卷 852-854页

作者： K.J.kao Koo Foundation SYS Cancer Center

Platelet transfusion therapy has allowed successful prevention and treatment of hemorrhagic complications associated with thrombocytopenia since its first use in the 1960'***, the use of platelets has increased at an ... 详细信息

关键词：输血治疗人类白细胞抗原血小板减少机制并发症出血性

Predictive Meteorological Factors for Elevated PM2.5 Levels at an Air Monitoring Station Near a Petrochemical Complex in yunlin County, Taiwan

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Open Journal of Air Pollution 2019年第1期8卷 1-17页

作者： Yee-Hsin kao Chih-Wen lin Jui-Kun Chiang Department of Family Medicine Tainan Municipal Hospital (Managed by Show Chwan Medical Care Corporation) Taiwan School of Medicine Tzu Chi University Taiwan Department of Medical Imaging Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation Taiwan Department of Family Medicine Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation Taiwan

Since 1991, air pollution has gained special attention in Taiwan after a petrochemical complex was constructed in Mailiao Township, yunlin County. We explored the association between the magnitude of PM2.5 and meteorological factors during 2012-2016. Our findings revealed that 1) mean PM2.5 levels gradually decreased from 30.70 μg/m3 in 2013 to 25.36 μg/m3 in 2016;2) wind speed is the main determinant of air quality—air quality significantly improved when it was faster than 4 m/sec;and 3) wind direction is another determinant of air quality—when the wind direction was southerly, air quality improved. Elevated PM2.5 levels were defined as those hourly levels higher than the third quartile (36 μg/m3). The significantly negative predictive factors for elevated PM2.5 levels were the summer or autumn seasons, rainfall, increased wind speed, and wind direction from 150° to 230° from the north. The significantly positive predictive factors for elevated PM2.5 levels were working hours from 6 a.m. to 2 p.m., a temperature between 11°C and 25°C, relative humidity between 40% and 68%, and wind direction (e.g., northerly wind, northeasterly wind, and easterly wind). The predictive formula is attached in the Appendix. Therefore, people should protect themselves on these high-risk days.

关键词： Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) Petrochemical Complex Meteorological Factors

When Technology Encounters Culture: A Closer Watch on Dajia Mazu Patrol and Pilgrimage in Taiwan

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2012年第2期4卷 96-104页

作者： Ching-yun Mu Will Y. lin Zheng-yu Chen Tien-Yin Chou Lung-Shih Yang Cheng-Shu kao GIS Research Center Feng Chia University Taichung Chinese Taipei Vice Chairman Room Feng Chia University Taichung Chinese Taipei Vice President’s Office Feng Chia University Taichung Chinese Taipei

Mazu, a protective sea God, has been worshipped by residents of Taiwan and southeast coast of China's Mainland as well as overseas Chinese around the globe for hundreds of years. The number of people around the world under her influence of religious belief and moral culture can reach up hundreds of million. Every year in lunar March, the over- one-week long Mazu patrol and pilgrimage held by Jenn Lann Temple in Dajia County of Taiwan attracts millions of pilgrims and tourists around the world to participate in one of the biggest religious events in the world. To keep track of the entire patrol and pilgrimage, Jenn Lann Temple has been cooperating with GIS Research Center, Feng-Chia University since 2008, setting up a GPS receiver, a digital camera, and 4 video recorders on Mazu’s palanquin. Both real-time position of the palanquin and live videos on the scene along the way of pilgrimage were published on the Internet, providing pilgrims, tourists and viewers around the world with an open access to observe the entire event. This paper details this initiative of introducing spatial technology to large cultural events. The study collects the historic tracks of Mazu’s palanquin during the pilgrimage from 2008 to 2010, analyzes their spatial-temporal attributes, and elicits several interesting facts behind the figures and maps. It also explores how spatial technologies can help organize large-scale events and even accelerate the dissemination of culture.

关键词： Mazu Culture Pilgrimage GPS WebGIS

Investigation on a Small Oscillogram

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2005年第9期16卷 1249-1251页

作者： Hong Fang ZHANG Jian Bin ZHENG Hong Gang NI Hung kao Institute of Analytical Science/Shaanxi Provincial Key Lab of Electroanalytical Chemistry Northwest University Xi＇an 710069

A small oscillogram, one end of which was substituted by a bright point caused by the redox of an appropriate depolarizer and the other end of which was the redox of Hg or the redox of supporting electrolyte cation, was investigated in this paper. Experimental results of application of the small oscillogram to oscillographic determination of cefoperazone showed that the small osciUogram was more stable, sensitive, and less interference than classical oscillogram.

