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An Event Horizon Imager(EHI) Mission Concept Utilizing Medium Earth Orbit Sub-mm Interferometry

空间科学学报 2021年第2期41卷 211-233页

作者： KUDRIASHOV V MARTIN-NEIRA M ROELOFS F FALCKE H BRINKERINK C BARYSHEV A HOGERHEIJDE M young A POURSHAGHAGHI H KLEIN-WOLT M MOSCIBRODZKA M DAVELAAR J BARAT I DUESMANN B VALENTA V PERDIGUES ARMENGOL J M DE WILDE D MARTIN IGLESIAS P ALAGHA N VAN DER VORST M Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP Radboud University NijmegenP.O.Box 90106500 GL Nijmegenthe Netherlands ESTEC/ESA Keplerlaan 12201 A2 Noordurigkthe Netherlands Mar Planck Institute for Radio Astrorny Auf dem Higel 69D-53121 Bon(Endenich)Germany University of Groningen Landleven 129747 AD Groningenthe Netherlands Leiden Observatory Leiden UniversityPO Box 95132300 RALeidenthe Netherlands Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy University of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamthe Netherlands Center for Computational Astrophysics Flatiron Institute162 Fifth AvenueNew YorkNY 10010USA

Submillimeter interferometry has the potential to image supermassive black holes on event horizon scales,providing tests of the theory of general relativity and increasing our understanding of black hole accretion *** Event Horizon Telescope(EHT) performs these observations from the ground,and its main imaging targets are Sagittarius A~* in the Galactic Center and the black hole at the center of the M87 ***,the EHT is fundamentally limited in its performance by atmospheric effects and sparse terrestrial(u,v)-coverage(Fourier sampling of the image).The scientific interest in quantitative studies of the horizon size and shape of these black holes has motivated studies into using space interferometry which is free of these *** resolution considerations and interstellar scattering effects push the desired observing frequency to bands above 500 *** paper presents the requirements for meeting these science goals,describes the concept of interferometry from Polar or Equatorial Medium Earth Orbits(PECMEO) which we dub the Event Horizon Imager(EHI),and utilizes suitable space technology *** this concept,two or three satellites orbit at slightly different orbital radii,resulting in a dense and uniform spiral-shaped(u,v)-coverage over *** local oscillator signals are shared via an inter-satellite link,and the data streams are correlated on-board before final processing on the ***-satellite metrology and satellite positioning are extensively employed to facilitate the knowledge of the instrument position vector,and its time *** European space heritage usable for both the front ends and the antenna technology of such an instrument is *** and future sensors for the required inter-satellite metrology are *** performance estimates and simulation results are given.

关键词： Instrumentation Space VLBI Radio Telescopes

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边缘区淋巴瘤晚期患者R-CVP后利妥昔单抗维持治疗的Ⅱ期研究:一项改善淋巴瘤生存协会(CISL)的研究

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癌症 2020年第3期39卷 118-128页

作者： Sung Yong Oh Won Seog Kim Jin Seok Kim Seok Jin Kim Dok Hyun Yoon Deok‑Hwan Yang Won sik Lee Hyo Jung Kim Ho‑young Yhim Seong Hyun Jeong Jong Ho Won Suee Lee Jee Hyun Kong Sung‑Nam Lim Jun Ho Ji Kyung A.Kwon Gyeong‑Won Lee Jae Hoon Lee Ho Sup Lee Ho‑Jin Shin Cheolwon Suh Department of Internal Medicine Dong-A University HospitalBusan 49201Republic of Korea Department of Medicine Samsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoul 06351Republic of Korea Division of Hematology Department of Internal MedicineYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul 03722Republic of Korea Department of Oncology Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSongpa‑guSeoul 05505Republic of Korea Department of Hematology‑Oncology Chonnam National University Hwasun HospitalHwasun 58128Republic of Korea Department of Hematology Busan Paik HospitalInje University College of MedicineBusan 04511Republic of Korea Department of Internal Medicine Hallym University Sacred Heart HospitalHallym University College of MedicineAnyang 14068Republic of Korea Department of Internal Medicine Chonbuk National University HospitalJeonju 54907Republic of Korea Department of Hematology‑Oncology Ajou University School of MedicineSuwon 16499Republic of Korea Department of Internal Medicine Soonchunhyang University Seoul HospitalSoonchunhyang University College of MedicineSeoul 04401Republic of Korea Division of Hematology‑Oncology Department of Internal MedicineWonju Severance Christian HospitalYonsei University College of MedicineWonju 26426Republic of Korea Department of Internal Medicine Haeundae Paik HospitalInje University College of MedicineBusan 48108Republic of Korea Division of Hematology and Oncology Department of Internal MedicineSamsung Changwon HospitalSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineChangwon 51353Republic of Korea Division of Hematology‑Oncology Department of Internal MedicineDongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical SciencesBusan 46033Republic of Korea Division of Hematology‑Oncology Department of Internal MedicineGyeongsang National University HospitalGyeongsang National University College of MedicineJinju 52727Republic of Korea Department of Internal Medicine Gachon University Gil Medical CenterIncheon 21565Republic of

