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Enriched electrophilic oxygen species facilitate acidic oxygen evolution on Ru-Mo binary oxide catalysts

Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1165-1172页

作者： Yaya Wang Yunzhou Wen Yumeng Cheng Xinhong Chen Mengjiao Zhuansun Tongbao Wang jun Li Debora Meira Huarui Sun jun Wei Jia Zhou Yuhang Wang Sisi He Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology Harbin Institute of Technology(Shenzhen)University TownShenzhen 518055China School of Science Harbin Institute of Technology(Shenzhen)University TownShenzhen 518055China Institute of Functional Nano&Soft Materials(FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon TechnologiesSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Science Division Canadian Light SourceSaskatoonSKS7N 2V3Canada Photon Science Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIL60439USA School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology(Shenzhen)University TownShenzhen 518055China

The polymer electrolyte membrane(PEM)electrolyzers are burdened with costly iridium(Ir)-based catalysts and high operation overpotentials for the oxygen evolution reaction(OER).The development of earth-abundant,highly active,and durable electrocatalysts to replace Ir is a critical step in reducing the cost of green hydrogen *** we develop a Ru5Mo4Ox binary oxide catalyst that exhibits high activity and stability in acidic *** electron-withdrawing property of Mo enriches the electrophilic surface oxygen species,which promotes acidic OER to proceed via the adsorbate evolution *** a result,we achieve a 189 mV overpotential at 10 mA·cm^(-2) and a Tafel slope of 48.8 mV·dec^(-1).Our catalyst demonstrates a substantial 18-fold increase in intrinsic activity,as evaluated by turnover frequency,compared to commercially available RuO_(2) and IrO_(2) ***,we report a stable OER operation at 10 mA·cm^(-2) for 100 h with a low degradation rate of 2.05 mV·h^(-1).

关键词： electrocatalysis oxygen evolution reaction(OER) ruthenium(Ru)-based oxide molybdenum electrophilic oxygen

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Channel-bias-controlled reconfigurable silicon nanowire transistors via an asymmetric electrode contact strategy

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Chip 2024年第3期3卷 8-14页

作者： Wentao Qian junzhuan Wang jun Xu Linwei Yu School of Electronic Science and Engineering/National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China

Reconfigurable field-effect transistors(R-FETs)that can dynamically reconfigure the transistor polarity,from n-type to p-type channel or vice versa,represent a promising new approach to reduce the logic complexity and granularity of programmable *** R-FETs have been successfully demonstrated upon silicon nanowire(SiNW)channels,a pair of extra program gates is still needed to control the source/drain(S/D)*** this work,we propose a rather simple single gate R-FET structure with an asymmetric S/D electrode contact,where the FET channel polarity can be altered by changing the sign of channel bias V_(ds).These R-FETs were fabricated upon an orderly array of planar SiNW channels,grown via in-plane solid-liquid-solid mechanism,and contacted by Ti/Al and Pt/Au at the S/D electrodes,***,this channel-bias-controlled R-FET strategy has been successfully testified and implemented upon both p-typedoped(with indium dopants)or n-type-doped(phosphorus)SiNW channels,whereas the R-FET prototypes demonstrate an impressive high I_(on/off) ratio of>10^(6) and a steep subthreshold swing of 79 mV/*** results indicate a rather simple,compact and generic enough R-FET strategy for the construction of a new generation of SiNW-based programmable and low-power electronics.

