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Disaster effects of climate change in High Mountain Asia:State of art and scientific challenges Disaster effects of climate change in High Mountain Asia:State of art and scientific challenges

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第3期15卷 367-389页

作者： Hao WANG Bin-Bin WANG Peng CUI Yao-Ming MA Yan WANG Jian-Sheng HAO yu WANG Ya-Mei LI Li-Jun SUN Jiao WANG Guo-Tao ZHANG Wei-Mo LI yu LEI Wen-Qing ZHAO Jin-Bo tanG Chao-yue LI Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Environment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China China‒Pakistan Joint Research Center on Earth Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesIslamabad 45320Pakistan College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China College of Atmospheric Science Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China National Observation and Research Station for Qomolongma Special Atmospheric Processes and Environmental Changes Dingri 858200China

High Mountain Asia(HMA)shows a remarkable warming tendency and divergent trend of regional precipitation with enhanced meteorological *** rapid thawing of the HMA cryosphere may alter the magnitude and frequency of nature *** reviewed the influence of climate change on various types of nature hazards in HMA region,including their phenomena,mechanisms and *** reveals that:1)the occurrences of extreme rainfall,heavy snowfall,and drifting snow hazards are escalating;accelerated ice and snow melting have advanced the onset and increased the magnitude of snowmelt floods;2)due to elevating trigger factors,such as glacier debuttressing and the rapid shift of thermal and hydrological regime of bedrock/snow/ice interface or subsurface,the mass flow hazards including bedrock landslide,snow avalanche,ice-rock avalanches or glacier detachment,and debris flow will become more severe;3)increased active-layer detachment and retrogressive thaw slumps slope failures,thaw settlement and thermokarst lake will damage many important engineering structures and infrastructure in permafrost region;4)multi-hazards cascading hazard in HMA,such as the glacial lake outburst flood(GLOF)and avalanche-induced mass flow may greatly enlarge the destructive power of the primary hazard by amplifying its volume,mobility,and impact force;and 5)enhanced slope instability and sediment supply in the highland areas could impose remote catastrophic impacts upon lowland regions,and threat hydropower security and future water *** future,ongoing thawing of HMA will profoundly weaken the multiple-phase material of bedrock,ice,water,and soil,and enhance activities of nature *** and cascading hazards of high magnitude will prevail in *** the glacier runoff overpasses the peak water,low flow or droughts in lowland areas downstream of glacierized mountain regions will became more frequent and *** escalating hazards in the HMA region requires tackling s

关键词： High Mountain Asia Climate change Cryosphere degradation Nature hazards Disaster risk

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Impacts of surfactant-based adjuvants on spray droplet size,drift distance,and deposition efficiency

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第3期17卷 50-58页

作者： Changwei Gong yue Liu yu Ma Qiulin Wang Zhengze Xu Xuegui Wang Xiaoxu Zhan Litao Shen Biorational Pesticide Research Lab Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China Anyang Quanfeng Aviation Plant Protection Technology Co. LtdAnyang 455000HenanChina

The application of anti-drift nozzles,such as air-induction nozzles,is the most common recommendation for reducing spray drift;To reduce the risk of coarse droplets bouncing and rolling produced by anti-drift nozzles,various types of adjuvants were screened by comparing their atomization performance,surface tension and contact angle,in order to identify favourable adjuvants that are compatible with anti-drift *** was found from the study results that the addition of 50%neem crude oil emulsifiable concentrate(neem oil),isomeric alcohol ethoxylates and BYK-405 all significantly decreased distribution span(S)and the percentage of droplet size less than 150μm(ΦVol_(tantially decreased the drift deposition amount;In addition,the field experiments revealed that IDKA possessed a significantly improved deposition amount per unit area on canopy or bottom,leading to a more effective *** results suggest that the use of IDK120-01 nozzle and neem oil can effectively reduce spray drift,lessen surface tension and enhance spreading.

关键词： spray drift unmanned aerial vehicles air-induction nozzles surface tension contact angle

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A comprehensive aerodynamic-thermalmechanical design method for fast response turbocharger applied in aviation piston engines

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Propulsion and Power Research 2024年第2期13卷 145-165页

作者： yu Zhou yue Song Shuai Zhao Xueyu Li Longtao Shao Huansong Yan Zheng Xu Shuiting Ding Research Institute of Aero-Engine Beihang UniversityBeijing 100083China Aircraft/Engine Integrated System Safety Beijing Key Laboratory Beijing 100083China School of Energy and Power Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100083China School of Transportation Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100083China AVIC Nanjing Engineering Institute of Aircraft Systems Nanjing 210000China Hangzhou International Innovation Institute Beihang UniversityHangzhou 311115China Civil Aviation University of China Tianjin 300300China

