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The Risks of the U.S. Cyber Crisis

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Journal of Information Security 2025年第1期16卷 70-77页

作者： Theo lim Crescenta Valley High School La Crescenta USA

In today’s interconnected world, the ubiquitous influence of digital technology emphasizes the critical need to confront the growing menace of cybercrime. The unrelenting rise of cyber-attacks in the United States poses substantial hazards to individuals, corporations, and nations, jeopardizing economic stability, security, and personal privacy. This study aims to draw awareness of the seriousness of cyber dangers and emphasize employing proactive steps to protect our digital future. This paper stresses the necessity of cybersecurity, digital literacy education, and cybercrime awareness in mitigating these widespread hazards through extensive analysis and empirical research. A more resilient and secure digital environment for current and future generations can be established by cultivating a collective understanding of cyber dangers and developing effective preventative measures.

关键词： Cybersecurity Digital Literacy Education Cybercrime Awareness

Clinical profile and outcomes of ocular surface squamous neoplasia at the Philippine General Hospital:a retrospective study

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2025年第1期18卷 132-138页

作者： Mary Ellaine S.Diaz Ruben lim Bon Siong Justin Alan Yao Gary John V.Mercado Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences University of the Philippines Manila-Philippine General HospitalManila 1000Philippines Eye Institute St.Luke’s Medical CenterQuezon CityManila 1112Philippines Eye and Vision Institute The Medical CityPasig 1800Philippines

AIM:To evaluate the demographics,clinical characteristics,treatments,and outcomes of patients with ocular surface squamous neoplasia(OSSN)at the Philippine General ***:This was a single-center,11-year retrospective,cross sectional case series on 18 cases of OSSN seen between January 2012 to June *** patient’s demographics,presenting symptoms,tumor characteristics,histopathologic diagnosis,treatment,outcomes,and duration of follow-up were ***:Out of 33 identified cases of OSSN,only 18 were eligible for inclusion in the *** age was 60.78y(range 31 to 80),with male predominance(66.67%).The left eye was most commonly affected(61.11%)with most presenting with fleshy mass(83.33%).Most tumors were located nasally(66.67%)and were predominantly papilliform(44.44%)in morphology with associated hyperpigmentation(38.89%).Squamous cell carcinoma(SCCA)was the most common histopathologic diagnosis(72.22%).The main primary treatment was surgical excision(94.44%)with or without adjunctive therapy,with only 1 patient undergoing first-line topical *** 3 recurrences(16.67%)were noted with a median followup of 7.5mo.A statistically significant recurrence-free odds leaning towards the utilization of cryotherapy was ***:OSSN seen at the Philippine General Hospital is presented as a limbal papilliform mass,most commonly affecting elderly *** excision with adjuvant cryotherapy and/or chemotherapy is the preferred mode of treatment.

关键词： ocular surface squamous neoplasia conjunctival malignancy squamous cell carcinoma conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia

Novel genes involved in vascular dysfunction of the middle temporal gyrus in Alzheimer's disease:transcriptomics combined with machine learning analysis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第12期20卷 3620-3634页

作者： Meiling Wang Aojie He Yubing Kang Zhaojun Wang Yahui He Kahleong lim Chengwu Zhang Li Lu School of Basic Medical Sciences Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanShanxi ProvinceChina Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine Nanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore Precise Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanShanxi ProvinceChina

Studies have shown that vascular dysfunction is closely related to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's *** middle temporal gyrus region of the brain is susceptible to pronounced impairment in Alzheimer's *** of the molecules involved in vascular aberrance of the middle temporal gyrus would support elucidation of the mechanisms underlying Alzheimer's disease and discove ry of novel targets for *** carried out single-cell transcriptomic analysis of the middle temporal gyrus in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease and healthy controls,revealing obvious changes in vascular *** analysis of intercellular communication in the middle temporal gyrus showed that the number of cell interactions in this region was decreased in Alzheimer's disease patients,with altered intercellular communication of endothelial cells and pericytes being the most *** expressed genes were also *** the CellChat results,AUCell evaluation of the pathway activity of specific cells showed that the obvious changes in vascular function in the middle temporal gyrus in Alzheimer's disease were directly related to changes in the vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)A-VEGF receptor(VEGFR)2 *** analysis identified subtypes of endothelial cells and pericytes directly related to VEGFA-VEGFR2 pathway *** subtypes of middle temporal gyrus cells showed significant alteration in AD:endothelial cells with high expression of Erb-B2 receptor tyrosine kinase 4(ERBB4^(high))and pericytes with high expression of angiopoietin-like 4(ANGPTL4^(high)).Finally,combining bulk RNA sequencing data and two machine learning algorithms(least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and random forest),four characteristic Alzheimer's disease feature genes were identified:somatostatin(SST),protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 3(PTPN3),glutinase(GL3),and tropomyosin 3(PTM3).These genes were downregulated in th

