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Increase of PCSK9 expression in diabetes promotes VEGFR2ubiquitination to inhibit endothelial function and skin wound healing

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Science China Life Sciences 2024年

作者： jian-Jun Gao Fang-yuan Wu yu-jia liu Le Li Yi-Jun Lin yue-Ting Kang yue-Ming Peng Yi-Fang liu Chen Wang Zhen-Sheng Ma Yang Cao Hong-yu Cao Zhi-Wei Mo Yan Li Jing-Song Ou Zhi-Jun Ou Division of Cardiac Surgery Cardiovascular Diseases Institute The First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University National-Guangdong Joint Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases NHC key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation and Vascular Diseases (Sun Yat-sen University) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation and Vascular Diseases Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Vascular Diseases Division of Hypertension and Vascular Diseases Department of Cardiology Heart Center The First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Division of Vascular Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University

Diabetic foot ulcers（DFUs） are a serious vascular disease. Currently, no effective methods are available for treating DFUs. Pro-protein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9（PCSK9） regulates lipid levels to promote atherosclerosis. However, the role of PCSK9 in DFUs remains unclear. In this study, we found that the expression of PCSK9 in endothelial cells（ECs） increased significantly under high glucose（HG）stimulation and in diabetic plasma and vessels. Specifically, PCSK9 promotes the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase NEDD4 binding to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2（VEGFR2）, which led to the ubiquitination of VEGFR2, resulting in its degradation and downregulation in ECs. Furthermore, PCSK9 suppresses the expression and activation of AKT, endothelial nitric oxide synthase（eNOS）, and ERK1/2, leading to decreased nitric oxide（NO） production and increased superoxide anion(O2·-) generation, which impairs vascular endothelial function and angiogenesis. Importantly, using evolocumab to limit the increase in PCSK9 expression blocked the HG-induced inhibition of NO production and the increase in O2·-production, as well as inhibited the phosphorylation and expression of AKT, eNOS, and ERK1/***, evolocumab improved vascular endothelial function and angiogenesis, and promoted wound healing in diabetes. Our findings suggest that targeting PCSK9 is a novel therapeutic approach for treating DFUs.

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Flux-pinning-induced stress behaviors in a long superconducting slab with central cuboid hole

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2021年第8期37卷 1255-1263,I0001页

作者： Qi-Fang liu Wen-Jie Feng jia-yu liu School of Civil Engineering Shandong UniversityJinan 250061China State Key Lab Mech Behav&Syst Safety Traff Engn Shijiazhuang Tiedao UniversityShijiazhuang 050043China Hebei Key Lab Smart Mat&Struct Mech Shijiazhuang Tiedao UniversityShijiazhuang 050043China

This paper investigates the flux-pinning-induced stress behaviors in a long superconducting slab with a central cuboid *** distribution of flux density is analytically derived for the critical current density of Kim model by considering the effects of the *** concentration of stress for both of the zero-field cooling(ZFC)and the field cooling(FC)magnetization processes are investigated through numerical simulation by using finite element *** results indicate the potential failure mode varies with the height-width ratio and the dimensions of the *** to the case of infinite hole height,the stress concentration behavior for the FC process is more critical when the dimensions of the hole are *** findings in this paper are useful for understanding of the degrade mechanism of superconductor in service and the design of new system.

关键词： Electromagnetic force Cuboid hole Stress concentration factor Superconducting slab

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Microstructure Characterization and Mechanical Properties of FGH 95 Turbine Blade Retainers

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2010年第9期17卷 73-78页

作者： TAO yu jia jian liu jian-tao Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Beijing 100081 China

FGH 95 is a powder metallurgy （P/M） processed superalloy, which was developed in the 1980s in China. One of the applications of FGH 95 was high pressure turbine blade retainers. The manufacturing processes used to produce FGH 95 blade retainers consisted of atomization by plasma rotating electrode process （PREP）, hot isostatic pressing （HIP） at super-solvus temperature and a sub-solvus solution heat treatment. The material had an equiaxed grain structure （ASTM 6.5-7.5）. The γ precipitates in as-HIP FGH 95 showed a tri-model distribution. Carbides in the alloy were MC type and precipitated at grain boundaries. The prior particle boundaries （PPB） in the material originated mainly from γ＇ phase. Statistics of the mechanical properties data from batch production of the FGH 95 blade retainers were investigated. The as-HIP FGH 95 blade retainers showed high strength at room temperature and 650 ℃, excellent creep resistance and outstanding stress rupture strength at 650 ℃.