Limited by the poor transient response performance of turbochargers,the dynamic performance of aviation piston engines tends to *** a bid to enhance the turbocharger’s acceleration capabilities,this study scrutinizes various factors impacting its *** on the operational principles and transient response process of the turbocharger,three types of in-ertiadnamely,aerodynamic inertia(ADI),thermal inertia(TI),and mechanical inertia(MI)d are identiﬁed and addressed for *** begin,this paper pioneers the innovative deﬁnition of a method for evaluating the transient response performance of the *** method incor-porates the introduction of an ADI parameter,inspired by the deﬁnition of ***,a thin-walled volute design with a low Biot number and a lightweight turbine impeller is introduced to reduce the turbocharger’s TI and *** simulation results of theﬂowﬁeld distribution within the volute and diffuser demonstrate the comprehensive design method’s effectiveness in improving gas pressure and temperature distributions in these ***,the pressure distributionﬂuctuation in the constant moment-of-momentum volute(CMV)is 62.8%lower than that in the constant velocity moment volute(CVMV).The low-TI thin-walled volute not only en-hances the turbocharger’s response speed but also reduces its weight by approximately 40%.The impact of three types of inertia on the engine’s response speed is quantiﬁed as follows:ADI(94%)>MI(5%)>TI(1%).This conclusion has been veriﬁed through test results of both the turbocharger and the *** design method not only signiﬁcantly improves the turbo-charger’s response performance but also offers valuable insights for the optimal design of other blade mechanical systems.

关键词： Turbocharger Fast response design method Aerodynamic inertia Thermal inertia Mechanical inertia

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骨形态发生蛋白-2在骨髓源性心肌干细胞向心肌分化中的作用

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解剖学报 2005年第5期36卷 498-502页

作者：贺其志谭玉珍王海杰王新艳孙丽莉复旦大学上海医学院人体解剖学与组织学胚胎学系上海200032

目的研究骨形态发生蛋白-2(BMP-2)对骨髓源性心肌干细胞(MCSC)向心肌分化的作用,探讨MCSC向心肌分化中的BMP-2信号转导机制.方法从SD大鼠骨髓中筛选MCSC,用BMP-2诱导向心肌定向分化.RT-PCR检测诱导前后BMP-2受体BMPRIA和BMPRII、心肌早... 详细信息

目的研究骨形态发生蛋白-2(BMP-2)对骨髓源性心肌干细胞(MCSC)向心肌分化的作用,探讨MCSC向心肌分化中的BMP-2信号转导机制.方法从SD大鼠骨髓中筛选MCSC,用BMP-2诱导向心肌定向分化.RT-PCR检测诱导前后BMP-2受体BMPRIA和BMPRII、心肌早期转录因子Nkx2.5和GATA-4以及cTnT mRNA的表达.免疫细胞化学标记诱导后细胞cTnT和Cx-43的表达.结果用BMP-2诱导后,MCSC的形态和排列发生变化.RT-PCR检测结果显示,诱导前BMPRIA和BMPRII以及Nkx2.5和GATA-4呈低表达,诱导后1周表达增加,3～4周表达明显.cTnT mRNA在诱导前不表达,诱导后1周开始表达,3～4周表达明显.免疫细胞化学染色显示,cTnT和Cx-43从诱导后2周开始表达.3～4周cTnT表达增强,呈现密集的横纹样结构.Cx-43在2周位于细胞膜下,3周分布于相邻细胞连接处,4周呈颗粒状密集分布于肌管的相邻细胞连接处. 结论BMP-2通过BMPRIA和BMPRII的介导作用诱导MCSC分化为心肌细胞.

关键词：骨形态发生蛋白-2 骨髓源性心肌干细胞心肌早期转录因子 cTnT Cx-43 大鼠

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LncRNA HCP5-encoded protein contributes to adriamycin resistance through ERK/mTOR pathway-mediated autophagy in breast cancer cells

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第4期11卷 69-72页

作者： Jia-Ni Xing Yi-Ni Shang Zheng-Ling yu Shun-Heng Zhou Wang-Yang Chen Li-Hong Wang Department of Pathophysiology Medical College of Southeast UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210009China Department of Biomedical Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjingJiangsu 211106China School of Medicine Taizhou UniversityTaizhouZhejiang 318000China Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine NanjingJiangsu 210009China

Adriamycin(ADR),also known as doxorubicin,is an anthracycline anticancer drug and a chemotherapeutic drug commonly used in breast cancer treatments.1 However,breast cancer patients can gradually become tolerant to ***,improving the curative effect of ADR remains an urgent problem to be *** is a complex catabolic process;normal living cells break down damaged organelles or aggregated molecules and absorb energy to maintain homeostasis through autophagy.