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease bioinformatics CellChat cerebrovascular disorders endothelial cells intercellular communication machine learning middle temporal gyrus pericytes vascular endothelial growth factor pathway

Comprehensive molecular characterization to predict immunotherapy response in advanced biliary tract cancer:a phase II trial of pembrolizumab

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Oncology Research 2025年第1期33卷 57-65页

作者： RYUL KIM JOO KYUNG PARK MINSUK KWON MINAE AN JUNG YONG HONG JOON OH PARK SUNG HEE lim SEUNG TAE KIM Division of Hematology-Oncology Department of MedicineSamsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoulKorea Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineSamsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoulKorea Department of Hematology-Oncology Ajou University School of MedicineSuwon-siGyeonggi-doKorea Samsung Advanced Institute of Health Science and Technology Sungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoulKorea

Background:Immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)are effective in a subset of patients with metastatic solid ***,the patients who would benefit most from ICIs in biliary tract cancer(BTC)are still *** and methods:We molecularly characterized tissues and blood from 32 patients with metastatic BTC treated with the ICI pembrolizumab as second-line ***:All patients had microsatellite stable(MSS)type *** of the 32 patients achieved partial response(PR),with an objective response rate(ORR)of 9.4%(95%confidence interval[CI],2.0–25.2)and nine showed stable disease(SD),exhibiting a disease control rate(DCR)of 37.5%(95%CI,21.1–56.3).For the 31 patients who had access to PD-1 ligand 1(PD-L1)combined positive score(CPS)testing(cut-off value≥1%),the ORR was not different between those who had PD-L1-positive(PD-L1+;1/11,9.1%)and PDL1-(2/20,10.0%)tumors(p=1.000).The tumor mutational burden(TMB)of PD-L1+BTC was comparable to that of PD-L1-BTC(p=0.630).TMB and any exonic somatic mutations were also not predictive of pembrolizumab *** analysis of blood and tumor samples demonstrated a relatively high natural killer(NK)cell proportion in the peripheral blood before pembrolizumab treatment in patients who achieved tumor ***,the tumors of these patients presented high enrichment scores for NK cells,antitumor cytokines,and Th1 signatures,and a low enrichment score for cancer-associated ***:This study shows the molecular characteristics associated with the efficacy of pembrolizumab in BTC of the MSS type.

关键词： Pembrolizumab Whole-exome sequencing Whole-transcriptome sequencing Biliary tract cancer

Enhancing Plant Resilience to Abiotic Stress:The Power of Biostimulants

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2025年第1期94卷 1-31页

作者： Su-Ee Lau Lucas Wei Tze lim Mohd Fadhli Hamdan Colin Chan Noor Baity Saidi Janna Ong-Abdullah Boon Chin Tan Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture Universiti MalayaKuala Lumpur50603Malaysia Faculty of Science Universiti MalayaKuala Lumpur50603Malaysia School of Biological Sciences Universiti Sains MalaysiaGeorge Town11800Malaysia School of Biology Faculty of Applied SciencesUiTM Shah AlamShah Alam40450Malaysia Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Applied SciencesUCSI UniversityCheras56000Malaysia Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular SciencesUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang43400Malaysia