关键词： Catalytic Si nanowires Asymmetric electrodes Reconfigure transistor

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A universal strategy of multi-objective active learning to accelerate the discovery of organic electrode molecules

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第11期67卷 3681-3687页

作者： Jiayi Du jun Guo Wei Liu Ziwei Li Gang Huang Xinbo Zhang State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Changchun University of Science and Technology

Organic electrode molecules hold significant potential as the next generation of cathode materials for Li-ion batteries. In this study, we have introduced a multi-objective active learning framework that leverages Bayesian optimization and non-dominated sorting genetic algorithms-Ⅱ. This framework enables the selection of organic molecules characterized by high theoretical energy density and low gap(LUMO-HOMO)(LUMO, lowest unoccupied molecular orbital; HOMO, highest occupied molecular orbital). Remarkably, after only two cycles of active learning, the determination of coefficient can reach 0.962 for theoretical energy density and 0.920 for the gap with a modest dataset of 300 molecules, showcasing superior predictive capabilities. The 2,3,5,6-tetrafluorocyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione, selected by non-dominated sorting genetic algorithms-Ⅱ, has been successfully applied to Li-ion batteries as cathode materials, demonstrating a high capacity of 288 m Ah g-1and a long cycle life of 1,000 cycles. This outcome underscores the high reliability of our framework. Furthermore, we have also validated the universality and transferability of our framework by applying it to two additional databases, the QM9 and OMEAD. When the training dataset of the model includes at least 500 molecules, the determination of coefficient essentially reaches approximately0.900 for four targets: gap, reduction potential, LUMO, and HOMO. Therefore, the universal framework in our work provides innovative insights applicable to other domains to expedite the screening process for target materials.

关键词： organic electrode molecules Li-ion batteries active learning multi-objective Bayesian optimization

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The historical to future linkage of Arctic amplification on extreme precipitation over the Northern Hemisphere using CMIP5 and CMIP6 models

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第4期15卷 573-583页

作者： jun LIU Xiao-Fan WANG Dong-You WU Xin WANG Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education College of Atmospheric SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

Arctic warming played a dominant role in recent occurrences of extreme events over the Northern Hemisphere,but climate models cannot accurately simulate the *** a significant positive correlation(0.33-0.95)between extreme precipitation and Arctic amplification(AA)is found using observations and CMIP5/6 multi-model ***,CMIP6 models are superior to CMIP5 models in simulating the temporal evolution of extreme precipitation and *** to 14 optimal CMIP6 models,the maximum latitude of planetary waves and the strength of Northern Hemisphere annular mode(NAM)will increase with increasing AA,contributing to increased extreme precipitation over the Northern *** the Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP5-8.5,AA is expected to increase by 0.85℃ per decade while the maximum latitude of planetary waves will increase by 2.82°per ***,the amplitude of the NAM will increase by 0.21 hPa per decade,contributing to a rise in extreme precipitation of 1.17% per decade for R95pTOT and 0.86% per decade for R99pTOT by 2100.

关键词： Arctic amplification Extreme precipitation CMIP5 CMIP6 Model evaluation Planetary waves Northern hemisphere annular mode

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Shear-thinning Catechol-modified Chitosan Hydrogel Loaded with Silver Nanoparticles for Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第8期42卷 1147-1155页

作者： Wen-jun Feng Yan-He Wu Xiao-Yang Liu Zheng-Ke Wang MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Shear-thinning hydrogels have emerged for endoscopic submucosal dissection,while wound intervention after surgery has rarely been ***,a catechol-modified chitosa n hydrogel with shear-thinning property was developed for simultaneously facilitating endoscopic submucosal dissection and postoperative wound *** from the shear-thinning and self-healing characteristics,the asprepared hydrogel showed easily endoscopic *** also performed very well as submucosal cushion,which could remain above 70%after injection for 120 min in ex vivo porcine large intestine *** fact,the cushion height of normal saline dramatically decreased to 46%of the initial height at 30 *** nanoparticles encapsulated into the network endowed the hydrogel with almost reached 100%antibacterial effect against *** and *** hemolysis ratio of the hydrogel was calculated to be as low as 0.8%.Combined with good hemocompatibility and cytocompatibility,the as-prepared hydrogel displayed much higher in vivo wound closu re and healing efficacy than normal *** results demonstrated the superiority of the shear-thinning chitosan hydrogel in facilitating clinical endoscopic submucosal dissection surgery.

