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Engineering 2024年第1期32卷 127-137页

作者： Jun Hwan Moon Taesoon kim youngmin Lee Seunghyun kim Yanghee kim Jae-Pyoung Ahn Jungwoo Choi Hyuck Mo Lee young keun kim Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and EngineeringDaejeon 34141Republic of Korea Advanced Analysis Center Korea Institute of Science and TechnologySeoul 02792Republic of Korea Research Resources Division Korea Institute of Science and TechnologySeoul 02792Republic of Korea

Achieving historically anticipated improvement in the performance of integrated circuits is challenging,due to the increasing cost and complexity of the required technologies with each new *** overcome this limitation,the exploration and development of novel interconnect materials and processes are highly desirable in the microelectronics ***(Mo)is attracting attention as an advanced interconnect material due to its small resistivity size effect and high cohesive energy;however,effective processing methods for such materials have not been widely ***,we investigate the electrochemical behavior of ions in the confined nanopores that affect the electrical properties and microstructures of nanoscale Mo and Mo-Co alloys prepared via template-assisted *** in an electrolyte allow the deposition of extremely pure metal materials,due to their interac-tion with metal ions and *** this study,boric acid and tetrabutylammonium bisulfate(TBA)were added to an acetate bath to inhibit the hydrogen evolution *** accelerated the reduction of Mo at the surface by inducing surface conduction on the *** Mo nanowires with a 130 nm diameter synthesized through high-aspect-ratio nanopore engineering exhibited a resistivity of(63.0±17.9)μΩ*** also evaluated the resistivities of Mo-Co alloy nanowires at various compo-sitions toward replacing irreducible conventional barrier/liner *** intermetallic compound formed at a Mo composition of 28.6 at%,the resistivity of the Mo-Co nanowire was(58.0±10.6)μΩcm,indicat-ing its superior electrical and adhesive properties in comparison with those of conventional barriers such as TaN and ***,density functional theory and non-equilibrium Green's function calcula-tions confirmed that the vertical resistance of the via structure constructed from Mo-based materials was 21%lower than that of a conventional Cu/Ta/TaN structure.

关键词： Molybdenum Molybdenum-cobalt Interconnect Microstructure Electrodeposition Density functional theory

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Apolipoprotein A-I binding protein-mediated neuroprotection in glaucomatous neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1414-1415页

作者： Sinwoo Hwang Seunghwan Choi Soo-Ho Choi keun-young kim Yury I.Miller Won-Kyu Ju Hamilton Glaucoma Center and Shiley Eye Institute The Viterbi Family Department of OphthalmologyUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA Department of Medicine University of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research Department of NeurosciencesUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA

Glaucoma is a multifactorial eye disorder that can cause vision loss and irreversible blindness,affecting individ uals aged 40 to 80 yea rs *** to the aging population,it is expected that the number of people affected by glaucoma will surpass 111 million by 2040 as the disease becomes more *** primarily contributes to optic nerve axon loss and the progressive degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs),subsequently leading to vision impairment.

关键词： irreversible pass primarily

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cAMP/PKA pathway and mitochondrial protection in oxidative stress-induced optic nerve head astrocytes

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第1期16卷 108-109页

作者： keun-young kim Won-Kyu Ju National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research and Department of Neurosciences University of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA Hamilton Glaucoma Center and Shiley Eye Institute The Viterbi Family Department of OphthalmologyUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA

Oxidative stress and cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate(cAMP)/protein kinase A(PKA)pathway in the optic nerve head astrocytes:Glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness worldwide in individuals 60 years of age and *** the widely appreciated disease relevance of structural and functional abnormalities of astrocyte in the optic nerve head(ONH)that is associated with retinal ganglion cell(RGC)axon degeneration,the molecular mechanisms underlying astrocyte dysfunction in glaucomatous ONH degeneration are poorly *** stress is strongly linked to glaucoma pathogenesis,and astrocytes are the responsible cell type that is mostly related to oxidative stress and glaucomatous ONH degeneration.