Abiotic stresses such as drought,heat,salinity,and heavy metal contamination severely affect global agricultural *** 2005 and 2015,droughts caused losses of approximately USD 29 billion in developing countries,and from 2008 to 2018,droughts accounted for over 34%of crop and livestock yield losses,totaling about USD 37 *** support the growing human population,agricultural output must increase substantially,necessitating a 60%–100%rise in crop productivity to meet the escalating *** address environmental challenges,organic,inorganic,and microbial biostimulants are increasingly employed to enhance plant resilience through various morphological,physiological,and biochemical *** biostimulants enhance plant resilience under abiotic stress through mechanisms such as abscisic acid signaling modulation,which regulates stomatal closure to reduce water loss during drought and heat ***,they aid in scavenging reactive oxygen species and stabilizing ion channels,mitigating oxidative damage,and maintaining ionic balance under stress conditions such as *** review summarizes recent advancements in applying these biostimulants,focusing on their roles in triggering morphological,physiological,biochemical,and molecular changes that collectively enhance plant resilience under stress *** also includes a bibliometric analysis of all articles published on biostimulants from 2019 to 2024 and explores future research *** was placed on optimizing biostimulant formulations and understanding their synergistic effects to maximize their efficacy under various stress *** integrating biostimulants into agricultural practices,we can adopt a sustainable strategy to safeguard crop productivity in the face of climate change and environmental stressors.

关键词： Abiotic stress crop improvement microbial plant growth promoting rhizobacteria protein hydrolysate seaweed

Extended protective effects of three dimensional cultured human mesenchymal stromal cells in a neuroinflammation model

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2025年第1期17卷 53-65页

作者： Ok-Hyeon Kim Hana Kang Eun Seo Chang Younghyun lim Young-Jin Seo Hyun Jung Lee Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology College of MedicineChung-Ang UniversitySeoul 06974South Korea Department of Global Innovative Drugs Graduate School of Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul 06974South Korea Department of Life Science Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul 06974South Korea

BACKGROUND Human mesenchymal stromal cells(MSCs)possess regenerative potential due to pluripotency and paracrine ***,their stemness and immunomod-ulatory capabilities are sub-optimal in conventional two-dimensional(2D)*** To enhance the efficiency and therapeutic efficacy of MSCs,an in vivo-like 3D culture condition was *** MSCs were cultured on polystyrene(2D)or in a gellan gum-based 3D *** vitro,prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2,indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase,heme oxygenase 1,and prostaglandin E synthase gene expression was quantified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain *** were incubated with lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-treated mouse splenocytes,and prostaglandin E2 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels were measured by enzyme linked immuno-sorbent *** vivo,LPS was injected into the lateral ventricle of mouse brain,and MSCs were administered intravenously the next *** were sacrificed and analyzed on days 2 and *** Gellan gum polymer-based 3D culture significantly increased expression of octamer-binding transcription factor 4 and Nanog homeobox stemness markers in human MSCs compared to 2D *** 3D environment also heightened expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and heme-oxygenase 1,enzymes known for immunomodulatory functions,including production of prostaglandins and heme degradation,*** in 3D culture secreted more prostaglandin E2 and effectively suppressed tumor necrosis factor-alpha release from LPS-stimulated splenocytes and surpassed the efficiency of MSCs cultured in *** a murine neuroinflammation model,intravenous injection of 3D-cultured MSCs significantly reduced ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 and glial fibrillary acidic protein expression,mitigating chronic inflammation more effectively than 2D-cultured *** The microenvironment established in 3D culture serves as an in vivo mimetic,enhancing the immunomodulatory function of *** sugge

关键词： Mesenchymal stromal cells Three-dimensional culture Immunomodulatory function Neuroinflammation Cell therapy

Short-Term Rolling Prediction of Tropical Cyclone Intensity Based on Multi-Task Learning with Fusion of Deviation-Angle Variance and Satellite Imagery

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2025年第1期42卷 111-128页

作者： Wei TIAN Ping SONG Yuanyuan CHEN Yonghong ZHANG Liguang WU Haikun ZHAO Kenny Thiam Choy lim KAM SIAN Chunyi XIANG School of Software Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China School of Computer Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China School of Automation Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Fudan University Shanghai 200433China Pacific Typhoon Research Center Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Wuxi University Wuxi 214100China National Meteorological Center Beijing 100081China

