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Molecular properties of dissolved organic matter across Earth systems: A meta-analysis

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年

作者： Lei Han ang Hu Hellen Lucas Mzuka Xingting Chen Ji Shen Jianjun Wang Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security， Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology， Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Geography and Ocean Science， Nanjing University

Dissolved organic matter （DOM） represents the largest pool of reactive carbon on the Earth and plays a crucial role in various biogeochemical processes and ecosystem functions. However， it is understudied for a global understanding of DOM molecular properties such as molecular weight， stoichiometry， and oxidation state， and the linkages among them across Earth systems. Here， a meta-analysis of 2，707 sites in 204 literatures was conducted by synthesizing four representative molecular properties of DOM， i.e.， mass， double bond equivalent （DBE）， modified aromaticity index (AImod)， and nominal oxidation state of carbon （NOSC）. By exploring H/C and O/C ratios， we examined the relationships among these DOM properties across waters and land systems， and their geographical patterns and environmental drivers. We found that， compared to land system， the mass， DBE， and AImodwere all significantly higher in water systems， with river sediments exhibiting the highest values. DOM oxidation state indicated by NOSC was greater on average in wastewater （NOSC = 0.226 ± 0.06） and marine water （NOSC = 0.133 ± 0.06） than in other habitats. Compared to waters， the mass in land system showed more strongly positive correlations with oxidation states such as NOSC and O/C， and the NOSC showed stronger relations to bioavailability properties such as DBE， AImod， and H/C. Among all the properties， H/C and AImodcontributed to the most variations in global DOM properties. In waters， NOSC monotonically increased towards high latitudes， while DBE and AImodshowed significant hump-shaped patterns indicating peaked unsaturation and aromaticity at mid-latitudes of approximately absolute 30°-50°. The variations in DOM properties were significantly correlated with environmental factors such as annual mean temperature and pH. Collectively， we revealed the spatial distribution and environmental drivers of DOM molecular properties across Earth ecosystems， which could shed light on our comprehensive understan

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中美易货借款史研究的基本问题辨析

上海经济研究 2024年第9期 106-116页

作者：徐昂上海社会科学院经济研究所 200020

基于对学术史与史料的双重分析,本文以抗战时期中美易货借款的合同变化、实际执行与易货贸易全过程为视野,首先辨析了债务统计、合同要件、借款动用、债务清偿以及贸易规定等债务关系问题。其次,本文分析了偿债物资的统购统销、交通运... 详细信息

基于对学术史与史料的双重分析,本文以抗战时期中美易货借款的合同变化、实际执行与易货贸易全过程为视野,首先辨析了债务统计、合同要件、借款动用、债务清偿以及贸易规定等债务关系问题。其次,本文分析了偿债物资的统购统销、交通运输、贸易金融以及大国战略博弈等贸易相关问题,进而构建中美易货借款史研究的理论框架。通过分析史料运用与该专题研究路径变化的关联,本文还指出利用美国典藏相关档案文献是深入研究上述议题的关键转向和必要路径。

关键词：抗日战争中美外债易货贸易海外档案文献研究路径

NiS ultrafine nanorod with translational and rotational symmetry

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National Science Review 2024年第7期11卷 218-225页

作者： Jianxin Kang Qi Hu Ruixuan Zhang ang Gao Zhongning Huang Ziming Su Ke Pei Qinghua Zhang Li-Min Liu Renchao Che Lin Gu Er-Jia Guo Lin Guo School of Chemistry Beihang University Laboratory of Advanced Materials Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Academy for Engineering&Technology Fudan University Zhejiang Laboratory Beijing National Center for Electron Microscopy and Laboratory of Advanced Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Physics Beihang University

