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Stability of water yield in watersheds

Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第2期67卷 483-496页

作者： yu yan Zhiyong LIU Xiaohong CHEN Liyan HUANG Center for Water Resources and Environment School of Civil EngineeringSun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou510275China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai519082China

The hydrological system of a watershed is intricately influenced by both underlying characteristics and climate *** the variability in water yield is essential for effective water resources management and water security in the context of changing *** this study,we adopted the Budyko framework and leveraged simulations from the CMIP6 model to investigate the compensation effects of climate and underlying characteristics on watershed water *** on Taylor expansion and Budyko framework,we estimated the sensitivity of watershed water yield to climate and underlying characteristics(the first-and second-order partial derivatives).By combining external watershed characteristics(e.g.,water yield ratios and underlying characteristics)with internal sensitivity coefficients,this study further used vine copula and principal component analysis to quantify the stability of watershed water *** findings show:(1)Water-yield changes related to underlying characteristics could be offset by climate-related water-yield changes across all climate zones,maintaining the water yield ratio steady(i.e.,the compensation effects).(2)However,global watersheds will turn more sensitive to underlying characteristics and less sensitive to climate variation in the *** climate-and underlying-related sensitivities increase in watersheds with arid climates.(3)The stability of watershed water yield will gradually diminish in the *** 1901–1950to 2051–2100,the global stability of 280 watersheds drops from 0.054 to 0.021(i.e.,stability index identified by the joint probability).Particularly,the largest change in stability of water yield reaches-0.347±0.18 in arid *** semi-arid,semihumid,and humid regions,the changes are-0.039±0.010,-0.028±0.005,and-0.005±0.002,*** findings provide a reference for the future sustainable water resources development under climate change,highlighting the vulnerability of the water resources in ari

关键词： Hydrological system stability Compensation effects on water yield Sensitivities Budyko-Fu decomposition framework Global watersheds

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Network Intrusion Traffic Detection Based on Feature Extraction

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 473-492页

作者： Xuecheng yu yan Huang yu Zhang Mingyang Song Zhenhong Jia College of Information Science and Engineering Xinjiang UniversityUrumqi830046China Network Department China Mobile Communications Group Xinjiang CoLtd.UrumqiUrumqi830011China Xinjiang Signal Detection and Processing Key Laboratory Xinjiang UniversityUrumqi830000China

With the increasing dimensionality of network traffic,extracting effective traffic features and improving the identification accuracy of different intrusion traffic have become critical in intrusion detection systems(IDS).However,both unsupervised and semisupervised anomalous traffic detection methods suffer from the drawback of ignoring potential correlations between features,resulting in an analysis that is not an optimal ***,in order to extract more representative traffic features as well as to improve the accuracy of traffic identification,this paper proposes a feature dimensionality reduction method combining principal component analysis and Hotelling’s T^(2) and a multilayer convolutional bidirectional long short-term memory(MSC_BiLSTM)classifier model for network traffic intrusion *** method reduces the parameters and redundancy of the model by feature extraction and extracts the dependent features between the data by a bidirectional long short-term memory(BiLSTM)network,which fully considers the influence between the before and after *** network traffic is first characteristically downscaled by principal component analysis(PCA),and then the downscaled principal components are used as input to Hotelling’s T^(2) to compare the differences between *** datasets with outliers,Hotelling’s T^(2) can help identify the groups where the outliers are located and quantitatively measure the extent of the ***,a multilayer convolutional neural network and a BiLSTM network are used to extract the spatial and temporal features of network traffic *** empirical consequences exhibit that the suggested approach in this manuscript attains superior outcomes in precision,recall and F1-score juxtaposed with the prevailing *** results show that the intrusion detection accuracy,precision,and F1-score of the proposed MSC_BiLSTM model for the CIC-IDS 2017 dataset are 98.71%,95.97%,and 90.22%.