Tropical cyclones(TCs)are one of the most serious types of natural disasters,and accurate TC activity predictions are key to disaster prevention and ***,TC track predictions have made significant progress,but the ability to predict their intensity is obviously lagging *** present,research on TC intensity prediction takes atmospheric reanalysis data as the research object and mines the relationship between TC-related environmental factors and intensity through deep ***,reanalysis data are non-real-time in nature,which does not meet the requirements for operational forecasting ***,a TC intensity prediction model named TC-Rolling is proposed,which can simultaneously extract the degree of symmetry for strong TC convective cloud and convection intensity,and fuse the deviation-angle variance with satellite images to construct the correlation between TC convection structure and *** TCs'complex dynamic processes,a convolutional neural network(CNN)is used to learn their temporal and spatial *** real-time intensity estimation,multi-task learning acts as an implicit time-series *** model is designed with a rolling strategy that aims to moderate the long-term dependent decay problem and improve accuracy for short-term intensity *** multiple tasks are correlated,the loss function of 12 h and 24 h are *** testing on a sample of TCs in the Northwest Pacific,with a 4.48 kt root-mean-square error(RMSE)of 6 h intensity prediction,5.78 kt for 12 h,and 13.94 kt for 24 h,TC records from official agencies are used to assess the validity of TC-Rolling.

关键词： tropical cyclone intensity structure rolling prediction multi-task

TMEM39A and TMEM131 facilitate bulk transport of ECM proteins through large COPII vesicle formation

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2025年第2期52卷 189-203页

作者： Jee Young Sung Ga-Eun lim Jarim Goo Kyung Jin Jung Jeong Min Chung Hyun Suk Jung Yong-Nyun Kim Jaegal Shim Cancer Metastasis Branch Research InstituteNational Cancer Center323 Ilsan-roGoyang-siGyeonggi-do10408Republic of Korea Experimental Clinical Research Center Biomedical Research InstituteSeoul National University Bundang HospitalSeongnamGyeonggi-do13620Republic of Korea Department of Biochemistry College of Natural SciencesKangwon National UniversityChuncheonKangwon-do24341Republic of Korea

The growth of Caenorhabditis elegans involves multiple molting processes,during which old cuticles are shed and new cuticles are rapidly *** process requires the regulated bulk secretion of cuticle *** transmembrane protein-39(TMEM-39)mutant exhibits distinct dumpy and ruptured phenotypes characterized by notably thin ***-39 primarily co-localizes with the coat protein II complex(COPII)in large vesicles rather than small COPII *** TMEM-39-associated large vesicles(TMEM-39-LVs)form robustly during the molting period and co-localize with various extracellular matrix components,including BLI-1 collagen,BLI-3 dual oxidase,and *** immunoprecipitation using TMEM39A-FLAG and proteomics analysis in human sarcoma cells,we identify TMEM39A-associated proteins,including *** of TMEM131 results in reduced TMEM39A-LV formation and collagen secretion in both *** and human sarcoma cells,indicating a cooperative role between TMEM39A and TMEM131 in the secretion of extracellular components through the formation of large COPII *** the conservation of TMEM39A and its associated proteins between *** and humans,TMEM39A-LVs may represent a fundamental machinery for rapid and extensive secretion across metazoans.

关键词： Bulk secretion Collagen COPII ECM TMEM39A TMEM131

Nasal cavity fungus ball discovered accidentally:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第5期13卷 44-48页

作者： Dae-Neung Lee Dong Hoon Lee Sang Chul lim Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Chonnam National University Medical SchoolChonnam National University Hwasun HospitalHwasun 58128South Korea Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Chonnam National University Medical SchoolHwasun HospitalChonnam National University Hwasun HospitalHwasun 58128South Korea Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Chonnam National University Medical SchoolKwangju 501190South Korea

BACKGROUND Fungal balls within the nasal cavity are an exceedingly rare clinical entity,typically presenting with nonspecific symptoms or being identified *** SUMMARY This report presents an incidental discovery of a fungal ball in the nasal cavity during routine imaging,with no associated clinical *** This case underscores the importance of considering the possibility of asympto-matic presentations of nasal fungal balls,which may be detected incidentally during imaging evaluations.

关键词： Fungi Mycoses Fungus ball Nasal cavity Nasal surgical procedures Case report