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Distribution of Nuclei of Different Ploidy Levels during Ovule, Seed and Protocorm Development in <i>Phalaenopsis aphrodite</i>subsp. <i>formosana</i>(Orchidaceae)

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2011年第3期2卷 325-333页

作者： Goamg-Tyng Jean yu-lin kao Ching-Yan Tang Wen-Huei Chen 不详

Distribution of nuclei of different ploidy levels was studied at different developmental stages in the embryonic tissue of the ovule, seed and protocorm of Phalaenopsis aphrodite subsp. formosana (Miwa) E.A. Christ. by a combination of flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy with Apo Tome Slider. Three stages of ploidy patterns were identified in the ovular tissue at different days after pollination (DAP). Firstly, between pollination and fertilization (0 to 50 DAP), 2C nuclei were dominant over 4C nuclei and resulted in low level of cycle value. Secondly, between fertilization and seed maturation (50 to 110 DAP), amount of 4C nuclei increased rapidly, maintained at a high level and then decreased gradually to a low level. Small amount of 8C nuclei was also detected at this stage. Thirdly, at seed maturation (110 to 130 DAP), 2C nuclei became dominant over 4C nuclei again and the cycle value remained at a low but significant level at this stage. After seed sowing, nuclei with ploidy levels of 2C, 4C and 8C were observed in the developing protocorms as early as at 4 DAS (days after sowing). Nuclei with high ploidy levels (8C and 16C) increased gradually until 40 DAS in this study. Significant level of cycle value at this stage of protocorm development indicated the presence of endopolyploidy. 4,6-diamido-2-phenylindol (DAPI) staining showed large and prominent nuclei in the basal portions of the mature seeds before sowing and in the developing protocorms at 20 DAS. These findings clearly demonstrate the occurrence of different distribution patterns of nuclei with different ploidy levels during ovule, seed and protocorm de-velopment in Phalaenopsis aphrodite. These observations will provide fundamental information for further studies in Phalaenopsis orchids.

关键词： Moth Orchid Phalaenopsis Endopolyploidy Ovule Seed Protocorm Flow Cytometry

Inter-Purchase Time Prediction Based on Deep Learning

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2022年第8期42卷 493-508页

作者： ling-Jing kao Chih-Chou Chiu yu-Fan lin Heong Kam Weng Department of Business Management National Taipei University of TechnologyTaipei106Taiwan Digital Transformation Institute Institute for Information IndustryTaipei106Taiwan

Inter-purchase time is a critical factor for predicting customer *** the prediction accuracy can exploit consumer’s preference and allow businesses to learn about product or pricing plan weak points,operation issues,as well as customer expectations to proactively reduce reasons for *** remarkable progress has been made,classic statistical models are difficult to capture behavioral characteristics in transaction data because transaction data are dependent and short-,medium-,and long-term data are likely to interfere with each other *** from literature,this study proposed a hybrid inter-purchase time prediction model for customers of on-line ***,the analysis of differences in the purchase behavior of customers has been particularly *** integrated self-organizing map and Recurrent Neural Network technique is proposed to not only address the problem of purchase behavior but also improve the prediction accuracy of inter-purchase *** permutation importance method was used to identify crucial variables in the prediction model and to interpret customer purchase *** performance of the proposed method is evaluated by comparing the prediction with the results of three competing approaches on the transaction data provided by a leading e-retailer in *** study provides a valuable reference for marketing professionals to better understand and develop strategies to attract customers to shorten their inter-purchase times.

关键词： Purchasing behavior e-commerce inter-purchase time self-organizing map recurrent neural network

Numerical Simulation of Urea Based SNCR Process in a Trinal-Sprayed Precalciner

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2021年第2期9卷 269-294页

作者： yu Liu Hongtao kao College of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing211816China

In order to study the combustion characteristics,NOx emission and NH3 slip in a new trinal-sprayed precalciner,the simulations of combustion and aqueous urea solution based selective non-catalytic reduction(SNCR)process were conducted by computational fluid dynamics in this precalciner,the effects of different injection heights,different injection flow rates and stratified injection under different flow rates on SNCR process were *** results showed that the flow field was symmetrically distributed in the precalciner,and the flue gas from the rotary kiln formed the recirculation region on both sides of the cone body,which increased the residence time of the solid *** temperature was mainly between 1100 K and 1250 K in the middle and upper column of the precalciner,which met the demand of the pulverized coal combustion and raw material *** concentration of NO at the outlet of the precalciner was 559 ppm,moreover,different injection heights and different injection flow rates had a strong influence on NOX removal efficiency and NH3 *** aqueous urea solution should be injected at SNCR-1 to prolong the residence time of NH3,and injection flow rate had an optimal flow rate but not the higher the *** the injection flow rate under stratified injection was 0.019 kg/s,which could play a better optimization role on NO removal efficiency on the basic of the injection flow *** consideration of cost effective,a stratified injection with an injection flow rate of 0.019 kg/s and an injection height of 20 m,25 m and 30 m was suggested as a compromise of a satisfactory NOx reduction rates and reasonable NH3 *** this condition,numerical simulation result showed that NOx concentration at the outlet of precalciner was 297.27 mg/Nm3 and NH3 slip was 4.67 mg/Nm3,meeting emission standard.