关键词： Shear-thinning hydrogel Endoscopic mucosal dissection Wound healing Catechol-modified chitosan Silver nanoparticles

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The Effect of Blending Ratio on the Structure and Properties of the PPR/PS In situ Fiber Reinforced System Prepared by Multi-Flow Vibration Injection Molding

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第6期42卷 851-863页

作者： Yan-Jiang Li Meng-Long Hu jun-Wen Zhang Qiang Fu Jie Zhang College of Polymer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu610065China

To enhance the mechanical properties of polypropylene random copolymer(PPR),polystyrene(PS)with four different contents were added to the PPR matrix through melt ***,using the Multi-Flow Vibration Injection Molding(MFVIM)technology,PPR/PS in situ microfiber composites(MFC)with different blending ratios were *** results indicated that blending ratio had a great impact on the phase morphology and crystal structure of MFVIM samples,which was different from those of conventional injection molding(CIM)*** ultrafine fibers could be formed under the shear field and could absorb the PPR molecular chains to form hybrid shish-kebab ***,the PPR matrix could also form shish-kebab structures under the effect of strong *** the PS content reached 20%,under the combined action of PS in situ microfibers and highly oriented crystal structure,the tensile strength and young’s modulus of the sample were obviously improved and the impact strength remained at a relatively high *** a strong and tough balanced PPR based material was *** results provide valuable insights for expanding the industrial and daily-life applications of PPR and show promising development prospects.

关键词： PPR MFVIM In situ microfibers Shearfield Hybrid shish-kebab structures

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Supermassive black holes triggered by QCD axion bubbles

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第5期76卷 134-139页

作者： Hai-jun Li Ying-Quan Peng Wei Chao Yu-Feng Zhou Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Center for Advanced Quantum Studies Department of PhysicsBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical Sciences Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUCASHangzhou 310024China International Centre for Theoretical Physics Asia-Pacific Beijing/HangzhouChina

Supermassive black holes(SMBHs)are ubiquitous in the center of galaxies,although the origin of their massive seeds is still *** this paper,we investigate the formation of SMBHs from the quantum chromodynamics(QCD)axion *** this case,primordial black holes(PBHs)are considered as the seeds of SMBHs,which are generated from the QCD axion bubbles due to an explicit Peccei–Quinn(PQ)symmetry breaking after *** QCD axion bubbles are formed when the QCD axion starts to oscillate during the QCD phase *** consider a general case in which the axion bubbles are formed with the bubble effective angle θ_(eff)∈(0,π],leading to the minimum PBH mass∼■(10^(4)−10^(7))M⊙for the axion decay constant f_(a)∼■(10^(16))*** PBHs at this mass region may account for the seeds of SMBHs.

关键词： supermassive black holes primordial black holes quantum chromodynamics axion

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Effective peroxydisulfate activation by CQDs-MnFe_(2)O_(4)@ZIF-8 catalyst for complementary degradation of bisphenol A by free radicals and non-radical pathways

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第5期35卷 371-379页

作者： Shuo Li Xinran Liu Yongjie Zheng jun Ma Shijie You Heshan Zheng College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qiqihar UniversityQiqihar 161006China State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment School of EnvironmentHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China

The present study reported fabrication of novel carbon quantum dots-MnFe_(2)O_(4)@ZIF-8(CQDs-MFO@ZIF-8)by using co-precipitation hydrothermal method for activation of peroxydisulfate(PDS)to degrade bisphenol A(BPA),one of important emerging organic pollutants in water ***-MFO@ZIF-8 served as a highly efficient thermal activated PDS catalyst with high catalytic degradation efficiency,reusability and *** catalyst achieved almost completely removal of 20.0 mg/L BPA within 5.0 min,and the degradation efficiency remained higher than 83%after 5 consecutive *** radicals(^(·)OH,SO_(4)^(·-)and^(·)O_(2)^(-))and non-free radicals((1)O_(2))were generated in the thermal PDS-activation system,in which singlet oxygen((1)O_(2))played a dominant role in the degradation of *** potential toxicity of BPA degradation intermediates was analyzed upon the culture of *** and Chlorella sorokiniana by using Ecological Structure-Activity Relationship Model(ECOSAR)*** catalytic performances of BPA degradation by CQDs-MFO@ZIF-8 were evaluated for treatment of different practical water samples to further verify the feasibility of practical *** study provides proof-in-concept demonstration of new nanomaterials for enhanced catalytic water decontamination.

