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Overall water splitting over conjugated polymer photocatalysts with crystal facets modulated

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Science China Chemistry 2020年第11期63卷 1582-1583页

作者： Yu Qi Fuxiang Zhang State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian National Laboratory for Clean EnergyDalian 116023China

Photocatalytic overall water splitting(OWS)for H2 and O2 evolution with a 2:1 stoichiometric ratio is one of the most promising ways to convert solar energy into chemical one,but it confronts huge challenges in consideration of the uphill water oxidation with four-electron transfer[1].During the past half century,great efforts have been made to the inorganic semiconductors-based photocatalysts,and to date the maximal apparent quantum efficiency(AQE)of OWS under ultra violet(UV)light has reached over 95%,as high as that of natural photosynthesis[2].Comparatively,however,the research on water splitting using conjugated polymers or hybrid metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)for photocatalysts is still in the infancy stage,and the achievement of OWS on them is tremendously limited because of additional challenges in addressing their poor charge separation and photochemical stability[3,4].

关键词： splitting conjugated photochemical

A new liquid membrane diffusion model for characterizing the adsorption kinetics of europium by using a continuous measurement of adsorption platform

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第1期35卷 59-72页

作者： Hao-qi yu Tao yu Jian-Hua Ye State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment East China University of TechnologyNanchang 330013China CGN Cangnan Nuclear Power Co. Ltd.Cangnan 325800China Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Polymer Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Devices East China University of TechnologyNanchang 330013China School of Nuclear Science and Engineering East China University of TechnologyNanchang 330013China

To explore the kinetic adsorption under continuous and nonequilibrium states, an integration of continuous measurement and adsorption platform kinetics method was proposed, which was initially called the ICM-AP kinetics method, and a corresponding kinetic adsorption experimental method was developed. Adsorption experiments of europium(Eu) on Ca-bentonite,Na-bentonite, and the D231 cation exchange resin were performed using the ICM-AP kinetics method and continuous measurements. Because the kinetic experimental results observed in this study were different from those of traditional batch adsorption data, pseudo-first-order or pseudo-second-order kinetic models were unsuitable for fitting the experimental data.Hence, a liquid membrane diffusion(LMD) model was developed based on the assumption of simultaneous adsorption/desorption to discuss the mechanism of kinetic adsorption. The kinetic adsorption mechanism was also studied by using XPS.The results indicated that the proposed adsorption model can fit the experimental data more suitably, and the adsorption/desorption behaviors of Eu on bentonite and the D231 resin were simultaneously observed, suggesting that the adsorption kinetics of Eu(Ⅲ) was mainly dominated by hydrated Eu(Ⅲ) ions on the liquid membrane.

关键词： ICM-AP method LMD model Adsorption mechanism Eu(Ⅲ)

Preparation of a wearable K-PAN@CuS composite fabric with excellent photothermal/electrothermal properties

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2023年第4期17卷 65-79页

作者： Jintao Zhang qi Zhang Wei Pan Yu Qi Yajie qin Zebo Wang Jiarui Zhao International Joint Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Textiles of Henan Province Zhongyuan University of TechnologyZhengzhou 450007China Huanghe Science and Technology College Zhengzhou 450006China School of Materials and Chemical Engineering Zhongyuan University of TechnologyZhengzhou 451191China College of Textiles Zhongyuan University of TechnologyZhengzhou 451191China

Electrospun nanofibers with highly efficient photothermal/electrothermal performance are extremely popular because of their great potential in wearable heaters.However,the lack of necessary wearable properties such as high mechanical strength and quick response of electrospun micro/nanofibers seriously affects their practical application.In this work,a technical route combining electrospinning and surface modification technology is proposed.The 3-triethoxysilylpropylamine-polyacrylonitrile@copper sulfide(K-PAN@CuS)composite fabric was achieved by modifying the original electrospinning PAN fiber and subsequently loading CuS nanoparticles.The results show that the break strength of the K-PAN@CuS fabric was increased by 10 times compared to that of the original PAN@CuS fabric.Furthermore,the saturated temperature of the K-PAN@CuS fabric heater could reach 116℃within 15 s at a relatively low voltage of 3 V and 120.3℃within 10 s under an infrared therapy lamp(100 W).In addition,due to its excellent conductivity,such a unique structural design enables the fiber to be closely attached to the human skin and helps to monitor human movements.This K-PAN@CuS fabric shows great potential in wearable heaters,hyperthermia,all-weather thermal management,and in vitro physical therapy.