关键词： Network intrusion traffic detection PCA Hotelling’s T^(2) BiLSTM

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MUS Model:A Deep Learning-Based Architecture for IoT Intrusion Detection

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 875-896页

作者： yu yan yu yang Shen Fang Minna Gao Yiding Chen College of Information Engineering University of Engineering of the Chinese People’s Armed Police Force(PAP)Xi’an710000China College of Missile Engineering Rocket Force Engineering UniversityXi’an710000China

In the face of the effective popularity of the Internet of Things(IoT),but the frequent occurrence of cybersecurity incidents,various cybersecurity protection means have been proposed and *** them,Intrusion Detection System(IDS)has been proven to be stable and ***,traditional intrusion detection methods have shortcomings such as lowdetection accuracy and inability to effectively identifymalicious *** address the above problems,this paper fully considers the superiority of deep learning models in processing highdimensional data,and reasonable data type conversion methods can extract deep features and detect classification using advanced computer vision techniques to improve classification *** TransformField(MTF)method is used to convert 1Dnetwork traffic data into 2D images,and then the converted 2D images are filtered by UnsharpMasking to enhance the image details by sharpening;to further improve the accuracy of data classification and detection,unlike using the existing high-performance baseline image classification models,a soft-voting integrated model,which integrates three deep learning models,MobileNet,VGGNet and ResNet,to finally obtain an effective IoT intrusion detection architecture:the MUS *** types of experiments are conducted on the publicly available intrusion detection dataset CICIDS2018 and the IoT network traffic dataset N_BaIoT,and the results demonstrate that the accuracy of attack traffic detection is greatly improved,which is not only applicable to the IoT intrusion detection environment,but also to different types of attacks and different network environments,which confirms the effectiveness of the work done.

关键词： Cyberspace security intrusion detection deep learning Markov Transition Fields(MTF) soft voting integration

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Exosome-encapsulated lncRNA HOTAIRM1 contributes to PM_(2.5)-aggravated COPD airway remodeling by enhancing myofibroblast differentiation

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 970-985页

作者： Huaqi Guo Luo Fei Hengyi yu yan Li yan Feng Shaowei Wu yan Wang The Ninth People’s Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai 200011China School of Public Health Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200020China Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences School of Public HealthXi’an Jiao Tong University Health Science CenterXi’an 710049China

Emphysema,myofibroblast accumulation and airway remodeling can occur in the lungs due to exposure to atmospheric pollution,especially fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5)),leading to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Specifically,bronchial epithelium-fibroblast communication participates in airway remodeling,which results in *** increasing number of studies are now being conducted on the role of exosome-mediated cell-cell communication in disease ***,we investigated whether exosomes generated from bronchial epithelial cells could deliver information to normal stromal fibroblasts and provoke cellular responses,resulting in airway obstruction in *** studied the mechanism of exosome-mediated intercellular communication between human bronchial epithelial(HBE) cells and primary lung fibroblasts(pLFs).We found that PM_(2.5)-induced HBE-derived exosomes promoted myofibroblast differentiation in ***,the exosomal lncRNA expression profiles derived from PM_(2.5)-treated HBE cells and nontreated HBE cells were investigated using an Agilent Human LncRNA *** coculture assays and direct exosome treatment,we found that HBE cell-derived exosomal HOTAIRM1 facilitated the myofibroblast differentiation of ***,we discovered that exosomal HOTAIRM1 enhanced p LF proliferation to secrete excessive collagen secretion,leading to airway obstruction by stimulating the TGF-β/SMAD3 signaling ***,PM_(2.5)reduced FEV1/FVC and FEV1 and increased the level of serum exosomal HOTAIRM1 in healthy people;moreover,serum exosomal HOTAIRM1 was associated with PM_(2.5)-related reductions in FEV1/FVC and *** findings show that PM_(2.5)triggers alterations in exosome components and clarify that one of the paracrine mediators of myofibroblast differentiation is bronchial epithelial cell-derived HOTAIRM1,which has the potential to be an effective prevention and therapeutic target for PM_(2.5)-induced COPD.

关键词： PM2.5 exosomal lncRNAs HOTAIRM1 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

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Histological,transcriptomic,and gene functional analyses reveal the regulatory events underlying gibberellin-induced parthenocarpy in tomato

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第1期10卷 156-170页

作者： Shaobo Niu yu He Siwei yan Zhengliang Sun Run Cai yan Zhang Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Vegetables College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China