Anisotropy is a significant and prevalent characteristic of materials, conferring orientation-dependent properties, meaning that the creation of original symmetry enables key functionality that is not found in nature. Even with the advancements in atomic machining, synthesis of separated symmetry in different directions within a single structure remains an extraordinary challenge. Here, we successfully fabricate NiS ultrafine nanorods with separated symmetry along two directions. The atomic structure of the nanorod exhibits rotational symmetry in the radial direction, while its axial direction is characterized by divergent translational symmetry, surpassing the conventional crystalline structures known to date. It does not fit the traditional description of the space group and the point group in three dimensions, so we define it as a new structure in which translational symmetry and rotational symmetry are separated. Further corroborating the atomic symmetric separation in the electronic structure, we observed the combination of stripe and vortex magnetic domains in a single nanorod with different directions, in accordance with the atomic *** manipulation of nanostructure at the atomic level introduces a novel approach to regulate new properties finely, leading to the proposal of new nanotechnology mechanisms.

关键词： separated symmetry NiS anisotropy structure atomic machining magnetic domain

二维MXene材料在太阳能电池和金属离子电池中的研究进展

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化工学报 2024年第2期75卷 412-428页

作者：曹宇张国辉高昂杜心宇周静蔡永茂余璇于晓明现代电力系统仿真控制与绿色电能新技术教育部重点实验室(东北电力大学) 吉林吉林132012 东北电力大学电气工程学院吉林吉林132012 东北电力大学化学工程学院吉林吉林132012 东北电力大学理学院吉林吉林132012 浙江海洋大学海洋工程装备学院浙江舟山316022

MXene是一种新型二维材料,具有导电性高、表面官能团丰富、层间距和能带结构可调等特点,从而在新能源器件中拥有重要的研究价值。综述了MXene在太阳能电池和金属离子电池中应用的相关进展。在太阳能电池中,基于MXene高电导率、高透明度... 详细信息

MXene是一种新型二维材料,具有导电性高、表面官能团丰富、层间距和能带结构可调等特点,从而在新能源器件中拥有重要的研究价值。综述了MXene在太阳能电池和金属离子电池中应用的相关进展。在太阳能电池中,基于MXene高电导率、高透明度和功函数灵活可调的特点,讨论了其在电极和载流子传输层中的相关应用研究,并对MXene功函数调整的策略进行了总结。在金属离子电池中,基于MXene独特的二维层状结构、优异的力学性能和良好的导电性,讨论了MXene作为负极材料以及与碳纳米材料、金属氧化物和硅组成的复合材料对电化学性能的提升作用,并对MXene在正极材料、集流体以及隔膜中应用也进行了介绍。最后对MXene的下一步发展进行了展望。

关键词： MXene 太阳能电池金属离子电池纳米材料器件性能

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An Integrated Carbon Dioxide Capture and Methanation Process

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第5期6卷 1174-1183页

作者： Xiaochen Zhang Mengzhu Li Xingwu Liu ang Li yuchen Deng Mi Peng yu Zhang Charlotte Vogt Matteo Monai Junxian Gao Xuetao Qin Yao Xu Qiaolin yu Meng Wang Guofu Wang Zheng Jiang Xiaodong Han Casper Brady Wei-Xue Li Wu Zhou Jin-Xun Liu bingjun Xu Bert M.Weckhuysen Ding Ma Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences College of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871 China Academy of Aerospace Science and Innovation Beijing 100088 National Energy Center for Coal to Liquids Synfuels China Co.Ltd.Beijing 101400 Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis group Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry and Debye Institute for Nanomaterials ScienceFaculty of ScienceUtrecht University3584 CG Utrecht State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion Institute of Coal ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesTaiyuan 030001 Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility Zhangjiang LadShanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201210 Center for Catalytic Science and Technology University of DelawareNewarkDelaware 19716 Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui 230026 Hefei National Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230088 School of Physical Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum PhysicsUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049

Reducing the ever-growing level of CO_(2)in the atmosphere is critical for the sustainable development of human society in the context of global *** of the capture and upgrading of CO_(2)is,therefore,highly desirable since each process step is costly,both energetically and ***,we report a CO_(2)direct air capture(DAC)and fixation process that produces *** concentrations of CO_(2)(∼400 ppm)in the air are captured by an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide to form *** carbonate is subsequently hydrogenated to methane,which is easily separated from the reaction system,catalyzed by TiO2-supported Ru in the aqueous phase with a selectivity of 99.9%among gas-phase *** concurrent regenerated hydroxide,in turn,increases the alkalinity of the aqueous solution for further CO_(2)capture,thereby enabling this one-ofits-kind continuous CO_(2)capture and methanation *** simulations demonstrate the energy feasibility of this CO_(2)DAC and methanation process,highlighting its promise for potential largescale applications.

