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Effects of sex on fat deposition through gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in weaned pigs

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第2期17卷 100-109页

作者： Linfang Yao Bo wang yu wang Jie Bai Yiming Gao Xintong Ru Chongpeng Bi Jianping Li Anshan Shan College of Animal Science and Technology Northeast Agricultural University

Nitrogen pollution resulting from excessive feed consumption poses a significant challenge for modern swine production. Precision nutrition technology seems to be an effective way to solve this problem;therefore, understanding the law of pig body composition deposition is a prerequisite. This study investigated the sex effects on growth performance, body composition, nutrient deposition, gut microbiota, and short-chain fatty acids(SCFA) in weaned piglets. Eighty weaned pigs were randomly allocated to 2 treatments according to the sex of pigs. An individual pig was considered as a treatment *** body weights(BW 5, 7, 11, 15, 20, and 25 kg) were chosen as experimental points; for each point 10piglets close to the average BW(5 males and 5 females) were slaughtered, and there was one growth phase between each 2 BW points. Results indicated that the males had higher average daily gain(ADG)and average daily feed intake(ADFI) compared to the females(P < 0.05) at growth phases 15 to 20 kg BW and 20 to 25 kg BW. Meanwhile, males at 20 kg BW had higher body fat content than females(P < 0.10).Males showed a higher body fat(P < 0.05) deposition rate at phase 15 to 20 kg BW(P < 0.05) than females. For pigs at 20 kg BW, the relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae UCG-005, Clostridium, Christensenellaceae＿R-7＿group, and Peptostreptococcaceae was significantly increased in males(P < 0.05) but that of Bifidobacterium was decreased(P < 0.05). At 25 kg BW, the relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae＿NK4A214＿group, Fibrobacter, Ruminococcaceae UCG-009, Ralstonia, Klebsiel, and Christensenellaceae＿R-7＿group in males was higher when compared with females(P < 0.05). In terms of SCFA, females exhibited higher concentrations of propionate compared to males(P < 0.05). The results of the current study indicated that sex influenced fat deposition through changes in the composition of gut microbiota and the content of SCFA, which has significant implications for the realization of precisio

关键词： Sex Body composition Nutrient deposition Gut microbiota Short-chain fatty acid Weaned piglet

Multi-layered effects of Codonopsis Radix on the immune system

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Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine 2024年第3期4卷 405-419页

作者： Xiyu Chen Rui Shao yu wang School of Integrative Medicine Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina

Recent research has highlighted the potential of Codonopsis Radix to modulate the immune system,making it a promising candidate for treating chronic inflammatory and cardiovascular diseases,tumors,and ***,because of the complex immune activities of its various components,a comprehensive understanding of Codonopsis Radix immune-regulating properties is still *** knowledge gap hinders its widespread utilization in clinical ***,this review aimed to assess the impact of Codonopsis Radix on the immune system and elucidate its underlying ***,we compared the immunomodulatory effects of different active ingredients derived from Codonopsis Radix to provide a theoretical basis for future investigations on immunomodulation.

关键词： Active ingredients Codonopsis Radix Immune system Immunomodulation herbal medicine Traditional Chinese medicine

Effect of Lightweight Aggregates Incorporation on the Mechanical Properties and Shrinkage Compensation of a Cement-Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag-Phosphogypsum Ternary System

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第8期20卷 1773-1784页

作者： yu wang Mengyang Ma Yong Long Qingxiang Zhao Zhifei Cheng State Key Laboratory of Bridge Intelligent and Green Construction China Railway Major Bridge Engineering Group Co.Ltd.Wuhan430034China China Railway Bridge Science Research Institute. Ltd.Wuhan430034China

Shrinkage-induced cracking is a common issue in concrete structures,where the formation of cracks not only affects the aesthetic appearance of concrete but also potentially reduces its durability and *** this study,the effect of ceramsite sand addition on the properties of a ternary system of cement-ground granulated blast furnace slag(GGBFS)-phosphogypsum(PG)is *** particular,the fluidity,rheology,hydration heat,compressive strength,autogenous shrinkage,and drying shrinkage of the considered mortar specimens are *** results indicate that an increase in PG content leads to a decrease in fluidity,higher viscosity,lower exothermic peak,and lower compressive ***,the shrinkage of the mortar specimens is effectively *** incorporation of internal curing water from ceramsite sand improves fluidity,decreases both yield stress and viscosity,enhances the degree of hydration,and induces mortar ***,the inferior mechanical properties of the ceramsite sand generally produce a decrease in the compressive strength.