背景与目的利妥昔单抗是一种靶向CD20的单克隆抗体,在治疗边缘区淋巴瘤(marginal zone lymphoma,MZL)中可以单药或联合化疗使用,可提高缓解率和生存率,但治疗后仍可能会复发。因此,仍需探索如何延长MZL患者的缓解期的治疗方案。这项多... 详细信息

背景与目的利妥昔单抗是一种靶向CD20的单克隆抗体,在治疗边缘区淋巴瘤(marginal zone lymphoma,MZL)中可以单药或联合化疗使用,可提高缓解率和生存率,但治疗后仍可能会复发。因此,仍需探索如何延长MZL患者的缓解期的治疗方案。这项多中心、单臂、开放标签的Ⅱ期研究评估了对一线R-CVP(rituximab,cyclophosphamide,vincristine,and prednisolone;利妥昔单抗、环磷酰胺、长春新碱和泼尼松龙)治疗有反应的Ⅲ–Ⅳ期CD20阳性MZL患者进行利妥昔单抗维持治疗2年的生存率。本研究旨在明确R-CVP后利妥昔单抗维持治疗的策略是否有进一步研究的价值。方法在利妥昔单抗维持治疗之前,Ⅲ–Ⅳ期MZL患者应接受6–8周期的R-CVP一线治疗。每个周期为3周,第1 d静脉输注利妥昔单抗(375 mg/m^2)、环磷酰胺(750 mg/m^2)和长春新碱(1.4 mg/m^2;最大2 mg),第1–5 d口服泼尼松龙(100 mg)。对R-CVP治疗达到完全缓解(complete response,CR)、部分缓解(part response,PR)或疾病稳定(stable response,SD)的患者进行利妥昔单抗维持治疗,每8周静脉注射利妥昔单抗375mg/m^2,直到12个周期。主要终点为无进展生存期(progression-free surviva,PFS),次要终点为总生存期(overall survival,OS)和治疗安全性。结果共纳入47例患者,其中45(96%)例接受了利妥昔单抗维持治疗。15(33%)例患者有淋巴结MZL。在进行R-CVP一线治疗后,分别有20(44%)例、22(49%)例和3(7%)例的患者达到了CR、PR和SD。中位随访38.2个月后,患者的3年PFS率为81%。在利妥昔单抗维持治疗期间,R-CVP治疗后有6例PR和1例SD患者获得CR。LDH升高和B症状是PFS的重要预后因素(P=0.003),3年OS率为90%。利妥昔单抗维持治疗的耐受性良好,常见的治疗性不良事件为感觉性神经病(18%)、肌痛(13%)、疲劳(9%)和中性粒细胞减少(9%)。结论一线R-CVP治疗后利妥昔单抗维持治疗在Ⅲ–Ⅳ期MZL患者中不仅表现出较好的PFS,而且药物毒性反应评价良好。

关键词：边缘区淋巴瘤晚期利妥昔单抗环磷酰胺长春新碱维持多中心开放标签生存

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Energy-efficient power allocation for selfish cooperative communication networks using bargaining game

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2012年第4期55卷 795-804页

作者： DING EnJie 1,ZHANG GuoPeng 1,LIU Peng 1 & YANG Kun 2 1 CUMT-IoT Perception Mine Research Center,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China 2 School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering,University of Essex Wivenhoe park,Colchester Essex,CO4 3SQ,UK 1. CUMT-IoT Perception Mine Research Center China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou 221116 China2. School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering University of Essex Wivenhoe Park Colchester Essex CO4 3SQ UK

In commercial networks,user nodes operating on batteries are assumed to be selfish to consume their energy solely to maximize their own benefits,e.g.,data *** this paper,we propose a bargaining game to perform the power allocation for the selfish cooperative communication *** our system,two partner nodes can act as a source as well as a relay for each other,and each node is with an energy constraint to transmit one *** a selfish node is willing to seek cooperative transmission only if the data rate achieved through cooperation will not lower than that achieved through noncooperation by using the same amount of *** energy-efficient power allocation problem can be modeled as a cooperative *** proved that there exists a unique Nash bargaining solution (NBS) for the game by verifying that the game is indeed a bargaining ***,the two objectives,i.e.,system efficiency and user fairness specified in the selfish networks can be *** results show that the NBS scheme is efficient in that the performance loss of the NBS scheme to that of the maximal overall rate scheme is small while the maximal-rate scheme is *** simulation results also show that the NBS result is fair in that both nodes could experience better performance than they work independently and the degree of cooperation of a node only depends on how much contribution its partner can make to improve its own performance.