关键词： CO_(2)capture and methanation process sodium hydroxide carbonate Ru/TiO_(2) catalytic mechanism CO_(2)activation and hydrogenation

Morphological disruption and visual tuning alterations in the primary visual cortex in glaucoma(DBA/2J)mice

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第1期19卷 220-225页

作者： Yin Yang Zhaoxi Yang Maoxia Lv ang Jia Junjun Li Baitao Liao Jing’an Chen Zhengzheng Wu Yi Shi Yang Xia Dezhong Yao Ke Chen Department of Ophthalmology Sichuan Provincial People’s HospitalMedical SchoolUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduSichuan ProvinceChina The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute MOE Key Lab for NeuroInformationSchool of Life Science and TechnologyUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduSichuan ProvinceChina Research Unit of NeuroInformation Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesChengduSichuan ProvinceChina Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina Health Management Center Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene StudySichuan Provincial People’s HospitalUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduSichuan ProvinceChina Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(2019RU026) Sichuan Academy of Medical SciencesChengduSichuan ProvinceChina School of Electrical Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina

Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreve rsible blindness wo rldwide,and previous studies have shown that,in addition to affecting the eyes,it also causes abnormalities in the ***,it is not yet clear how the primary visual cortex(V1)is altered in *** study used DBA/2J mice as a model for spontaneous secondary *** aim of the study was to compare the electrophysiological and histomorphological chara cteristics of neurons in the V1between 9-month-old DBA/2J mice and age-matched C57BL/6J *** conducted single-unit recordings in the V1 of light-anesthetized mice to measure the visually induced responses,including single-unit spiking and gamma band *** morphology of layerⅡ/Ⅲneurons was determined by neuronal nuclear antigen staining and Nissl staining of brain tissue ***-seven neurons from eight DBA/2J mice and eighty-one neurons from eight C57BL/6J mice were *** with the C57BL/6J group,V1 neurons in the DBA/2J group exhibited weaker visual tuning and impaired spatial *** r,fewer neuro ns were observed in the V1 of DBA/2J mice compared with C57BL/6J *** findings suggest that DBA/2J mice have fewer neurons in the VI compared with C57BL/6J mice,and that these neurons have impaired visual *** findings provide a better understanding of the pathological changes that occur in V1 neuron function and morphology in the DBA/2J mouse *** study might offer some innovative perspectives regarding the treatment of glaucoma.

关键词： DBA/2J degeneration gamma band oscillations glaucoma primary visual cortex(V1) retina single-unit recording tuning curve

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慢性疼痛基因治疗相关离子通道的研究进展

中国疼痛医学杂志 2024年第8期30卷 598-603页

作者：樊玉昂栾永宋辛叶大连医科大学大连116044 大连医科大学附属第一医院麻醉科大连116011

慢性疼痛严重影响病人生活质量且造成巨大经济负担,现有的治疗方式不能很好的满足病人的镇痛需求。近年来,人们对于生物基因组有了更加全面的认识,同时精准递送系统的研发为基因治疗提供了有效手段,可以靶向递送抗伤害感受性分子或阻断... 详细信息

慢性疼痛严重影响病人生活质量且造成巨大经济负担,现有的治疗方式不能很好的满足病人的镇痛需求。近年来,人们对于生物基因组有了更加全面的认识,同时精准递送系统的研发为基因治疗提供了有效手段,可以靶向递送抗伤害感受性分子或阻断痛觉传导。目前,已发现多种疼痛相关靶点,不同靶点介导不同类型的疼痛,为基因治疗慢性疼痛开辟了新的思路。新兴的基因疗法应用前景广阔,但也面临巨大的挑战。本文主要总结了与慢性疼痛基因治疗相关的离子通道靶点,为进一步寻找特异性靶点提供思路。

