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Stability of water yield in watersheds

Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第2期67卷 483-496页

作者： yu yan.Zhiyong LIU Xiaohong CHEN Liyan.HUANG Center for Water Resources and Environment School of Civil EngineeringSun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou510275China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai519082China

The hydrological system of a watershed is intricately influenced by both underlying characteristics and climate *** the variability in water yield is essential for effective water resources management and water security in the context of changing *** this study,we adopted the Budyko framework and leveraged simulations from the CMIP6 model to investigate the compensation effects of climate and underlying characteristics on watershed water *** on Taylor expansion and Budyko framework,we estimated the sensitivity of watershed water yield to climate and underlying characteristics(the first-and second-order partial derivatives).By combining external watershed characteristics(e.g.,water yield ratios and underlying characteristics)with internal sensitivity coefficients,this study further used vine copula and principal component analysis to quantify the stability of watershed water *** findings show:(1)Water-yield changes related to underlying characteristics could be offset by climate-related water-yield changes across all climate zones,maintaining the water yield ratio steady(i.e.,the compensation effects).(2)However,global watersheds will turn more sensitive to underlying characteristics and less sensitive to climate variation in the *** climate-and underlying-related sensitivities increase in watersheds with arid climates.(3)The stability of watershed water yield will gradually diminish in the *** 1901–1950to 2051–2100,the global stability of 280 watersheds drops from 0.054 to 0.021(i.e.,stability index identified by the joint probability).Particularly,the largest change in stability of water yield reaches-0.347±0.18 in arid *** semi-arid,semihumid,and humid regions,the changes are-0.039±0.010,-0.028±0.005,and-0.005±0.002,*** findings provide a reference for the future sustainable water resources development under climate change,highlighting the vulnerability of the water resources in ari

关键词： Hydrological system stability Compensation effects on water yield Sensitivities Budyko-Fu decomposition framework Global watersheds

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Geochemistry of cherts from the northern Jiangxi region, South China: Implication for paleoenvironment

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2024年第4期13卷 823-838页

作者： Guo-liang Xie Gao-Jie Zhou yu-Yong Sun yan.Ran Hu Wei-Duo Hao School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Tongling University State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploration Chengdu University of Technology Department of Geology Northwest University

The extensive bedded cherts deposited during the Ediacaran-Cambrian (E-C) transition period play a crucial role in understanding the geological evolution of this period, yet the origin of these cherts remains disputed. Here, we present new geochemical data for cherts of the Piyuancun (PYC) Formation deposited during the Late Ediacaran and the Hetang (HT) Formation deposited during the Early Cambrian in northern Jiangxi region, Lower yan.tze region, South China. The PYC cherts contain a small amount of monaxons sponge spicules and radiolarian fragments, while the HT cherts lack siliceous organism evidence. Major and trace element analysis, coupled with discriminant diagrams, indicate a possible shift in redox conditions of seawater during the E-C transition in the northern Jiangxi region. The shift suggests a change from weakly-moderately restricted euxinic conditions to strongly restricted euxinic conditions. Furthermore, the location of both cherts are distant from the source area of siliceous organisms. Fossil evidence, as well as the values of Fe/Ti and Fe/(Mn+Ti), Eu anomalies, Post-Archean Australian Shale (PAAS) normalized REE+Y patterns, and various discriminant diagrams,support the conclusion that the PYC and HT cherts originated primarily from direct seawater precipitation, with the PYC cherts exhibiting weak hydrothermal evidence. Upwelling contributes to the formation of HT cherts and organic matter (OM) accumulation. Ocean acidification, triggered by OM degradation and biodegradation processes during the E-C transition period, leads to the extensive silica precipitation and preservation. These results enhance our understanding of the geological processes during the E-C transition.