关键词： oxidative stress degeneration

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Holographic axion model: A simple gravitational tool for quantum matter

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2021年第7期64卷 1-65页

作者： Matteo Baggioli keun-young kim Li Li Wei-Jia Li Wilczek Quantum Center School of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences Shanghai201315China Instituto de Fisica Teorica UAM/CSIC Universidad Autonoma de MadridMadrid28049Spain School of Physics and Chemistry Gwangju Institute of Science and TechnologyGwangju61005Korea CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China School of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical Sciences Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou310024China Institute of Theoretical Physics School of PhysicsDalian University of TechnologyDalian116024China

This is a complete and exhaustive review on the so-called holographic axion model—a bottom-up holographic system characterized by the presence of a set of shift symmetric scalar bulk fields whose profiles are taken to be linear in the spatial *** simple model implements the breaking of translational invariance of the dual field theory by retaining the homogeneity of the background geometry and therefore allowing for controllable and fast computations. The usages of this model are very vast and they are a proof of the spectacular versatility of the framework. In this review, we touch upon all the up-to-date aspects of this model from its connection with massive gravity and effective field theories, to its role in modeling momentum dissipation and elastic properties ending with all the phenomenological features and its hydrodynamic description. In summary, this is a complete guide to one of the most used models in Applied Holography and a must-read for any researcher entering this field.

关键词： gauge/gravity duality holographic axion translational symmetry breaking effective field theory

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Electrical resistivity evolution in electrodeposited Ru and Ru-Co nanowires

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第10期105卷 17-25页

作者： Jun Hwan Moon Seunghyun kim Taesoon kim Yoo Sang Jeon Yanghee kim Jae-Pyoung Ahn young keun kim Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea Institute of Engineering Reserch Korea UniversitySeoul 02481Republic of Korea Advanced Analysis Center Korea Institute of Science and TechnologySeoul 02792Republic of Korea Research Resources Division Korea Institute of Science and TechnologySeoul 02792Republic of Korea

Nanoscale ruthenium(Ru)-based materials are promising replacements for existing multilayered Cu interconnects in integrated ***,it is not easy to apply the results of previously reported studies directly to the electrochemical damascene process because the previous studies have mainly focused on thin flms by dry ***,we report the electrical resistivity and microstructure of electrodeposited Ru *** estimate that the resistivity value of a 10 nm diameter Ru nanowire to be71.6μΩcm after analyzing the resistivity values of individual nanowires with various ***,we investigate the electrical properties of Ru_(x)Co_(1-x)nanowires where x is 0.04–0.99 at.%as possible replacements of the current Ta N barrier *** the entire composition range,the resistivity values of alloys are much lower than that of the conventional Ta ***,Ru and Ru-alloy nanowires surrounded by dielectric silica are thermally stable after 450°C heat ***,the nanoscale Ru and Ru-Co alloys possessing low resistivity values can be candidates for the interconnect and barrier materials,respectively.

关键词： Ruthenium(Ru) Ruthenium-cobalt(Ru-Co) Nanowire Electrical resistivity Microstructure Electrodeposition

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Effect of Co-Deposited Iron on Microstructures and Properties of Electroplated Nanocrystalline Nickel-Iron Alloys

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Journal of Rare Earths 2006年第z1期24卷 94-99页

作者： Myung Hwan Byun Jin Woo Cho Beom Suck Han young keun kim Yo Seung Song Department of Materials Engineering Hankuk Aviation University 200-1 Goyang Korea Nano Technology Based Information & Energy Storage Research Center Korea Electronics Technology Institute Bundang-gu Seongnam-Si 463-816 Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea University Seoul 136-713 Korea Materials and Processing Research Team Korea Automobile Technology Institute Chonan Chungnam 330-912 Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea University Seoul 136-713 Korea Department of Materials Engineering Hankuk Aviation University 200-1 Goyang Korea

Nickel-iron nanocrystalline alloys with different compositions and grain sizes were fabricated by electroplating for MEMS devices. The iron content of the deposits was changed by varying the nickel/iron ion ratio in the electrolyte. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was applied for measuring the strength of the texture and grain size of the deposits. The nickel/iron atom ratio of the deposits was analyzed by EDS. The hardness of the alloys was evaluated by Vickers hardness indenter. The internal stress of the deposits was measured by thin film stress measurement using Stoney's formula. Surface morphology and roughness were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Hardness and internal stress mechanism of the electroplated structure as a function of Fe ion content and current density were revealed. With increasing the iron content, the hardness and internal stress of the deposits increase. An excellent correlation between the increase in the internal stress and the loss of (200) texture were found.