关键词： breast cancer homeostasis

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Machine learning noise exposure detection of rail transit drivers using heart rate variability

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Transportation Safety and Environment 2024年第2期6卷 122-132页

作者： Zhiqiang Sun Haiyue Liu yubo Jiao Chenyang Zhang Fang Xu Chaozhe Jiang Xiaozhuo yu Gang Wu School of Transportation and Logistics Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 611756China Lanzhou Rail Transit Co. Ltd.Lanzhou 730000China Sichuan Tourism University Chengdu 610100China PagerDuty Inc.905 King StWTorontoON M6K 3G9Canada

Previous studies have found that drivers’physiological conditions can deteriorate under noise conditions,which poses a potential hazard when *** a result,it is crucial to identify the status of drivers when exposed to different ***,such explo-rations are rarely discussed with short-term physiological indicators,especially for rail transit *** this study,an experiment involving 42 railway transit drivers was conducted with a driving simulator to assess the impact of noise on drivers’physiological *** the individuals’heterogeneity,this study introduced drivers’noise annoyance to measure their *** variances of drivers’heart rate variability(HRV)along with different noise adaptions are explored when exposed to different noise *** machine learning approaches(support vector machine,K-nearest neighbour and random forest)were then used to classify their physiological status under different noise conditions according to the HRV and drivers’self-noise *** indicate that the volume of traffic noise negatively affects drivers’performance in their *** with different noise adaptions but exposed to a fixed noise were found with discrepant HRV,demonstrating that noise adaption is highly associated with drivers’physiological status under *** is also found that noise adaption inclusion could raise the accuracy of ***,the random forests classifier performed the best in identifying the physiological status when exposed to noise conditions for drivers with different noise adaptions.

关键词： noise exposure detection noise adaption heart rate variability(HRV) machining learning simulator experiment

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A likely paleo-autotetraploidization event shaped the high conservation of Nyssaceae genome

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第3期10卷 911-930页

作者： Yishan Feng Zhenyi Wang Qimeng Xiao Jia Teng Jianyu Wang Zijian yu Jiaqi Wang Qiang Xu Yan Zhang Shaoqi Shen Shoutong Bao yu Li Zimo Yan yue Ding Zihan Liu yuxian Li Tianyu Lei Min yuan Xiu-Qing Li Jinpeng Wang Department of Bioinformatics School of Life SciencesNorth China University of Science and TechnologyTangshanHebei 063000China Fredericton Research and Development Centre Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaFrederictonNew Brunswick E3B 4Z7Canada State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100093China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Scientific knowledge about the ancestral genome of core eudicot plant kingdom can potentially have profound impacts on both basic and applied research,including evolution,genetics,genomics,ecology,agriculture,forestry,and global *** investigate which plant conserves best the core eudicots common ancestor genome,we compared Arcto-Tertiary relict Nyssaceae and 30 other eudicot plant *** genomes of Davidia involucrata(a known living fossil),Camptotheca acuminata and Nyssa sinensis,one per existent genus of Nyssaceae,were performed comparative genomic *** found that Nyssaceae originated from a single Nyssaceae common tetraploidization event(NCT)-autotetraploidization 28-31 Mya after the core eudicot common hexaploidization(ECH).We identified Nyssaceae orthologous and paralogous genes,determined its chromosomal evolutionary trajectory,and reconstructed the Nyssaceae most recent ancestor *** genome contained the entire seven paleochromosomes and 17 ECH-generated eudicot common ancestor chromosomes and was the slowest in mutation among the analyzed 42 species of 31 plant *** both its high retention of paleochromosomes and its low mutation rate,*** provides the best case in conservation of the core eudicot paleogenome.

关键词： Nyssaceae Polyploidization Multigenome alignment Evolutionary rate Autotetraploidization Karyotype evolution

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Association of cardiometabolic multimorbidity with all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality among Chinese hypertensive patients

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第2期21卷 211-218页

作者： Luo-Xi XIAO Zi-yu WANG Jiang-Tao LI Hai-Mei WANG Yi-Ming HAO Pan ZHOU yu-Lin HUANG Qiu-Ju DENG Yong-Chen HAO Na YANG Li-Zhen HAN Zhao YANG Ping-Ping JIA yue QI Jing LIU Center for Clinical and Epidemiologic Research Beijing Anzhen HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing Institute of HeartLung and Blood Vessel DiseasesBeijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical EpidemiologyBeijingChina

BACKGROUND Hypertension usually clusters with multiple ***,the association between cardiometabolic multimorbidity(CMM)and mortality in hypertensive patients is *** study aimed to investigate the association between CMM and all-cause and cardiovascular disease(CVD)mortality in Chinese patients with *** The data used in this study were from the China National Survey for Determinants of Detection and Treatment Status of Hypertensive Patients with Multiple Risk Factors(CONSIDER),which comprised 5006 participants aged 19–91 *** was defined as the presence of one or more of the following morbidities:diabetes mellitus,dyslipidemia,chronic kidney disease,coronary heart disease,and *** proportional hazard models were used to calculate the hazard ratios(HR)with 95%CI to determine the association between the number of CMMs and both all-cause and CVD *** Among 5006 participants[mean age:58.6±10.4 years,50%women(2509 participants)],76.4%of participants had at least one *** mortality rate was 4.57,4.76,8.48,and 16.04 deaths per 1000 person-years in hypertensive patients without any comorbidity and with one,two,and three or more morbidities,*** the fully adjusted model,hypertensive participants with two cardiometabolic diseases(HR=1.52,95%CI:1.09–2.13)and those with three or more cardiometabolic diseases(HR=2.44,95%CI:1.71–3.48)had a significantly elevated risk of all-cause *** findings were similar for CVD mortality but with a greater increase in risk *** In this study,three-fourths of hypertensive patients had *** with two or more comorbidities was associated with a significant increase in the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among hypertensive patients,suggesting more intensive treatment and control in this high-risk patient group.

关键词： hypertensive patients morbidity

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Four-birds-with-one-stone:A multifunctional Ti-based material for solar-driven water evaporation

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4498-4506页

作者： Yannan Li Yaning Sun Dan Zhang yu Xue Jie Wang Nan Zhang Jun Wang Jiangwei Zhang Yan Zhao Jun-Jie Liu School of Physical Science and Technology College of Energy Materials and ChemistryInner Mongolia UniversityHohhot 010021China

Sustainable,environmentally friendly and low-energy desalination materials have important research value for the increasing demand of freshwater year by ***,it is a huge challenge to maintain high heat energy transfer efficiency without reducing the heat conversion capacity of specific solar photothermal conversion ***,their efficiency and durability are greatly limited by the problems of seawater corrosion,oil,and bacteria *** now,no related work has been reported to solve all the aforementioned problems via a simple four-birds-with-one-stone ***,a class of multifunctional porous photothermal silver(Ag)modified Ti foams(Tf-TA/Ag series materials)is prepared for the development of advanced solar water evaporation devices,and provides alternative materials for alleviating freshwater crisis and treating *** oil contact angle(OCA)changes from 41°to 180°,which significantly reduces the adhesion of *** addition,Tf-TA2/Ag sample also shows an excellent and sustained antibacterial effect,which maintains above 99.9%of antibacterial rate after repeated 5 *** surface temperature of the Tf-TA2/Ag sample reaches 52.5℃ after simulated sun irradiation for 20 min,which is significantly higher than that of the contact groups(water:36.4℃,Ti foam:38.2℃ and Tf-TA2:40.9℃).The capacity of seawater evaporation and salt removal is enhanced due to the excellent photothermal properties,low reflectance,and uniform heat dissipation *** water production efficiency of Tf-TA2/Ag sample is 1.41 kg·m^(-2)·h^(-1) in artificial seawater and 0.76 kg·m^(-2)·h^(-1) in oily sewage under simulated sun ***,the hydrophilic and oleophobic properties of Tf-TA2/Ag are critical to extracting water from oil/water mixture in diverse water ***,this four-birds-with-one-stone approach provides a new perspective for the improvement of solar seawater desalination performance.

关键词： four-birds-with-one-stone photothermal material antibacterial material antifouling property

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Photoelectron momentum distributions of triatomic CO_(2)molecules by circularly polarized attosecond pulses

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第10期33卷 220-225页

作者： Si-Qi Zhang Jun Zhang Xin-yu Hao Jing Guo Aihua Liu Xue-Shen Liu Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China School of Physics Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

Molecular-frame photoelectron momentum distributions(MF-PMDs)have been studied for imaging molecular *** investigate the MF-PMDs of CO_(2)molecules exposed to circularly polarized(CP)attosecond laser pulses bysolving the time-dependent Schrodinger equations based on the single-active-electron approximation *** showthat high-frequency photons lead to photoelectron diffraction patterns,indicating molecular *** diffractionpatterns can be illustrated by the ultrafast photoionization ***,for the driving pulses with 30 nm,a deviationbetween MF-PMDs and theoretically predicted results of the ultrafast photoionization models is produced because theCoulomb effect strongly influences the molecular ***,the MF-PMDs rotate in the same directionas the helicity of driving laser *** results also demonstrate that the MF-PMDs in a CP laser pulse are the superpositionof those in the parallel and perpendicular linearly polarized *** simulations efficiently visualize molecularorbital geometries and structures by ultrafast photoelectron ***,we determine the contribution of HOMOand HOMO-1 orbitals to ionization by varying the relative phase and the ratio of these two orbitals.

关键词： molecular-frame photoelectron momentum distributions single-active-electron approximation frames ultrafast photoionization models

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