关键词： cooperative communication energy efficiency resource allocation cooperative game theory Nash bargaining solution

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RESTUDY OF SHANTUNGOSUCHUS BRACHYCEPHALUS young, 1982

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古脊椎动物学报(中英文） 1996年第3期 194-201页

作者： Lu Junchang Wu Xiaochun(Institute of Vertdrite Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Acadmy of Sciences Beijing 100044)(Department of Vertebrate Palaeontology, Royal Ontario Museum 100 Queen's park,Toronto, Ontario M5S 2C6, Canada)

Three species have been referred to Shantungosuchus to date. The type species S. chuhsienensis (young, 1961) is represented by an articulated skeleton preserved as an impression of its ventral surface.S. hangjinensis was recently described by Wu et al. (1994) on the basis of an incomplete skull (with the mandible) and the part of the postcranial skeleton. The third species is S. brachycephalus, which will be restudied in the present paper's brachycephalus was erected by young for a specimen, consisting of partial skull and some postcranial elements (V4020). It was published in one of young's posthumous papers in 1982. Because the specimen was not fully prepaired when it was studied, young's original description is very simple and there ekist errors in his identification of bone structures. For example, the four associated cervical vertebrae were described as osteoderms; the teeth are point rather than blunt in tip; and the left ramus of the mandible was identified as the humerus. Further repairation of the specimen shows many unknown features, especially characters from the palate, mandible and vertebrae. Those are sighflcant in our understanding of the morphology of S. brachycephalus and also important in establishing interspecific relationships within the genus.

关键词： Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous Crocodyliformes Protosuchia

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Loss of Notch signaling in skeletal stem cells enhances bone formation with aging

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Bone Research 2023年第4期11卷 737-750页

作者： Lindsey H.Remark Kevin Leclerc Malissa Ramsukh Ziyan Lin Sooyeon Lee Backialakshmi Dharmalingam Lauren Gillinov Vasudev V.Nayak Paulo El Parente Margaux Sambon Pablo J.Atria Mohamed A.E.Ali Lukasz Witek Alesha B.Castillo Christopher Y.park Ralf H.Adams Aristotelis Tsirigos Sophie M.Morgani Philipp Leucht Department of Orthopaedic Surgery NYU Robert I.Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkNYUSA Applied Bioinformatics Laboratories NYU Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkNYUSA Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology Ulm UniversityUlmGermany Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine Department of Tissue Morphogenesisand University of MünsterFaculty of MedicineD-48149 MünsterGermany Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Department of Pathology NYU Robert I.Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkNYUSA Biomaterials Division New York University College of DentistryNew YorkNYUSA Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery NYU Grossman School of MedicineNew York UniversityNew YorkNYUSA Department of Biomedical Engineering Tandon School of EngineeringNew York UniversityBrooklynNYUSA Department of Cell Biology NYU Robert I.Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkNYUSA

Skeletal stem and progenitor cells(SSPCs) perform bone maintenance and repair. With age, they produce fewer osteoblasts and more adipocytes leading to a loss of skeletal integrity. The molecular mechanisms that underlie this detrimental transformation are largely unknown. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed that Notch signaling becomes elevated in SSPCs during aging. To examine the role of increased Notch activity, we deleted Nicastrin, an essential Notch pathway component, in SSPCs in vivo. Middle-aged conditional knockout mice displayed elevated SSPC osteo-lineage gene expression, increased trabecular bone mass, reduced bone marrow adiposity, and enhanced bone repair. Thus, Notch regulates SSPC cell fate decisions, and moderating Notch signaling ameliorates the skeletal aging phenotype, increasing bone mass even beyond that of young mice. Finally, we identified the transcription factor Ebf3 as a downstream mediator of Notch signaling in SSPCs that is dysregulated with aging, highlighting it as a promising therapeutic target to rejuvenate the aged skeleton.