关键词： Redox condition Origin of cherts E–C transition Lower yan.tze Jiangxi

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Designing salt stress-resilient crops:Current progress and future challenges

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第3期66卷 303-329页

作者： Xiaoyan.liang Jianfang Li Yongqing yan. Caifu Jiang yan.Guo State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100094China State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management College of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100194China Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100094China Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Excess soil salinity affects large regions of land and is a major hindrance to crop production ***,understanding the molecular mechanisms of plant salt tolerance has scientific importance and practical *** recent decades,studies have characterized hundreds of genes associated with plant responses to salt stress in different plant *** studies have substantially advanced our molecular and genetic understanding of salt tolerance in plants and have introduced an era of molecular design breeding of salt-tolerant *** review summarizes our current knowledge of plant salt tolerance,emphasizing advances in elucidating the molecular mechanisms of osmotic stress tolerance,salt-ion transport and compartmentalization,oxidative stress tolerance,alkaline stress tolerance,and the trade-off between growth and salt *** also examine recent advances in understanding natural variation in the salt tolerance of crops and discuss possible strategies and challenges for designing salt stress-resilient *** focus on the model plant Arabidopsis(Arabidopsis thaliana)and the four most-studied crops:rice(Oryza sativa),wheat(Triticum aestivum),maize(Zea mays),and soybean(Glycine max).

关键词： molecular design breeding salt stress-resilient crop salt tolerance

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Coexistence of adeno-associated virus 2 with adenovirus 18 or herpesvirus may be associated with severe lingual papillomatosis in an immunocompromised individual

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第4期39卷 705-707页

作者： Jie-Mei yu Ze-Yin liang yuan-Hui Fu Xiang-Lei Peng yan.Peng Zheng yu-Jun Dong Jin-Sheng He College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing100044China Department of Hematology Peking University First HospitalBeijing100034China

Dear Editor,Patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(HSCT)often experience a significant reduction in immune function due to factors such as severe lymphopenia,immunosuppressive treatment,and the development of graft-versus-host disease,rendering them more susceptible to severe infections(Sahin et al.,2016).Traditional diagnostic approaches are limited in sensitivity,speed,and assay targets,thus failing short of meeting the diagnostic demands(Qu et al.,2022).However,next-generation sequencing(NGS)has greatly improved the accuracy and efficiency of diagnosing various diseases(Schuler et al.,2022),and has been widely utilized for pathogen detection in samples from HSCT patients(Armstrong et al.,2019;Peng et al.,2021).In this study,we employed viral metagenomics analysis using high-throughput sequencing on fecal and tissue samples from a patient with HSCT experiencing severe lingual papillomatosis.

关键词： al. papilloma rendering

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Evaluating the tumor stratification with a lysosomal pH sensitive-probe by fluorescence lifetime imaging

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第3期35卷 262-267页

作者： Jun yan.Xing liang Qian Zhang Luolin Wang Weiying Lin Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical BiologySchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China

Owing to the anaerobic metabolism in the tumor,abundant acidic metabolites are produced and accumulated in the ***,the cells in different tumor layers are directly linked to the pH ***,due to the lack of robust tools,the high-efficient evaluation of the acidic micro-environment of tumor stratification faces the challenge of accurate *** designed a new pH sensitive fluorescent lifetime probe target to *** we expected,the fluorescence lifetime of PLN possesses a good linear fit to the pH value,which could detect the pH change at a single lysosome level in real time,and then evaluate the different acidity of tumor *** probe PLN is successfully used to evaluate the tumor stratification by fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy(FLIM)for the first time,which is of great significance in the preoperative diagnosis of clinical tumor treatment or evaluation of drug delivery effect.

关键词： FLIM pH Fluorescence imaging Lysosome Tumor imaging

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Heavy ion energy influence on multiple-cell upsets in small sensitive volumes:from standard to high energies

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第5期35卷 109-121页

作者： yan. Jiao Li-Hua Mo Jin-Hu yan. yu-Zhu Liu Ya-Nan Yin liang Wang Qi-yu Chen Xiao-yu yan.Shi-Wei Zhao Bo Li You-Mei Sun Pei-Xiong Zhao Jie Liu Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of ScienceLanzhou 730000China University of Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100049China Spallation Neutron Source Science Center Dongguan 523803China China Electronics Technology Group Corporation No.58 Research Institute Wuxi 214000China Beijing Microelectronics Technology Institute Beijing 100084China Institute of Microelectronics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Silicon Devices Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