关键词： Phosphogypsum ceramsite sand internal curing mechanical property shrinkage

Asymptotic behavior of an SIQR epidemic model driven by Lévy jumps on scale-free networks

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2024年第2期17卷 51-86页

作者： yuncheng Xu Sanyang Liu Xiaojun Sun Hua Hu yu wang School of Mathematics and Statistics Xidian University Xi'an 710071P.R.China School of Mathematics and Statistics Ning Xia University Ningria 750021P.R.China School of Mathematics and Information Science Bao Ji University of Arts and Sciences Baoji 721013 P.R.China College of Mathematics Science and Center for Applied Mathematical Science Inner Mongolia Normal University Hohhot 010022 P.R.China

To investigate the effect of information transmission,Levy jumps and contact heterogeneity of individuals on the asymptotic behavior of epidemic,a stochastic SIQR epidemic model with non-monotone incidence rate and Levy jumps on scale-free networks is *** first,the global dynamics of the deterministic model is studied by constructing appropriate Lyapunov *** the stochastic model is made in accordance with the ecological significance,the existence and uniqueness of the global positive solution of the stochastic SIQR model is ***,by constructing suitable stochastic Lyapunov functions and applying Ito formula with jump,the asymptotic behavior of solutions of stochastic model around equilibrium of the corresponding deterministic model is *** last,the correctness of the analytical results is verified by numerical simulations.

关键词： Lévy jumps asymptotic behavior non-monotone incidence rate scale-free networks SIQR.

7-Oxa-2,3-Diazanorbornene:A One-Step Accessible Monomer for Living Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization to Produce Backbone-Biodegradable Polymers

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第9期6卷 2305-2317页

作者： Xiaoyang wang Yixing Wen yu wang Wei Li Xueguang Lu Wei You Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences(BNLMS) CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering PlasticsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190 Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences(BNLMS) CAS Key Laboratory of ColloidInterface and Chemical ThermodynamicsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049

Traditional ring-opening metathesis polymerization(ROMP)reactions exhibit broad functional group compatibility and precise control over polymer architectures,albeit with non-biodegradable *** progress has resulted in a series of biodegradable ROMP products with diverse cleavable functional groups,yet the majority of the monomers display moderate to low ring strain,which restricts their living polymerization *** this study,a novel category of readily available 7-oxa-2,3-diazanorbornenes(ODAN)is presented,which exhibits the highest ring strain(22.8 kcal/mol)compared to existing degradable ROMP *** trait endows ODAN with the ability to perform living polymerization reactions,generating narrowly dispersed homopolymers,block copolymers,and statistical copolymers with various cyclic olefin comonomers,thereby enabling precise control over distribution of the biodegradable functional ***,the resultant polymers comprise directly connected allyl hemiaminal ether and urethane units,which are hydrolyzable at controllable ***,these well-defined,structure-tunable,and backbone-biodegradable ROMP polymers are applied as nanoetching materials and biodegradable delivery carriers.

关键词： biodegradable polymers ring-opening metathesis polymerization living polymerization nanoetching materials high ring strain

Upwelling current and its relationship to the enrichment of organic matter in the Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation, northern Chongqing-western Hubei area, southern China

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2024年第4期13卷 993-1015页

作者： Jun-Jun Shen Jia-Kai Yan Peng-Wan wang yu-Man wang Lin Zhou yu-Bing Ji Min Xu Hubei Cooperative Innovation Center of Unconventional Oil and Gas of Yangtze University Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology Institute of Hubei Geological Bureau PetroChina Hangzhou Institute of Petroleum Geology PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development Exploration and Production Research Institute Zhejiang Oilfield Company Integrated Center of Exploration and Development

Upwelling currents play a crucial role in the enrichment of organic matter, yet the mechanisms driving this process remain incompletely understood due to methodological and data resolution limitations. In this paper, we employ a combination of biostratigraphic classification, qualitative methods, and quantitative methods to systematically analyze the sedimentological and geochemical characteristics of the Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation in the northern Chongqing-western Hubei area, southern China. The relationship between the upwelling currents and organic matter enrichment in the shale of the Longmaxi Formation is investigated. Results indicate that the upwelling currents in the study area were primarily influenced by the foreland flexure process. From the Rhuddanian(flexure-sedimentation stage) to the Aeronian(flexure-migration stage), the more intense tectonic activity led to gradual opening of the barrier between the South Qinling Ocean and the Yangtze Platform, resulting in an increase in the influx of the oceanic current. The upwelling currents significantly contributed to the organic matter production, albeit without substantially affecting the preservation conditions. Throughout the succession of the Longmaxi Formation, the organic matter content decreased gradually from the passive continental margin to the foreland flexural stagnant basin, which was mainly due to deterioration of the preservation conditions as a result of sea level fall and increased terrigenous input. Despite the increase in the upwelling currents, they did not decisively control the organic matter enrichment. Spatially, during the Rhuddanian to Aeronian period, the organic matter content decreased similarly from the passive continental margin to the foreland flexural stagnant basin, influenced by reduced organic matter production caused by weakening of the upwelling currents and the worsening preservation conditions caused by sea-level fall. The terrigenous input had a relatively minor

关键词： Middle–Upper Yangtze Ordovician–Silurian transition Black shale Passive continental margin Foreland flexural stagnant basin Sedimentary paleoenvironment

Dietary cooking oils and cardiometabolic measurements in an elderly Chinese population