关键词： MEMS electroplating nanocrystalline nickel-iron alloy grain size internal stress hardness roughness

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SARS-CoV-2 aberrantly elevates mitochondrial bioenergetics to induce robust virus propagation

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第6期9卷 2702-2715页

作者： Hye Jin Shin Wooseong Lee keun Bon Ku Gun young Yoon Hyun-Woo Moon Chonsaeng kim Mi-Hwa kim Yoon-Sun Yi Sangmi Jun Bum-Tae kim Jong-Won Oh Aleem Siddiqui Seong-Jun kim Department of Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection Korea Research Institute of Chemical TechnologyDaejeon 34114Republic of Korea Gyeongnam Biohealth Research Center Gyeongnam Branch InstituteKorea Institute of ToxicologyJinju 52834Republic of Korea Center for Research Equipment Korea Basic Science InstituteCheongjuChungcheongbuk-do 28119Republic of Korea Department of Biotechnology Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Republic of Korea Division of Infectious Diseases School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA Present address:Department of Microbiology Chungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeon 35015Republic of Korea

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)is a‘highly transmissible respiratory pathogen,leading to severe multiorgan ***,knowledge regarding SARS-CoV-2-induced cellular alterations is *** this study,we report that SARSCoV-2 aberrantly elevates mitochondrial bioenergetics and activates the EGFR-mediated cell survival signal cascade during the early stage of viral ***-CoV-2 causes an increase in mitochondrial transmembrane potential via the SARS-CoV-2 RNAnucleocapsid cluster,thereby abnormally promoting mitochondrial elongation and the OXPHOS process,followed by enhancing ATP ***,SARS-CoV-2 activates the EGFR signal cascade and subsequently induces mitochondrial EGFR trafficking,contributing to abnormal OXPHOS process and viral *** EGFR inhibitors remarkably reduce SARS-CoV-2 propagation,among which vandetanib exhibits the highest antiviral *** of SARS-CoV-2-infected cells with vandetanib decreases SARS-CoV-2-induced EGFR trafficking to the mitochondria and restores SARS-CoV-2-induced aberrant elevation in OXPHOS process and ATP generation,thereby resulting in the reduction of SARS-CoV-2 ***,oral administration of vandetanib to SARS-CoV-2-infected hACE2 transgenic mice reduces SARS-CoV-2 propagation in lung tissue and mitigates SARS-CoV-2-induced lung *** also exhibits potent antiviral activity against various SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern,including alpha,beta,delta and omicron,in in vitro cell culture *** together,our findings provide novel insight into SARS-CoV-2-induced alterations in mitochondrial dynamics and EGFR trafficking during the early stage of viral infection and their roles in robust SARS-CoV-2 propagation,suggesting that EGFR is an attractive host target for combating COVID-19.

关键词： alterations aberrant thereby

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Predicting moisture condensation risk on the radiant cooling floor of an office using integration of a genetic algorithm-back-propagation neural network with sensitivity analysis

Energy and Built Environment

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Energy and Built Environment 2024年第1期5卷 110-129页

作者： Meng Su Jiying Liu Moon keun kim Xiaozhou Wu School of Thermal Engineering Shandong Jianzhu UniversityJinan 250101China Department of Civil Engineering and Energy Technology Oslo Metropolitan UniversityOslo N-0130Norway School of Civil Engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalianChina

Pre-dehumidification time(τ_(pre))and pre-dehumidification energy consumption(E_(pre))play important roles in preventing the condensation of moisture on the floors of rooms that use a radiant floor cooling(RFC)***,there are few theoretical or experimental studies that focus on these two important *** this study,an artificial neural network(ANN)was used to predict condensation risk for the integration of RFC systems with mixed ventilation(MV),stratum ventilation(SV),and displacement ventilation(DV)systems.A genetic algorithm-back-propagation(GA-BP)neural network model was established to predict τ_(pre) and E_(pre).Both training data and validation data were obtained from tests in a computational fluid dynamics(CFD)*** results show that the established GA-BP model can predict τ_(pre) and E_(pre) *** coefficient of determination(R^(2))of τ_(pre) and of E_(pre) were,respectively,0.973 and *** an RFC system integrated with an MV,SV,or DV system,the lowest values of τ_(pre) and E_(pre) were with the DV system,23.1 s and 0.237 kWh,respectively,for a 67.5 m^(3) ***,the best pre-dehumidification effect was with integration of the DV and RFC *** study showed that an ANN-based method can be used for predictive control for condensation prevention in RFC *** also provides a novel and effective method by which to assess the pre-dehumidification control of radiant floor surfaces.