关键词： Trinal-sprayed precalciner selective non-catalytic reduction aqueous urea solution NOx reduction

Povacoat affecting solid-state polymorphic changes of indomethacin after co-evaporation from different types of solvents via conventional and microwave drying techniques

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2016年第3期11卷 376-384页

作者： Shan-Yang lin Hong-Liang lin Ying-Ting Chi Ru-Ying Hung yu-Ting Huang Chi-yu kao Wei-Hsien Hsieh Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Technology Yuanpei University of Medical Technology

The effect of Povacoat on the solid state characteristics and polymorphic transformation of γ-form of indomethacin(γ-IMC) after solvent co-evaporation via two drying methods was investigated by thermoanalytical and FTIR spectroscopic studies. The types of solvents(water,ethanol, and water:ethanol(1:9 ～ 2:8, v/v)), weight ratios of Povacoat:IMC(4:1 ～ 4:10, w/w),and drying methods(air-drying and microwave-drying) were selected as variables in this study. A physical mixture of Povacoat and γ-IMC was also carried out by neat grinding *** results indicate that there was no interaction between Povacoat and γ-IMC or no polymorphic change of γ-IMC after the neat co-grinding process. Since Povacoat was only soluble in water or <30% ethanol aqueous solution but γ-IMC was only soluble in organic solvents,different solvents and drying methods might significantly influence the solid-state characteristics of IMC formed in the presence of Povacoat. It was found that the amorphous IMC was formed in the Povacoat/IMC evaporates after dissolving both Povacoat and γ-IMC in water:ethanol(mixed ratio=1:9 and 2:8, v/v) and co-evaporation via microwave-drying, whereas the α-IMC was formed in the Povacoat/IMC evaporates via the air-drying method. In addition, the predominate α-IMC formation was only found in all the Povacoat/IMC evaporates with different weight ratios prepared by previously dissolving in water:ethanol(1:9, v/v) and co-evaporation via air-drying, but the amorphous IMC formation after co-evaporation via microwave-drying was obtained except the 4:10(w/w) weight ratio. The thermal effect of microwave irradiation and the presence of Povacoat might be responsible for the amorphous IMC formation in the Povacoat/IMC evaporates.

关键词： Povacoat Indomethacin (IMC) Air-drying Microwave-drying α-IMC Amorphous IMC

Low-dose testosterone treatment decreases oxidative damage in TM3 Leydig cells

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2011年第3期13卷 432-437,512页

作者： Thomas IS Hwang Tien-ling Liao Ji-Fan lin Yi-Chia lin Shu-yu Lee Yen-Chun Lai Shu-Huei kao Department of Urology Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan China Department of Urology School of Medicine Fu-Jen Catholic University Taipei Taiwan China Division of Urology Department of Surgery Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital Taipei Taiwan China School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan China Central Laboratory Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital Taipei Taiwan China

Testosterone replacement therapy has benefits for aging men and those with hypogonadism. However, the effects of exogenous testosterone on Leydig cells are still unclear and need to be clarified. In this report, we demonstrate that testosterone supplementation can reduce oxidative damage in Leydig cells. The TM3 Leydig cell line was used as an in vitrocell model in this study. Cytoprotective effects were identified with 100-nmol l-1 testosterone treatment, but cytotoxic effects were found with ≥ 500-nmol l-1 testosterone supplementation. Significantly reduced reactive oxygen species （ROS） generation, lipid peroxide contents and hypoxia induction factor （HIF）-lα stabilization and activation were found with lO0-nmol 1-1 testosterone treatment. There was a 1.72-fold increase in ROS generation in the 500-nmol l-1 compared to the lO0-nmol l-1 testosterone treatment. A 1.58-fold increase in steroidogenic acute regulatory protein （STAR） expression was found in 50-nmol l-1 testosterone-treated cells （P〈0.01）. Chemically induced hypoxia was attenuated by testosterone supplementation. Leydig cells treated with low-dose testosterone supplementation showed cytoprotection by decreasing ROS and lipid peroxides, increasing StAR expression and relieving hypoxia stress as demonstrated by HIF-1α stabilization. Increased oxidative damage was found with ≥ 500-nmol l-1 testosterone manipulation. The mechanism governing the differential dose effects of testosterone on Leydig cells needs further investigation in order to shed light on testosterone replacement therapy.