关键词： Notch skeletal elevated

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Risk factors for local recurrence after en bloc endoscopic submucosal dissection for early gastric cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2016年第7期8卷 330-337页

作者： Ju Yup Lee Kwang Bum Cho Eun Soo Kim Kyung sik park Yoo Jin Lee Yoon Suk Lee Byoung Kuk Jang Woo Jin Chung Jae Seok Hwang Department of Internal Medicine Keimyung University School of Medicine

AIM: To investigate factors related to recurrence following en bloc resection using endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD) in patients with early gastric cancer(EGC). METHODS: A total of 1121 patients(1215 lesions) who had undergone ESD for gastric neoplasia between April 2003 and May 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. Data from 401 patients(415 lesions) were analyzed, following the exclusion of those who underwent piecemeal resection, with deep resection margin invasion or lateral margin infiltration, and diagnosed with benign lesions. RESULTS: Local recurrence after en bloc ESD was found in 36 cases(8.7%). Unclear resection margins, long procedure times, and narrow safety margins were identified as risk factors for recurrence. Lesions located in the upper third of the stomach showed a higher rate of recurrence than those located in the lower third of the stomach(OR = 2.9, P = 0.03). The probability of no recurrence for up to 24 mo was 79.9% in those with a safety resection margin ≤ 1 mm and 89.5% in those with a margin > 1 mm(log-rank test, P = 0.03). CONCLUSION: Even in cases in which en bloc ESD is performed for EGC, local recurrence still occurs. To reduce local recurrences, more careful assessment will be needed prior to the implementation of ESD in casesin which the tumor is located in the upper third of the stomach. In addition, clear identification of tumor boundaries as well as the securing of sufficient safety resection margins will be important.

关键词： Early gastric cancer Endoscopic mucosal resection Recurrence En bloc resection Endoscopic submucosal dissection

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母鼠孕期摄入乙醇对子鼠背侧中缝核内5-羟色胺合成的影响

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延边大学医学学报 2008年第4期31卷 239-242页

作者：金福金正勇丁允英朴相奇延边大学附属医院儿科韩国朝鲜大学校医科大学解剖学教室韩国朝鲜大学校医科大学儿科学教室

[目的]探讨母鼠孕期摄入乙醇对子鼠背侧中缝核内5-羟色胺(5-HT)合成的影响.[方法]选择SD母鼠24只,于怀孕第6日随机分为乙醇组、正常对照组和代理母组.乙醇组母鼠每日摄取热量为35 cal的乙醇,正常对照组母鼠为35 cal糊精,代理母组母鼠为... 详细信息

[目的]探讨母鼠孕期摄入乙醇对子鼠背侧中缝核内5-羟色胺(5-HT)合成的影响.[方法]选择SD母鼠24只,于怀孕第6日随机分为乙醇组、正常对照组和代理母组.乙醇组母鼠每日摄取热量为35 cal的乙醇,正常对照组母鼠为35 cal糊精,代理母组母鼠为普通饲料.乙醇组、正常对照组母鼠分娩6 h后与其子鼠分开,麻醉后心脏采血,检测血液中乙醇和甲状腺素水平.乙醇组及正常对照组新生子鼠由代理母组代理母鼠养育,并分别于出生后0,7,14,21,28 d时麻醉处死子鼠,采用免疫组织化学ABC染色法观察子鼠背侧中缝核内含有5-HT的神经元的分布及形态.[结果]乙醇组母鼠血中乙醇浓度明显高于正常对照组,而乙醇组母鼠血中甲状腺素水平明显低于正常对照组.正常对照组子鼠生后7 d开始出现成熟的含有5-HT的神经元,即可观察到长而突起明显的、双极或多极的含有5-HT的神经元,出生后14 d开始出现含有5-HT神经元突起所形成的分支及其相互间的连接.乙醇组子鼠始终未出现具有上述表现的成熟的含有5-HT的神经元.在所有时间段中,乙醇组子鼠含有5-HT的神经元数均较正常对照组明显减少,并于生后第7日开始显著减少.[结论]母鼠孕期摄取乙醇不仅可引起血中甲状腺素水平降低,而且可抑制后代背侧中缝核内5-HT的合成及神经元的发育.