关键词： Condensation prevention Radiant floor cooling Ventilation system genetic algorithm BP neural network

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Integration of earth-abundant cocatalysts for high-performance photoelectrochemical energy conversion

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 336-355,I0008页

作者： Joonhee Ma Sang Hyun Ahn Soo young kim Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Chung-Ang University84 Heukseok-roDongjak-guSeoul 06974Republic of Korea

Photoelectrochemical(PEC)energy conversion has emerged as a promising and efficient approach to sustainable energy harvesting and *** utilizing semiconductor photoelectrodes,PEC devices can harness solar energy and drive electrochemical reactions such as water splitting or carbon dioxide(CO_(2))reduction to generate clean fuels and value-added ***,PEC energy conversion faces several challenges such as high overpotential,sluggish reaction kinetics,charge carrier recombination,and stability issues,which limit its practical ***,significant research has been conducted to improve the overall conversion efficiency of PEC *** particularly promising approach is the use of cocatalysts,which involves introducing specific cocatalysts onto the photoelectrode surface to promote charge separation,improve reaction kinetics,and reduce the overpotential,thereby enhancing the overall performance of PEC energy *** review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent developments in the earth-abundant cocatalysts for PEC water splitting and CO_(2) *** main earth-abundant catalysts for the PEC water splitting include transition-metal dichalcogenide(TMD)-based materials,metal phosphides/carbides,and metal oxides/***,PEC-CO_(2)RR was divided into C_(1) and C_(2+)based on the final product since various products could be produced,focusing on diverse earth-abundant materials-based *** addition,we provide and highlight key advancements achieved in the very recent reports on novel PEC system design engineering with ***,the current problems associated with PEC systems are discussed along with a suggested direction to overcome these obstacles.

关键词： Solar energy Photo-electrochemical Water splitting CO_(2)reduction Cocatalysts

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Tailoring Classical Conditioning Behavior in TiO_(2) Nanowires:ZnO QDs-Based Optoelectronic Memristors for Neuromorphic Hardware

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第7期16卷 265-280页

作者： Wenxiao Wang Yaqi Wang Feifei Yin Hongsen Niu young-Kee Shin Yang Li Eun-Seong kim Nam-young kim School of Information Science and Engineering University of JinanJinan 250022People’s Republic of China RFIC Centre NDAC CentreKwangwoon UniversityNowon-guSeoul 139-701South Korea Department of Electronics Engineering Kwangwoon UniversityNowon-GuSeoul 139-701South Korea School of Microelectronics Shandong UniversityJinan 250101People’s Republic of China Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826South Korea

Neuromorphic hardware equipped with associative learn-ing capabilities presents fascinating applications in the next generation of artificial ***,research into synaptic devices exhibiting complex associative learning behaviors is still ***,an optoelec-tronic memristor based on Ag/TiO_(2) Nanowires:ZnO Quantum dots/FTO was proposed and constructed to emulate the biological associative learning *** implementation of synaptic behaviors,including long and short-term plasticity,and learning-forgetting-relearning behaviors,were achieved in the device through the application of light and electrical *** the optoelectronic co-modulated characteristics,a simulation of neuromorphic computing was conducted,resulting in a handwriting digit recognition accuracy of 88.9%.Furthermore,a 3×7 memristor array was constructed,confirming its application in artificial visual *** importantly,complex biological associative learning behaviors were emulated by mapping the light and electrical stimuli into conditioned and unconditioned stimuli,*** training through associative pairs,reflexes could be triggered solely using light ***-sively,under specific optoelectronic signal applications,the four features of classical conditioning,namely acquisition,extinction,recovery,and generalization,were elegantly *** work provides an optoelectronic memristor with associative behavior capabilities,offering a pathway for advancing brain-machine interfaces,autonomous robots,and machine self-learning in the future.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Classical conditioning Neuromorphic computing Artificial visual memory Optoelectronic memristors ZnO Quantum dots

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