The 28 nm process has a high cost-performance ratio and has gradually become the standard for the field of radiation-hardened ***,owing to the minimum physical gate length of only 35 nm,the physical area of a standard 6T SRAM unit is approximately 0.16μm^(2),resulting in a significant enhancement of multi-cell charge-sharing ***-cell upsets(MCUs)have become the primary physical mechanism behind single-event upsets(SEUs)in advanced nanometer node *** range of ionization track effects increases with higher ion energies,and spacecraft in orbit primarily experience SEUs caused by high-energy ***,ground accelerator experiments have mainly obtained low-energy ion irradiation ***,the impact of ion energy on the SEU cross section,charge collection mechanisms,and MCU patterns and quantities in advanced nanometer devices remains *** this study,based on the experimental platform of the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou,low-and high-energy heavy-ion beams were used to study the SEUs of 28 nm SRAM *** influence of ion energy on the charge collection processes of small-sensitive-volume devices,MCU patterns,and upset cross sections was obtained,and the applicable range of the inverse cosine law was *** findings of this study are an important guide for the accurate evaluation of SEUs in advanced nanometer devices and for the development of radiation-hardening techniques.

关键词： 28 nm static random access memory(SRAM) Energy effects Heavy ion Multiple-cell upset(MCU) Charge collection Inverse cosine law

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Network Intrusion Traffic Detection Based on Feature Extraction

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 473-492页

作者： Xuecheng yu yan.Huang yu Zhang Mingyan. Song Zhenhong Jia College of Information Science and Engineering Xinjiang UniversityUrumqi830046China Network Department China Mobile Communications Group Xinjiang CoLtd.UrumqiUrumqi830011China Xinjiang Signal Detection and Processing Key Laboratory Xinjiang UniversityUrumqi830000China

With the increasing dimensionality of network traffic,extracting effective traffic features and improving the identification accuracy of different intrusion traffic have become critical in intrusion detection systems(IDS).However,both unsupervised and semisupervised anomalous traffic detection methods suffer from the drawback of ignoring potential correlations between features,resulting in an analysis that is not an optimal ***,in order to extract more representative traffic features as well as to improve the accuracy of traffic identification,this paper proposes a feature dimensionality reduction method combining principal component analysis and Hotelling’s T^(2) and a multilayer convolutional bidirectional long short-term memory(MSC_BiLSTM)classifier model for network traffic intrusion *** method reduces the parameters and redundancy of the model by feature extraction and extracts the dependent features between the data by a bidirectional long short-term memory(BiLSTM)network,which fully considers the influence between the before and after *** network traffic is first characteristically downscaled by principal component analysis(PCA),and then the downscaled principal components are used as input to Hotelling’s T^(2) to compare the differences between *** datasets with outliers,Hotelling’s T^(2) can help identify the groups where the outliers are located and quantitatively measure the extent of the ***,a multilayer convolutional neural network and a BiLSTM network are used to extract the spatial and temporal features of network traffic *** empirical consequences exhibit that the suggested approach in this manuscript attains superior outcomes in precision,recall and F1-score juxtaposed with the prevailing *** results show that the intrusion detection accuracy,precision,and F1-score of the proposed MSC_BiLSTM model for the CIC-IDS 2017 dataset are 98.71%,95.97%,and 90.22%.

关键词： Network intrusion traffic detection PCA Hotelling’s T^(2) BiLSTM

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Application of the finite analytic numerical method to a flowdependent variational data assimilation

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第3期43卷 30-39页

作者： yan.Hu Wei Li Xuefeng Zhang Guimei Liu liang Zhang Tianjin Key Laboratory for Marine Environmental Research and Service School of Marine Science and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China School of Marine Science and Technology Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center Ministry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100081China

An anisotropic diffusion filter can be used to model a flow-dependent background error covariance matrix,which can be achieved by solving the advection-diffusion *** of the directionality of the advection term,the discrete method needs to be chosen very *** finite analytic method is an alternative scheme to solve the advection-diffusion *** a combination of analytical and numerical methods,it not only has high calculation accuracy but also holds the characteristic of the auto *** demonstrate its ability,the one-dimensional steady and unsteady advection-diffusion equation numerical examples are respectively solved by the finite analytic *** more widely used upwind difference method is used as a control *** result indicates that the finite analytic method has higher accuracy than the upwind difference *** the two-dimensional case,the finite analytic method still has a better *** the three-dimensional variational assimilation experiment,the finite analytic method can effectively improve analysis field accuracy,and its effect is significantly better than the upwind difference and the central difference ***,it is still a more effective solution method in the strong flow region where the advective-diffusion filter performs most prominently.