Gibberellin(GA)is one of the major plant hormones that promote parthenocarpy,a highly valuable agronomic ***,we demonstrated that exogenous GA3application triggered the formation of parthenocarpic fruits with smaller size but unchanged shape in tomato(Solanum lycopersicum).These fruits exhibited a thicker pericarp,undeveloped ovules,and few jelly tissues,leading to smaller locules with empty *** investigation showed that GA treatment produced more cell layers with larger cells in the pericarp,suggesting its promotion in both cell division and *** analyses between GA-3and mock-treated unpollinated ovaries/fruits identified a large number of differentially expressed genes related to hormones,cell division,cell expansion,and transcription factors,implying that they coordinately regulated parthenocarpy conferred by *** particular,the downregulation of five reported repressors of tomato parthenocarpy,including two auxin signaling components,AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR5(SlARF5)and Sl ARF7,and three MADS-box genes,TOMATO APETALA3(TAP3),TOMATO PISTILLATA(TPI),and AGAMOUS-LIKE6(SlAGL6),after GA treatment might play a key role in this ***,we found that the knockdown of a GA signaling factor SlMYB33,which was depressed by GA treatment,induced parthenocarpic fruit set in tomato,an effect that might have been achieved by enhancing GA biosynthesis and decreasing the expression of some repressors of tomato ***,our results provide a basis for understanding the regulatory mechanism of GA in tomato parthenocarpy.

关键词： Tomato Gibberellin Parthenocarpy Histology Transcriptome SlMYB33

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The role of exosomes in adult neurogenesis:implications for neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 282-288页

作者： Zhuoyang yu yan Teng Jing yang Lu yang Institute of Neurology Sichuan Provincial People’s HospitalUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduSichuan ProvinceChina Laboratory of Aging Research School of MedicineUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduSichuan ProvinceChina

Exosomes are cup-shaped extracellular vesicles with a lipid bilayer that is approximately 30 to 200 nm in *** are widely distributed in a range of body fluids,including urine,blood,milk,and *** exert biological function by transporting factors between different cells and by regulating biological pathways in recipient *** an important form of intercellular communication,exosomes are increasingly being investigated due to their ability to transfer bioactive molecules such as lipids,proteins,mRNAs,and microRNAs between cells,and because they can regulate physiological and pathological processes in the central nervous *** neurogenesis is a multistage process by which new neurons are generated and migrate to be integrated into existing neuronal *** the adult brain,neurogenesis is mainly localized in two specialized niches:the subventricular zone adjacent to the lateral ventricles and the subgranular zone of the dentate *** increasing body of evidence indicates that adult neurogenesis is tightly controlled by environmental conditions with the *** recent studies,exosomes released from different sources of cells were shown to play an active role in regulating neurogenesis both in vitro and in vivo,thereby participating in the progression of neurodegenerative disorders in patients and in various disease ***,we provide a state-of-the-art synopsis of existing research that aimed to identify the diverse components of exosome cargoes and elucidate the therapeutic potential of exosomal contents in the regulation of neurogenesis in several neurodegenerative *** emphasize that exosomal cargoes could serve as a potential biomarker to monitor functional neurogenesis in *** addition,exosomes can also be considered as a novel therapeutic approach to treat various neurodegenerative disorders by improving endogenous neurogenesis to mitigate neuronal loss in the central nervous system.

关键词： adult neurogenesis Alzheimer’s disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis exosome Huntington’s disease neurodegenerative disease neurogenic niches Parkinson’s disease

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UiO-66-NH_(2)nanoparticles supported on layered double hydroxides as an excellent adsorbent for levofloxacin capture

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Particuology 2024年第9期92卷 155-165页

作者： yan Li Heng Lin Qiaolan yu Na Ma Wei Dai College of Geography and Environmental Sciences Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua321004China Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials College of Chemistry and Materials ScienceZhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua321004China

The adsorption performances of individual adsorbent such as UiO-66-NH_(2)and MgAl-layered double hydroxides(MgAl-LDH)toward levofloxacin(LVX)is less satisfactory due to the disappointing uptake capacity and adsorption ***,a 3D flower-like composite adsorbent prepared via iterative hydrothermal synthesis method anchoring UiO-66-NH_(2)nanoparticles onto the MgAl-LDH *** to the synergistic effects of UiO-66-NH_(2),and MgAl-LDH,the MgAl-LDH@UiO-66-NH_(2)exhibits an outstanding adsorption performance toward ***,the maximum LVX uptake capacity over MgAl-LDH@UiO-66-NH_(2)reached 268 mg/g,which was higher than that of the individual adsorption materials UiO-66-NH_(2)(41 mg/g),MgAl-LDH(140 mg/g),and some adsorbents reported in previous *** rapid adsorption process can reach equilibrium within 20 min,which conformed well to the pseudo-second-order kinetics and the Langmuir isotherm *** thermodynamic result also indicated that the adsorption was spontaneous and exothermic,simultaneous coexisting physical and chemical adsorption ***,the MgAl-LDH@UiO-66-NH_(2)still maintained excellent adsorption capacity with a slightly decrease after fifth cycle,exhibiting a remarkable reuse and stable *** work provides a highly novel strategy to prepare recyclable composite adsorbent for the LVX capture from aqueous solution.