关键词： Leydig cells oxidative damage reactive oxygen species testosterone

Nearshore Wave Field Analysis Using SAR Images

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海洋工程：英文版 2003年第1期17卷 45-60页

作者： DOONG Dongjiing kao Chiachuen CHUANG Zsuhsin lin Hongpeng Department of Hydraulics and Ocean Engineering Department of Hydraulics and Ocean EngineeringCoastal Ocean Monitoring CenterDepartment of Hydraulics and Ocean Engineering ChengKungUniversityTainan701ChinaChengKungUniversityTainan701ChinaCheng Kung UniversityTainan701ChinaChengKungUniversityTainan701China

Satellite remote sensing technique offers a wide range of information, and is one of the tools for ocean wave observation. This paper discusses the limitations of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images in wave field analysis. It is found that the wave field analysis is affected by the gray value distribution of image and the relationship between satellite travel and wave propagation directions. Since human activities and coastal engineering are performed in nearshore areas, some issues are discussed for nearshore SAR image analysis. Several case studies show that the wave parameters estimated from nearshore SAR images are quite different from in situ measurements, suggesting that the wave information derived from nearshore SAR images cannot appropriately represent the wave characteristics. One of the reasons is that the wave field is non homogeneous in the nearshore area.

关键词： SAR image directional wave spectra nearshore wave field

Coexistence of hepatoma with mantle cell lymphoma in a hepatitis B carrier

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第45期21卷 12981-12986页

作者： Mu-Hsien Lee yu-Ching lin Hao-Tsai Cheng Wen-yu Chuang Hsin-Chih Huang Hsiao-Wen kao Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine Department of Intervention and Imaging Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine Department of Pathology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine Department of Hematology-Oncology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine

The coexistence of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma(NHL) in the liver is rare. Reports show that these patients have cirrhotic livers or hepatitis virus infections before they develop HCC and NHL. We present a patient with hepatitis B virus infection who was transferred to our hospital with a newly detected liver mass; abdominal computed tomography examination showed one hypodense mass of 7 cm in diameter and multiple mesenteric and mediastinal lymph nodes. A liver tumor biopsy showed a hepatoma, and the pathologic findings from an inguinal lymph node excision showed mantle cell lymphoma. An immunohistochemical stain confirmed that the atypical lymphoid cells within the HCC were positive for the CD20, CD5 and cyclin D1 antigens. Taking these findings into account, the hepatic tumor was determined to be a HCC infiltrated by mantle cell lymphoma.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Mantle cell lymphoma Hepa

Supplementary tests for confirmation of brain death

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2008年第11期9卷 921-922页

作者： Wei-lung CHENG kao-chang lin Department of Neurology Chi Mei Medical Center Taiwan 736 Liouying Tainan County Department of Neurology Chi Mei Medical Center Taiwan 710 Yungkang Tainan City

In 1959, the concept of brain death （BD） or irreversible coma was described by Mollaret and Goulon （1959）. The first guideline （the Harvard criteria） for deciding BD was established in 1968 （Ad Hoc Committee of the Harvard Medical School, 1968）. This concept has been accepted worldwide although its fundamental meaning is not exactly globally uniform yet. Some countries （e.g., the US） view BD as ＂whole brain death＂, while others （e.g., the UK） as brain-stem death. The guidelines for the diagnosis of BD also differ among countries, even among hospitals in the same country.

关键词： CLC numberR742

AN EXPERIMENTAL OBSERVATION OF A SOLITARY WAVE IMPINGE-MENT,RUN-UP AND OVERTOPPING ON A SEAWALL

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2012年第1期24卷 76-85页

作者： lin Ting-Chieh HWANG kao-Shu HSIAO Shih-Chun YANG Ray-Yeng Tainan Hydraulics Laboratory National Cheng Kung UniversityTainan 701 Department of Hydraulic and Ocean Engineering National Cheng Kung UniversityTainan 701 Tainan Hydraulics Laboratory and Department of Hydraulic and Ocean Engineering National Cheng Kung UniversityTainan 701

A sequence of laboratory experiments using solitary waves was performed to model the effect of leading form of three types of tsunamis（a bore,an impinging wave and an overtopping wave）on a seawall on a sloping *** wave evolution process,impinging pressure along the seawall surface,total overtopping discharge behind the seawall and the maximum run-up height on the rear slope were measured and *** data were employed to re-examine relevant empirical formulae in the *** effect of the presence of the seawall in reducing maximum run-up height using the present setup was briefly *** present data can be used for calibrating numerical and mathematical models.

关键词： solitary wave tsunami wave force run-up overtopping