关键词： finite analytic method advection-diffusion equation data assimilation flow-dependent

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MUS Model:A Deep Learning-Based Architecture for IoT Intrusion Detection

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 875-896页

作者： yu yan.yu yan. Shen Fang Minna Gao Yiding Chen College of Information Engineering University of Engineering of the Chinese People’s Armed Police Force(PAP)Xi’an710000China College of Missile Engineering Rocket Force Engineering UniversityXi’an710000China

In the face of the effective popularity of the Internet of Things(IoT),but the frequent occurrence of cybersecurity incidents,various cybersecurity protection means have been proposed and *** them,Intrusion Detection System(IDS)has been proven to be stable and ***,traditional intrusion detection methods have shortcomings such as lowdetection accuracy and inability to effectively identifymalicious *** address the above problems,this paper fully considers the superiority of deep learning models in processing highdimensional data,and reasonable data type conversion methods can extract deep features and detect classification using advanced computer vision techniques to improve classification *** TransformField(MTF)method is used to convert 1Dnetwork traffic data into 2D images,and then the converted 2D images are filtered by UnsharpMasking to enhance the image details by sharpening;to further improve the accuracy of data classification and detection,unlike using the existing high-performance baseline image classification models,a soft-voting integrated model,which integrates three deep learning models,MobileNet,VGGNet and ResNet,to finally obtain an effective IoT intrusion detection architecture:the MUS *** types of experiments are conducted on the publicly available intrusion detection dataset CICIDS2018 and the IoT network traffic dataset N_BaIoT,and the results demonstrate that the accuracy of attack traffic detection is greatly improved,which is not only applicable to the IoT intrusion detection environment,but also to different types of attacks and different network environments,which confirms the effectiveness of the work done.

关键词： Cyberspace security intrusion detection deep learning Markov Transition Fields(MTF) soft voting integration

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Large porewater exchange reshapes saltmarsh carbon and greenhouse gas budgets on local and global scales

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第7期67卷 2195-2209页

作者： Xiaogang CHEN Isaac RSANTOS Lucheng ZHAN yu yan.YAU yan.ZHANG Ling LI Key Laboratory of Coastal Environment and Resources of Zhejiang Province School of EngineeringWestlake UniversityHangzhou 310024China Department of Marine Sciences University of GothenburgGothenburg 41319Sweden College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210024China

Saltmarshes are carbon-rich ecosystems that play a role in climate regulation by efficiently sequestrating atmospheric CO_(2).Climate change is a major threat to saltmarshes and will impact saltmarsh carbon ***,porewater-derived carbon outwelling emerges as a crucial pathway for carbon sequestration,but it has been largely overlooked in ***,we assessed the drivers of dissolved carbon exports and greenhouse gas emissions in a saltmarsh and placed those observations into a global *** our study site,porewater exchange(PEX)was the major process controlling dissolved carbon and greenhouse gas *** our results with 33 other studies in saltmarshes worldwide,porewater-derived carbon fluxes were equivalent to~48% of average global saltmarsh primary productivity and 2.2 times greater than global organic carbon ***,our local observations and global upscaling demonstrate the major role played by PEX in saltmarsh carbon *** part of dissolved inorganic carbon returns to the atmosphere as CO_(2),the remaining bicarbonate fraction is stored in the ocean over long time *** findings strengthen global blue carbon assessments and build arguments for the use of saltmarshes as nature-based solutions for global climate change.

关键词： Coastal carbon Global carbon budget Carbon neutrality Nature-based solutions Coastal wetlands Submarine groundwater discharge

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