关键词：慢性疼痛基因治疗离子通道靶点

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经典电路网络中奇异束缚态的实验观察

Science Bulletin 2024年第14期69卷 2194-2204页

作者：邹德源陈天孟海瑜 Yee Sin ang 张向东李庆华 Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurements of Ministry of Education Beijing Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic SystemsSchool of PhysicsBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China School of Physics and Optoelectronics Xiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105China Department of Physics National University of SingaporeSingapore 117542Singapore Science Mathematics and Technology ClusterSingapore University of Technology and DesignSingapore 487372Singapore Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University International Campus of Tianjin UniversityFuzhou 350207China

Exceptional bound(EB)states represent a unique new class of robust bound states protected by the defectiveness of non-Hermitian exceptional *** distinct from the more well-known topological states and non-Hermitian skin states,they were recently discovered as a novel source of negative entanglement entropy in the quantum entanglement ***,EB states have been physically elusive,being originally interpreted as negative probability eigenstates of the propagator of nonHermitian Fermi *** this work,we show that EB states are in fact far more ubiquitous,also arising robustly in broad classes of systems whether classical or *** hinges crucially on a newlydiscovered spectral flow that rigorously justifies the EB nature of small candidate lattice *** a highlight,we present their first experimental realization through an electrical circuit,where they manifest as prominent stable resonant voltage *** work brings a hitherto elusive but fundamentally distinctive quantum phenomenon into the realm of classical metamaterials,and provides a novel pathway for the engineering of robust modes in otherwise sensitive systems..

关键词： Exceptional bound states Classical circuit network Non-Hermitian Robustness Exceptional point

Engineering hydrophobic protective layers on zinc anodes for enhanced performance in aqueous zinc-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第10期97卷 1-11,I0001页

作者： Taofeng Li Suxia Yan Hongyu Dong Yang Zheng Kun Ming Ying Chen Haitao Li Guochun Li Zhixia He Weimin Li Quan Wang Xiaohui Song Junfeng Liu Edison Huixiang ang Yong Wang Institute for Energy Research Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013jiangsuChina Natural Sciences and Science Education National Institute of EducationNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 63766Singapore School of Mechanical Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013JiangsuChina Shenzhen Cllege of Advanced Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055GuangdongChina Shandong Zhongke Advanced Technology Co. LtdJinan 250101ShandongChina School of Materials Science and Engineering HefeiUniversity of TechnolgyHefei230009AnhuiChi

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries possess substantial potential for energy storage applications;however,they are hampered by challenges such as dendrite formation and uncontrolled side reactions occurring at the zinc *** our investigation,we sought to mitigate these issues through the utilization of in situ zinc complex formation reactions to engineer hydrophobic protective layers on the zinc anode *** robust interfacial layers serve as effective barriers,isolating the zinc anode from the electrolyte and active water molecules and thereby preventing hydrogen evolution and the generation of undesirable ***,the presence of numerous zincophilic sites within these protective layers facilitates uniform zinc deposition while concurrently inhibiting dendrite *** comprehensive evaluation of functional anodes featuring diverse functional groups and alkyl chain lengths,we meticulously scrutinized the underlying mechanisms influencing performance *** analysis involved precise modulation of interfacial hydrophobicity,rapid Zn^(2+)ion transport,and ordered deposition of Zn^(2+)***,the optimized anode,fabricated with octadecylphosphate(OPA),demonstrated exceptional performance *** Zn//Zn symmetric cell exhibited remarkable longevity,exceeding 4000 h under a current density of 2 mA cm^(-2)and a capacity density of 2 mA h cm^(-2),Furthermore,when integrated with a VOH cathode,the complete cell exhibited superior capacity retention compared to anodes modified with alternative organic molecules.

关键词： Aqueous zinc-ion batteries Hydrophobic protective layers Zinc anode stability Dendrite growth inhibition Energy storage