关键词： Bisphenol A Degradation Peroxydisulfate ^(1)O_(2) Toxicity analysis

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Simulation of the Ecosystem Productivity Responses to Aerosol Diffuse Radiation Fertilization Effects over the Pan-Arctic during 2001–19

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第1期41卷 84-96页

作者： Zhiding ZHANG Xu YUE Hao ZHOU jun ZHU Yadong LEI Chenguang TIAN Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment TechnologySchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Information Science&Technology(NUIST)Nanjing 210044China Climate Change Research Center Institute of Atmospheric Physics(IAP)Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather&Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of CMA Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China

The pan-Arctic is confronted with air pollution transported from lower *** have shown that aerosols help increase plant photosynthesis through the diffuse radiation fertilization effects(DRFEs).While such DRFEs have been explored at low to middle latitudes,the aerosol impacts on pan-Arctic ecosystems and the contributions by anthropogenic and natural emission sources remain less ***,we perform regional simulations at 0.2o×0.2ousing a well-validated vegetation model(Yale Interactive terrestrial Biosphere,YIBs)in combination with multi-source of observations to quantify the impacts of aerosol DRFEs on the net primary productivity(NPP)in the pan-Arctic during *** show that aerosol DRFEs increase pan-Arctic NPP by 2.19 Pg C(12.8%)yr^(-1)under clear-sky conditions,in which natural and anthropogenic sources contribute to 8.9% and 3.9%,*** all-sky conditions,such DRFEs are largely dampened by cloud to only 0.26 Pg C(1.24%)yr^(-1),with contributions of 0.65% by natural and 0.59% by anthropogenic *** aerosols cause a positive NPP trend of 0.022% yr^(-1)following the increased fire activities in the *** contrast,anthropogenic aerosols induce a negative trend of-0.01% yr^(-1)due to reduced emissions from the middle *** trends in aerosol DRFEs show a turning point in the year of 2007 with more positive NPP trends by natural aerosols but negative NPP trends by anthropogenic aerosols *** affected by modeling uncertainties,this study suggests a likely increasing impact of aerosols on terrestrial ecosystems in the pan-Arctic under global warming.

关键词： diffuse radiation fertilization effects anthropogenic aerosols natural aerosols pan-Arctic net primary productivity

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Simulation study of the performance of the Very Large Area gamma-ray Space Telescope

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第9期35卷 1-17页

作者： Xu Pan Wei Jiang Chuan Yue Shi-jun Lei Yu-Xin Cui Qiang Yuan Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy Purple Mountain ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210023China School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

The Very Large Area gamma-ray Space Telescope(VLAST)is a mission concept proposed to detect gamma-ray photons through both Compton scattering and electron–positron pair production mechanisms,thus enabling the detection of photons with energies ranging from MeV to *** project aims to conduct a comprehensive survey of the gamma-ray sky from a low-Earth orbit using an anti-coincidence detector,a tracker detector that also serves as a low-energy calorimeter,and a high-energy imaging *** developed a Monte Carlo simulation application of the detector using the GEANT4 toolkit to evaluate the instrument performance,including the effective area,angular resolution,and energy resolution,and explored specific optimizations of the detector *** simulation-based analysis indicates that the current design of the VLAST is physically feasible,with an acceptance above 10 m^(2)sr which is four times larger than that of the Fermi-LAT,an energy resolution better than 2%at 10 GeV,and an angular resolution better than 0.2◦at 10 *** VLAST project promises to make significant contributions to the field of gamma-ray astronomy and enhance our understanding of the cosmos.

关键词： Space astronomy Gamma-ray telescope Calorimeter Monte Carlo simulation

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