关键词： FGH95 as-HiP P/M superalloy blade retainer microstructure mechanical property

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Clause-level Relationship-aware Math Word Problems Solver

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Machine Intelligence Research 2022年第5期19卷 425-438页

作者： Chang-Yang Wu Xin Lin Zhen-Ya Huang yu Yin jia-yu liu Qi liu Gang Zhou Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis and Application School of Data ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Institute of Artificial Intelligence Hefei Comprehensive National Science CenterHefei 230088China Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing Information Engineering UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

Automatically solving math word problems,which involves comprehension,cognition,and reasoning,is a crucial issue in artificial intelligence *** math word problem solvers mainly work on word-level relationship extraction and the generation of expression solutions while lacking consideration of the clause-level *** this end,inspired by the theory of two levels of process in comprehension,we propose a novel clause-level relationship-aware math solver(CLRSolver)to mimic the process of human comprehension from lower level to higher ***,in the lower-level processes,we split problems into clauses according to their natural division and learn their *** the higher-level processes,following human′s multi-view understanding of clause-level relationships,we first apply a CNN-based module to learn the dependency relationships between clauses from word relevance in a local ***,we propose two novel relationship-aware mechanisms to learn dependency relationships from the clause semantics in a global ***,we enhance the representation of clauses based on the learned clause-level dependency *** expression generation,we develop a tree-based decoder to generate the mathematical *** conduct extensive experiments on two datasets,where the results demonstrate the superiority of our framework.

关键词： Artificial intelligence(AI) artificial neural network(ANN) computational mathematics machine intelligence machine learning

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Experimental study on anti-penetration mechanism of bolted composite protective structure with limited span under impact of low-velocity projectile

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2022年第6期18卷 995-1005页

作者： yu-jia liu Dian Li Hai-liang Hou Zhu-jie Zhao yue Xie College of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering Naval University of EngineeringWuhan430033China

In order to study the influence of the bolt joint mode on low-velocity projectiles penetrating the composite protective structure,two bolt joint models which connect the composite target to the fixed frame were designed,the ballistic test of the bolted composite protective structure with limited span was carried out,and the bearing and failure characteristics of the bolted region,as well as the energy dissipation of each part of the structure,were *** results show that in the condition of lowvelocity impact,there are three failure modes for the bolted composite protective structure subjected to projectile penetration,including failure of the impact point of the composite target,failure of protective structure connecting components and failure of the holes in the bolted region of the composite target;the failure mode of bolt holes in the bolted region has a great influence on the protection performance,and the allowable value of the bearing capacity of the bolted region depends on the sum of the minimum failure load in the failure modes and the friction force;shear-out failure occurring in the bolt holes in the bolted region exerts the greatest effect on ballistic performance,which should be avoided;When simultaneous failure occurs in the bolted region and the free deformation region of the composite protective structure,the energy absorption per unit surface density of the composite protective structure reaches the maximum,which can give full play to its anti-penetration efficiency.

关键词： Impact dynamics Composite protective structure Bolt joint Ballistic test Failure modes

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Tritium concentrations in precipitation in Shanghai

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2018年第5期29卷 19-24页

作者： Ke Deng Ling Wang Zheng-Hai Xia yu-Hua Ma Lai-Lai Qin Qin Zhang jia-yu liu jian Yao Wei liu Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of ScienceJiading campusShanghai 201800China University of Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100049China Shanghai Tech University Shanghai 201210China CNCC Nuclear Power Operations Management Co Ltd Haiyan 314300China

Tritium concentrations in precipitation can be used as a criterion to evaluate the tritium baseline of the environment. The tritium concentration in precipitation in Shanghai during 2014-2015 was determined. Values ranged from 0.68 ± 0.04 to 4.11 ± 0.39 Bq/L, and it showed a decreasing trend compared with historical data; however,the values were slightly higher than the natural background tritium level. Additionally, the tritium concentration shows a seasonal variation: It was higher in autumn and winter and lower in summer and spring. A comparison of concentrations in precipitation in Shanghai and around the Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant reveals no correlation,implying that the nuclear power plant operations may not affect the environment of Shanghai. Thus, the raised tritium concentrations in Shanghai might be due to the effects of monsoons, spring leak, raindrop, or other activities that generate tritium there. Those activities may include chemistry research that uses tritium as a tracer.

关键词： Tritium Precipitation Seasonality Origin

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Numerical investigations of the interactions between bubble induced shock waves and particle based on OpenFOAM

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2024年第2期36卷 355-362页

作者： jia-xin yu Jin-sen Hu yu-hang liu Yi-fan liu Dan Gao yu-ning Zhang Key Laboratory of Power Station Energy Transfer Conversion and System Ministry of EducationSchool of Energy Power and Mechanical EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China

The presence of particles and the shock waves generated by the cavitation bubbles can significantly affect the safety and the performance of hydrodynamic *** the present paper,the shock waves generated by cavitation bubble collapsing near the particle are numerically investigated based on the OpenFOAM together with the numerical schlieren for the shock wave *** numerical results reveal that the stand-off distance is one of the paramount factors affecting the interactions between the particle and the shock *** different kinds of shock waves(e.g.,bubble-inception,jet formation,particle reflected and jet-split shock waves)are observed during the bubble collapsing near the *** stand-off distance smaller than 0.5 or larger than 1.1,the maximum pressure at particle surface generated by the bubble growth can surpass those of the collapse stage.