关键词：中缝核血清素乙醇胎儿大鼠

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Application of the Prague C and M criteria for endoscopic description of columnar-lined esophagus in South Korea

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2016年第8期8卷 357-361页

作者： Jung Wan Choe young Choon Kim Moon Kyung Joo Hyo Jung Kim Beom Jae Lee Ji Hoon Kim Jong Eun Yeon Jong-Jae park Jae Seon Kim Kwan Soo Byun young-Tae Bak Department of Gastroenterology Korea University Guro Hospital

AIM:To ascertain whether the Prague circumferential(C) length and maximal(M) length criteria for grading the extent of Barrett's esophagus can be applied prior to its widespread application in South ***:Two hundred and thirteen consecutive cases with endoscopic columnar-lined esophagus(CLE) were included and classified according to the Prague C and M ***:Of 213 cases with CLE, the distribution of maximum CLE lengths was: 0.5-0.9 cm in 99 cases(46.5%); 1.0-1.4 cm in 63 cases(29.6%); 1.5-1.9 cm in 15 cases(7.0%); 2.0-2.4 cm in 14 cases(6.6%); 2.5-2.9 cm in 1 case(0.5%); and 7.0 cm in 1 case(0.5%). Twenty cases(9.4%) had columnar islands alone. Two hundred and eight cases(97.7%) lacked the circumferential CLE component(C0Mx). Columnar islands were found in 70 cases(32.9%), of which 20 cases(9.4%) had columnar islands ***:In regions where most CLE patients display short or ultrashort tongue-like appearance, more detailed descriptions of CLE's in < 1.0 cm lengths and columnar islands, as well as avoidance of repeating the prefix "C0" need to be considered in parallel with the widespread application of the Prague system in South Korea.

关键词： Barrett’s esophagus Endoscopy Columnarlined esophagus Prague criteria

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新的心肌PET显像剂18F-FPTP的参数图形算法的比较

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中华核医学与分子影像杂志 2018年第2期38卷 151-151页

作者：唐军 Ji Who Kim Seongho Seo Hyeon sik Kim Dong-Yeon Kim Ho-young Lee Keon Wook Kang Dong Soo Lee Hee-Seung Bom Jung-Joon Min Jae Sung Lee 上海交通大学医学院附属苏州九龙医院核医学科 Department of Nuclear Medicine and Department of Biomedical Sciences Seoul National University Department of Cardiology Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital

目的 (18F-氟戊基)三苯基季磷盐(18F-FPTP)是一种新的有应用前景的心肌PET显像剂,其在心肌细胞内积聚量多且肝脏清除快。该研究小组在小鼠体内做了18F-FPTP PET显像的代谢区室分析和两项线性分析,即用于生成参数图的线性最小二乘法（LL... 详细信息

目的 (18F-氟戊基)三苯基季磷盐(18F-FPTP)是一种新的有应用前景的心肌PET显像剂,其在心肌细胞内积聚量多且肝脏清除快。该研究小组在小鼠体内做了18F-FPTP PET显像的代谢区室分析和两项线性分析,即用于生成参数图的线性最小二乘法（LLS）和基函数法（BFM）分析。此外,还研究了动态分析的最小动态显像时间,并进行了计算机模拟。方法对心肌梗死（MI）小鼠模型（n=12）进行18F-FPTP动态PET显像（18 min）和CT显像。在左心室、正常心肌和梗死区勾画感兴趣区（ROI）。比较两室模型（速率常数k1和k2;2室2参数）和不可逆摄取的三室模型（速率常数k1-k3;3室3参数）的拟合优度,并进行部分容积和溢出校正（Vα和α=1-Va）。LLS和BFM用于基于ROI和基于体素的动力学参数估算,估算结果与相应代谢区室模型标准的基于ROI的非线性最小二乘法（NLS）结果进行比较。通过计算机模拟研究估算方法的统计学特点。结果 2室2参数模型最适于描述18F-FPTP的动力学表现。正常心肌的平均k1、k2和Va值分别是6.8ml·min-1·g-1、1.1/min和0.44,而梗死组织的分别是1.4 ml·min-1·g-1、1.1/min和0.32。动态显像10 min的数据即足够用于估算各项参数。LLS和BFM的估算结果与ROI水平的NLS的结果有很好的相关性（k1:1.22x-0.30,r2=0.90;y=1.26x+0.00,r2=0.92）。动态参数图形（αk1,k1,k2,Va）的局部分布具有生理相关性。在计算机模拟中,LLS和BFM比NLS的特征性更强。结论快速的动力学特征和心肌较高的特异性摄取使18F-FPTP能在显像开始的最初10 min动态显像内,利用2室2参数模型进行定量分析。LLS和BFM能在体素水平进行参数估算,这2种方法可用于定量评价18F-FPTP在心肌中的分布,进而研究其在不同条件、不同疾病模型和病种中进行心肌显像的表现。

关键词：定量参数图模拟心肌PET

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Dietary sophorolipid accelerates growth by modulation of gut microbiota population and intestinal environments in broiler chickens

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畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版) 2022年第1期

作者： Min-Jin Kwak Min-young park Yong-Soon Choi Junghwan Cho Duleepa Pathiraja Jonggun Kim Hanbae Lee In-Geol Choi Kwang-Youn Whang

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