关键词： electrospinning strain sensor electrothermal/photothermal conversion CuS wearable fabric

Synthesis of High Molecular Weight Polyethylene and E-MA Copolymers Using Iminopyridine Ni(Ⅱ) and Pd(Ⅱ) Complexes Containing a Flexible Backbone and Rigid Axial Substituents

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2023年第2期41卷 233-239页

作者： yu-Dan Liao qi Cai Sheng-yu Dai School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Anhui Polytechnic UniversityWuhu241000China Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of EducationAnhui UniversityHefei230601China

Suppressing the chain transfer reactions during polymerization in late-transition metal-catalyzed olefin polymerization systems is the key to obtaining high molecular weight polyolefin materials. In this work, two efficient strategies(“sandwich” and rotation-restricted strategies)to retard chain transfer reactions in ethylene(co)polymerization were employed for the iminopyridyl system. Herein, a family of iminopyridyl Ni(Ⅱ)and Pd(Ⅱ) complexes with a flexible backbone and rigid axial bulky aryl substituents were designed, synthesized and characterized. In ethylene polymerization, the iminopyridyl Ni(Ⅱ) and Pd(Ⅱ) catalysts using the two strategies exhibited reasonable activities and generated highly branched polyethylenes with high molecular weights, where catalysts with dibenzosuberyl substituents exhibited significantly higher activities and produced higher molecular weight polyethylene than catalysts with 8-arylnaphthalenyl substituent. A similar trend of activities and molecular weights was also found in the copolymerization of ethylene with MA using the Pd(Ⅱ) catalysts. Moreover, highly branched E-MA copolymers with moderate to high molecular weights and high incorporation ratios(up to 17.4 mol%) were generated with the two Pd(Ⅱ) catalysts. Most interestingly, as compared with the dibenzhydryl Ni(Ⅱ) and Pd(Ⅱ) catalysts, the catalysts using the two strategies exhibited a superior ability to retard the chain transfer reactions and generated polymers and copolymers with 1-2 orders of magnitude higher molecular weights during ethylene(co)polymerization.

关键词： Ni(Ⅱ)and Pd(Ⅱ) Suppressing chain transfer High molecular weight Ethylene(co)polymerization

Acute toxicity variation of hydroxyl benzophenone UV filters during photoinduction–chlorination disinfection processes

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第4期29卷 48-55页

作者： qi yu State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Benzophenones（BPs）, a group of widely used UV filters, exert multiple, significant toxicity effects. The 11 BPs were selected as target compounds, and the photobacterium acute toxicity test and an index for acute toxicity formation potential（ATFP） were used to evaluate the toxicity variation of BPs before and after a photoinduction–chlorination disinfection process.Orthogonal experiments were performed at different pH values and chlorine dosages. The characteristics of ATFP values for 11 BPs after a photoinduction–chlorination process can be summarized as follows：（1） The ATFPs decreased as the hydroxyl group number increased in BPs molecules.（2） For those BPs with the same hydroxyl group number, the ATFPs were higher when the hydroxyl groups were located at the 3-or 4-position than those at the 2-position; the BPs with hydroxyl groups distributed on two benzene rings had higher ATFPs than those on one ring.（3） Introducing a methoxyl group and sulfonic acid group into BP molecules increased the ATFP values.（4） The ATFPs were p H-dependent, the values of which were lowest at the neutral condition and highest at the acid condition.（5） The ATFPs increased and then decreased as the chlorine dosage increased. The results can be used as a reference to scientifically evaluate the environmental fate and potential risk of BPs in photoinduction–chlorination disinfection processes.

关键词： Benzophenones Photo induction Chlorination Disinfection Toxicity

Experimental and mechanistic study of dispersed micrometer-sized particle resuspension in a square straight duct with rough walls

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Particuology 2023年第12期83卷 101-114页

作者： qi Sun Suyuan yu Wei Peng Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology Cooperation Innovation Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy TechnologyKey Laboratory of Advanced Reactor Engineering and Safety of Ministry of EducationTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Center for Combustion Energy Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of the Ministry of EducationDepartment of Energy and Power EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China

The resuspension of graphite dust is an important phenomenon in the release of radioactivity and the safety of nuclear reactors during severe accidents.In this study,a visualization experimental platform is constructed to study effects of particle size,flow velocity,and wall roughness on the resuspension characteristics of graphite particles.A statistical model of particle resuspension applicable to monolayer dispersed particles is developed based on the moment equilibrium of the particles and the flow field characteristics,as calculated by the large-eddy simulation framework.The results show that particle resuspension can be divided into short-and long-term resuspension stages.Most particle resuspension occurs during the short-term stage.With increases in flow velocity and particle diameter,the aerodynamic or adhesion force acting on the particles increases,and corresponding particle resuspension fraction increases.The influence of rough walls on particle resuspension is related to both the force on the particles and the arm ratio between the wall morphology and the particle diameter.A comparison with the experimental results demonstrates that the particle resuspension model developed in this study accurately predicts the impact of flow velocity,particle size,and wall roughness on particle resuspension.