关键词： Electroanalysis oscillographic analysis oscillogram

Using spanwise flexibility of caudal fin to improve swimming performance for small fishlike robots

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2018年第5期30卷 859-871页

作者： Dan Xia Wei-shan Chen Jun-kao Liu Xiang Luo School of Mechanical Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 211189China State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

This paper examines the beneficial effects of the spanwise flexibility of the caudal fin for the improvement of the swimming performance for small fishlike robots. A virtual swimmer is adopted for controlled numerical experiments by varying the spanwise flexible trajectories and the spanwise flexible size of the caudal fin while keeping the body kinematics fixed. 3-D Navier-Stokes equations are used to compute the viscous flow over the robot. Elliptical, parabolic and hyperbola trajectories are chosen to describe the spanwise flexible profile of the caudal fin. According to the sign（positive or negative） of the phase difference of the swinging motion, the spanwise flexibility can be divided into the fin surface of ＂bow＂ and the fin surface of ＂scoop＂. It is observed that for both the fin surface of ＂bow＂ and the fin surface of ＂scoop＂, the spanwise elliptical trajectory has the optimal swimming velocity, thrust, lateral force, and efficiency. With comparisons, using the flexible caudal fin with the fin surface of ＂bow＂, the lateral force and the power consumption can be reduced effectively and the swimming stability can be increased while reducing little the swimming velocity and thrust. Meanwhile, using the flexible caudal fin with the fin surface of ＂scoop＂ can greatly improve the swimming velocity, thrust, and efficiency while increasing part of the lateral force and the power consumption. Three-dimensional flow structures clearly indicate the evolution process around the swimming robot. It is suggested that the fish, the dolphin, and other aquatic animals may benefit their hydrodynamic performance by the spanwise flexibility of the caudal fin.

关键词： Spanwise flexibility caudal fin fishlike robot swimming performance flow structures

The energy-saving advantages of burst-and-glide mode for thunniform swimming

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2018年第6期30卷 1072-1082页

作者： Dan Xia Wei-shan Chen Jun-kao Liu Xiang Luo School of Mechanical Engineering Southeast University State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology

This paper explores the energy-saving advantages of the burst-and-glide swimming and compares it with the normal self-swimming for a thunniform swimmer. The virtual swimmer allows us to perform controlled numerical experiments by varying the swinging tail number and the duty cycle while keeping the other parameters fixed. 3-D Navier-Stokes equations are used to compute the viscous flow over the swimmer. The user-defined functions and the dynamic mesh technology are used to simulate the burst-and-glide swimming. The results show that with the increase of the swinging tail number or the duty cycle, the swimming velocity, the power and the efficiency all increase, but the velocity-power ratio decreases somewhat. Therefore, choosing smaller swinging tail number and duty cycle is beneficial in reducing the power and increasing the velocity-power ratio, and thus to obtain the same velocity, less power is consumed. And to swim the same distance, the energy can significantly be saved. The power consumption, the efficiency and the velocity-power ratio in the burst-and-glide case are 43.9%, 40.6% and 1.15 times of those in the normal swimming case, respectively. The flow structures clearly show the evolution process around the fish in the burst-and-glide swimming. The findings can be used to reasonably plan the swimming action and to take the advantage of the external flow field energy for the fishlike robot, to be more efficient and energy-saving.

关键词： Energy-saving advantages burst-and-glide mode normal self-swimming thunniform swimmer

Monitoring cellular metabolism of 3T3 upon wild type E. coli infection by mapping NADH with FLIM

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Chinese Optics Letters 2010年第10期8卷 931-933页

作者： Tatyana Buryakina Pin-Tzu Su Vladimir Gukassyan Wan-Jr Syu Fu-Jen kao Institute of Biophotonics National Yang-Ming University Institute of Microbiology and Immunology National Yang-Ming University Department of Photonics National Sun Yat-Sen University

Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy （FLIM） has gained popularity as a sensitive technique to monitor the functional/conformational states of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide （NADH）, one of the main compounds of oxidative phosphorylation. In this letter, we apply the technique to characterize the metabolic changes in mouse embryonic fibroblast 3T3 cells upon bacterial infection. A gradual shortening of the decaying time constants in both the short and the long lifetime components of NADH＇s autofluorescence is detected. The ratio of the short and the long lifetime components＇ relative contributions, however, shows a rapid increase, indicating the rise of cellular metabolic activity over the course of infection.

关键词： Amides Cell culture Phosphorylation Tissue

Optimization of multi-model ensemble forecasting of typhoon waves

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Water Science and Engineering 2016年第1期9卷 52-57页

作者： Shun-qi Pan Yang-ming Fan Jia-ming Chen Chia-chuen kao Hydro-environmental Research Centre School of Engineering Cardiff University Coastal Ocean Monitoring Center National Cheng Kung University Department of Hydraulic and Ocean Engineering National Cheng Kung University

Accurately forecasting ocean waves during typhoon events is extremely important in aiding the mitigation and minimization of their potential damage to the coastal infrastructure, and the protection of coastal communities. However, due to the complex hydrological and meteorological interaction and uncertainties arising from different modeling systems, quantifying the uncertainties and improving the forecasting accuracy of modeled typhoon-induced waves remain challenging. This paper presents a practical approach to optimizing model-ensemble wave heights in an attempt to improve the accuracy of real-time typhoon wave forecasting. A locally weighted learning algorithm is used to obtain the weights for the wave heights computed by the WAVEWATCH III wave model driven by winds from four different weather models （model-ensembles）. The optimized weights are subsequently used to calculate the resulting wave heights from the model-ensembles. The results show that the opti- mization is capable of capturing the different behavioral effects of the different weather models on wave generation. Comparison with the measurements at the selected wave buoy locations shows that the optimized weights, obtained through a training process, can significantly improve the accuracy of the forecasted wave heights over the standard mean values, particularly for typhoon-induced peak waves. The results also indicate that the algorithm is easy to imnlement and practieal for real-time wave forecasting.

关键词： Wave modeling Optimization Forecasting Typhoon waves WAVEWATCH III Locally weighted learning algorithm