关键词： Particle-bubble interaction shockwaves jetdynamics

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Climatic impacts induced by winter wheat irrigation over North China simulated by the nonhydrostatic RegCM4.7

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第2期15卷 197-210页

作者： jia WU Zhen-yu HAN Xue-Jie GAO Zheng-jia liu National Climate Centre China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory for Climate Studies China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Climate Change Research Center Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Quantification of the impact of winter wheat irrigation on the climate and the occurrence of extreme climatic events over North China is crucial for regional adaptation *** related studies mainly focused on the impact on surface processes;however,few focused on the effects of extreme events using high-resolution nonhydrostatic regional climate ***,the 9-km-resolution nonhydrostatic RegCM4.7 was coupled with a crop irrigation scheme and an updated winter wheat irrigation dataset to better simulate irrigation *** experiments were conducted with and without winter wheat irrigation to isolate the effects of *** showed that irrigation simulation reduces the model biases in temperature,precipitation,latent heat flux,soil moisture,sensitive heat flux,and top-layer soil ***,it also reduces the bias and increases the correlation with observations obtained in irrigated areas,especially in summer,indicating better representation of irrigation *** wheat irrigation tends to cause substantial cooling of the local surface maximum,minimum,and mean air temperatures(by-1.68,-0.34,and-0.79℃,respectively)over irrigated areas of North China,with the largest changes observed in relation to maximum ***,precipitation is found to increase during spring and summer,which is strongly related to water vapor transport in the lower levels of the *** analyses indicated that the number of annual mean hot days decrease(-13.9 d),whereas the number of both comfort days(+10.2 d)and rainy days(days with total precipitation greater than 1 mm:+6.6 d)increase over irrigated areas,demonstrating beneficial feedback to human perception and ***,although the heat wave risk increases(number of annual mean heat wave days:+5.8 d),the impact is limited to small areas within irrigated ***,no notable change was found in terms of heavy rainfall events and precipitation intensity

关键词： Nonhydrostatic regional climate model Irrigation effect Extreme events North China

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Structure engineering of cathode host materials for Li-S batteries

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Rare Metals 2024年第4期43卷 1370-1389页

作者： jia-Jun Long Hua yu Wen-Bo liu School of New Energy and Materials Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500China School of Mechanical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu610065China

Although lithium-sulfur batteries are one of the favorable candidates for next-generation energy storage devices,a few key challenges that have not been addressed have limited its *** challenges include lithium dendrite growth in the anode side,volume change of the active material,poor electrical conductivity,dissolution and migration of poly sulfides,and slow rate of solid-state reactions in the cathode *** the electrochemical performance of lithium-sulfur batteries is greatly affected by the design of the cathode host material,it has also been widely discussed in addressing the abovementioned *** this paper,three design ideas of cathode host materials in terms of microstructure,crystal structure and electronic structure are introduced and ***,the current progress of these three structural design strategies and their effects on the electrochemical performance of lithium-sulfur batteries are discussed in ***,future directions in the structural design of cathode materials for lithium-sulfur batteries are discussed and further perspectives are provided.

关键词： Lithium-sulfur batteries Structure engineering Cathode Host materials

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Adaptive detection of range-spread targets in homogeneous and partially homogeneous clutter plus subspace interference

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2024年第1期35卷 43-54页

作者： jiaN Tao HE jia WANG Bencai liu yu XU Congan XIE Zikeng Research Institute of Information Fusion Naval Aviation UniversityYantai 264001China Air Force Early Warning Academy Wuhan 430019China

Adaptive detection of range-spread targets is considered in the presence of subspace interference plus Gaussian clutter with unknown covariance *** target signal and interference are supposed to lie in two linearly independent subspaces with deterministic but unknown *** on the two-step criteria,two adaptive detectors based on Gradient tests are proposed,in homogeneous and partially homogeneous clutter plus subspace interference,*** of the proposed detectors exhibit theoretically constant false alarm rate property against unknown clutter covariance matrix as well as the power *** results show that,the proposed detectors have better performance than their existing counterparts,especially for mismatches in the signal steering vectors.

关键词： adaptive detection subspace interference constant false alarm rate Gradient test partially homogeneous environment

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