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第6期21卷 642-650页

作者： Xin-yu wang Chao-Ying MIAO Xiao-Fei YE Wen-yuan-yue wang Jia-Bo ZHU Yi ZHOU Yan LI Ji-Guang wang School of Public Health Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Centre for Epidemiological Studies and Clinical TrialsThe Shanghai Institute of HypertensionRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina

OBJECTIVE To investigate three features of dietary cooking oil intake,namely,the consumption,cooking style,and composition of fatty acids in relation to several cardiometabolic measurements in an elderly Chinese *** The elderly(≥65 years)participants for this study were recruited from two community health centers in the urban area of Shanghai.A questionnaire was administered to collect information on dietary oil consumption(low,medium and high)and cooking styles(fry or stir-fry ***)and the composition of fatty acids(poly-unsaturated ***-unsaturated).The cardiometabolic measurements included anthropometry,blood pressure,fasting plasma glucose and serum *** The 1186 study participants had a mean age of 70.9±5.4 *** mean dietary oil consumption was 35.0 g/d,being low(<25 g/d),medium(25-49 g/d)and high(≥50 g/d)in 485,467 and 234 participants,*** proportion of the fry or stir-fry cooking style and oils rich in mono-unsaturated fatty acids was 30.4%and 27.4%,*** before and after adjustment for sex,age,current smoking and alcohol intake,dietary oil consumption was significantly(P≤0.02)and positively associated with the prevalence of treated hypertension and fasting plasma glucose *** similar adjustments as above and additional adjustment for dietary oil consumption,the fry or stir-fry cooking style was significantly(P≤0.048)and positively associated with body mass index,but inversely with systolic and diastolic blood pressure and serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,and the dietary intake of oils rich in mono-unsaturated fat acids was significantly(P≤0.02)and positively associated with diastolic blood pressure,serum triglycerides,total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,and the prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia and *** This study showed that both the consumption and composition of fatty acids of the dietary oils mattered with regard to sev

关键词： cooking elderly unsaturated

Unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma:Transarterial chemoembolization combined with lenvatinib in combination with programmed death-1 inhibition is a possible approach

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第10期16卷 4042-4044页

作者： Fei-yu Zhao Dong-yu wang Nian-Song Qian Department of Thoracic Oncology Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineThe Eighth Medical Center of People’s Liberation Army General HospitalBeijing 100853China Department of Nephrology General Hospital of the People’s Liberation ArmyBeijing 100853China Senior Department of Thoracic Oncology Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineThe Eighth Medical Center of People’s Liberation Army General HospitalBeijing 100091China

In this editorial,we review the article“Efficacy and predictive factors of transarterial chemoembolization combined with lenvatinib plus programmed cell death protein-1 inhibition for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma”.We specifically focused on whether transarterial chemoembolization combined with lenvatinib in combination with a programmed death 1 inhibitor could be used in patients with unresectable hepatocellular *** both transarterial chemoembolization as well as lenvatinib in combination with programmed death 1 inhibitors play an important role in the treatment of advanced liver cancer,but the combination of all three therapeutic approaches needs more research.

关键词： Transarterial chemoembolization Programmed death 1 Lenvatinib Hepatocellular carcinoma

The haplotype-resolved genome assembly of autotetraploid rhubarb Rheum officinale provides insights into its genome evolution and massive accumulation of anthraquinones

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Plant Communications 2024年第1期5卷 196-214页

作者： Hongyu Zhang Qiang He Longsheng Xing Ruyu wang yu wang yu Liu Qinghong Zhou Xuanzhao Li Zheng Jia Ze Liu yuqing Miao Tao Lin Wei Li Huilong Du School of Life Sciences Institute of Life Sciences and Green DevelopmentBasic Science Center for Biotic Interaction in HebeiHebei UniversityBaoding 071000China College of Horticulture China Agricultural UniversityNo.2 Yuanmingyuan West RoadHaidian DistrictBeijing 100193China

Rheum officinale,a member of the Polygonaceae family,is an important medicinal plant that is widely used in traditional Chinese ***,we report a 7.68-Gb chromosome-scale assembly of *** with a contig N50 of 3.47 Mb,which was clustered into 44 chromosomes across four homologous *** genomics analysis revealed that transposable elements have made a significant contribution to its genome evolution,gene copy number variation,and gene regulation and expression,particularly of genes involved in metabolite biosynthesis,stress resistance,and root *** placed the recent autotetraploidization of *** at~0.58 mya and analyzed the genomic features of its homol-ogous *** no dominant monoploid genomes were observed at the overall expression level,numerous allele-differentially-expressed genes were identified,mainly with different transposable element insertions in their regulatory regions,suggesting that they functionally diverged after *** genomics,transcriptomics,and metabolomics,we explored the contributions of gene family amplification and tetraploidization to the abundant anthraquinone production of ***,as well as gene expression patterns and differences in anthraquinone content among *** report of-fers unprecedented genomic resources for fundamental research on the autopolyploid herb *** and guidance for polyploid breeding of herbs.

关键词： Rheum officinale genomics comparative genomics polyploid anthraquinone biosynthesis