关键词： Particle resuspension Statistical model Moment equilibrium High temperature gas-cooled reactor(HTGR)

Bidirectional Transformer with absolute-position aware relative position encoding for encoding sentences

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2023年第1期17卷 63-71页

作者： Le qi yu ZHANG Ting LIU School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

Transformers have been widely studied in many natural language processing (NLP) tasks, which can capture the dependency from the whole sentence with a high parallelizability thanks to the multi-head attention and the position-wise feed-forward network. However, the above two components of transformers are position-independent, which causes transformers to be weak in modeling sentence structures. Existing studies commonly utilized positional encoding or mask strategies for capturing the structural information of sentences. In this paper, we aim at strengthening the ability of transformers on modeling the linear structure of sentences from three aspects, containing the absolute position of tokens, the relative distance, and the direction between tokens. We propose a novel bidirectional Transformer with absolute-position aware relative position encoding (BiAR-Transformer) that combines the positional encoding and the mask strategy together. We model the relative distance between tokens along with the absolute position of tokens by a novel absolute-position aware relative position encoding. Meanwhile, we apply a bidirectional mask strategy for modeling the direction between tokens. Experimental results on the natural language inference, paraphrase identification, sentiment classification and machine translation tasks show that BiAR-Transformer achieves superior performance than other strong baselines.

关键词： Transformer relative position encoding bidirectional mask strategy sentence encoder

Effectiveness of acupuncture-related therapies on schizophrenia:a Bayesian network Meta-analysis

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2023年第2期43卷 239-251页

作者： HUANG Zhaohan FANG yuan WANG Xiaolu HAN yue Yu Qi WANG Tong School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Beijing University of Chinese MedicineInstitute of traditional Chinese medicineBeijing 102488China Maternal and women’s health department Shanghai Center for Women and Children’s HealthShanghai 200062China

OBJECTIVE:To create the hierarchical model for the comparison of efficacy of different ATs for schizophrenia.METHODS:PubM ed,Web of Science,Embase,The Cochrane Library,ClinicalTrials,China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database,China Science and Technology Journal Database,Wanfang Database,and SinoM ed were searched using a specified search strategy to identify relevant studies up to December 2021.The data were extracted independently by two reviewers.The quality of included trials was evaluated based on the guidelines of“Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions”.Bayesian network metaanalysis was conducted by statistical analysis software Addis 1.16.6 and Stata 15.1.RESULTS:In total,60 randomized controlled trials covering 4810 patients were enrolled.The network metaanalysis result showed that Body Acupuncture(BA),BA+Electro-acupuncture(EA),Scalp Acupuncture(SA)+EA,Auricular Acupuncture(AA),Low-dose medication and Acupuncture(LA),Acupoint Injection(AI),and Acupoint Catgut Embedding(ACE),when combined with Western Medications(WM),demonstrated a better clinical effect at improving the symptoms of schizophrenia,compared to WM alone.Results of rank probability showed that BA,when combined with WM,was the most optimal AT for schizophrenia at decreasing three aspects of PANSS scale score.CONCLUSIONS:Acupuncture-related therapies help improve the symptoms of schizophrenia,and BA combined with WM may be a better therapy for schizophrenia.

关键词： Schizophrenia Acupuncture Acupuncture-related therapy Network Meta-analysis

Direct-Ink-Writing Printed Strain Rosette Sensor Array with Optimized Circuit Layout

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2023年第4期36卷 205-211页

作者： Peishi yu Lixin qi Zhiyang Guo yu Liu Junhua Zhao Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Food Manufacturing Equipment and Technology School of Mechanical EngineeringJiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Micro-Nano Additive and Subtractive Manufacturing Institute of Advanced TechnologyJiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China

The full-field multiaxial strain measurement is highly desired for application of structural monitoring but still challenging,especially when the manufacturing and assembling for largearea sensing devices is quite difficult.Compared with the traditional procedure of gluing commercial strain gauges on the structure surfaces for strain monitoring,the recently developed Direct-Ink-Writing(DIW)technology provides a feasible way to directly print sensors on the structure.However,there are still crucial issues in the design and printing strategies to be probed and improved.Therefore,in this work,we propose an integrated strategy from layered circuit scheme to rapid manufacturing of strain rosette sensor array based on the DIW technology.Benefit from the innovative design with simplified circuit layout and the advantages of DIW for printing multilayer structures,here we achieve optimization design principle for strain rosette sensor array with scalable circuit layout,which enable a hierarchical printing strategy for multiaxial strain monitoring in large scale or multiple domains.The strategy is highly expected to adapt for the emerging requirement in various applications such as integrated soft electronics,nondestructive testing and small-batch medical devices.

关键词： Direct-ink-writing Strain rosette sensor array Layered circuit scheme Printing strategy