关键词： Layered double hydroxides UiO-66-NH_(2) LVX Adsorption

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Recent Advances in Mechanistic Understanding of Metal-Free Carbon Thermocatalysis and Electrocatalysis with Model Molecules

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第7期16卷 74-97页

作者： Wei Guo Linhui yu Ling Tang yan Wan yangming Lin CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002People’s Republic of China Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth MaterialsHaixi InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002People’s Republic of China Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021People’s Republic of China

Metal-free carbon,as the most representative heterogeneous metal-free catalysts,have received considerable interests in electro-and thermo-catalytic reac-tions due to their impressive performance and *** the past decade,well-designed carbon catalysts with tunable structures and heteroatom groups coupled with various characterization techniques have proposed numerous reaction ***,active sites,key intermediate species,precise structure-activity relationships and dynamic evolution processes of carbon catalysts are still rife with controversies due to the monotony and limitation of used experimental *** this Review,we sum-marize the extensive efforts on model catalysts since the 2000s,particularly in the past decade,to overcome the influences of material and structure limitations in metal-free carbon *** both nanomolecule model and bulk model,the real contribution of each alien species,defect and edge configuration to a series of fundamentally important reactions,such as thermocatalytic reactions,electrocatalytic reactions,were systematically *** with in situ techniques,isotope labeling and size control,the detailed reaction mechanisms,the precise 2D structure-activity relationships and the rate-determining steps were revealed at a molecular ***,the outlook of model carbon catalysis has also been proposed in this work.

关键词： Metal-free carbon catalysts Model catalyst Electrocatalysis Active site Reaction mechanisms

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Spherical Confinement Generates Entropic Force to Accelerate Polymer Chain Detachment

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第3期42卷 407-416,I0010页

作者： yu-Shan Zheng Jian-Ping Zhou yan Xu Kai Li Mechanical Engineering Xinjiang UniversityUrumqi 830002China

To understand the dynamic process of polymer detachment, it is necessary to determine the mean detachment time of a single breakable link, which is modeled as a spring. Normally, this time can be viewed as the escape of a Brownian particle from the potential well of the spring. However, as the free dangling length of the polymer chain increases, the conformational entropy of the chain is affected by geometric confinement. It means that the wall exerts a repulsive force on the chain, resulting in accelerated link detachment from a macroscopic perspective. In this work, we investigate the effect of entropy on the detachment rate in the case where the substrate is spherical. We demonstrate that spherical confinement accelerates chain detachment both inside and outside the sphere. An analytical expression for the mean detachment time of breakable links is given, which includes an additional pre-factor that is related to the partition function. Additionally, we analyze the expressions for entropic forces inside the sphere, outside the sphere, and on a flat wall, comparing their magnitudes to explain the difference in mean detachment time.

关键词： Polymer detachment Breakable link Entropic force Mean first passage time

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Controlled flight of a self-powered micro blimp driven by insect-sized flapping-wing thrusters

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第6期37卷 127-136页

作者： Xian yu Zhiwei LIU Jiaming LENG Mingjing QI Xiaojun yan School of Energy and Power Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Aero-Engine Beijing 100191China National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Aero-Engine Aero-thermodynamics Beihang UniversityBeijng 100191China Beijing Key Laboratory of Aero-Engine Structure and Strength Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

Micro aerial platforms face significant challenges in achieving long controlled endurance as most of the energy is consumed to overcome the weight of the *** this study,we present a controllable micro blimp that addresses this issue through the use of a helium-filled *** micro blimp has a long axis of 23 cm and is propelled by four insect-sized flapping-wing thrusters,each weighing 80 mg and with a wingspan of 3.5 *** distributed thrusters enable controlled motions and provide the micro blimp with an advantage in flight endurance compared to multirotors or flapping-wing micro aerial vehicles at the same size *** enhance the performance of the controlled flight,we propose a wireless control module that enables manipulation from a distance of up to 100 ***,a smartphone application is developed to send instructions to the circuit board,allowing the blimp to turn left and right,ascend and descend,and achieve a combination of these movements *** findings demonstrate that this micro blimp is one of the smallest controlled self-powered micro blimps to date.

关键词： Microairvehicle Aircraft control Self-powered micro blimp Flapping-wing thruster Wireless flight

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