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High mobility group box 1 in the central nervous system:regeneration hidden beneath inflammation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 107-115页

作者： Hanki Kim Bum jun Kim Seungyon Koh Hyo Jin Cho Xuelian Jin Byung Gon Kim jun young Choi Department of Brain Science Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea Department of Biomedical Sciences Ajou University Graduate School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea Department of Neurology Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea Department of Geriatrics The Affiliated Suqian First People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversitySuqianJiangsu ProvinceChina

High-mobility group box 1 was first discovered in the calf thymus as a DNA-binding nuclear protein and has been widely studied in diverse fields,including neurology and ***-mobility group box 1 in the extracellular space functions as a pro-inflammatory damage-associated molecular pattern,which has been proven to play an important role in a wide variety of central nervous system disorders such as ischemic stroke,Alzheimer’s disease,frontotemporal dementia,Parkinson’s disease,multiple sclerosis,epilepsy,and traumatic brain *** drugs that inhibit high-mobility group box 1 as a damage-associated molecular pattern,such as glycyrrhizin,ethyl pyruvate,and neutralizing anti-high-mobility group box 1 antibodies,are commonly used to target high-mobility group box 1 activity in central nervous system *** it is commonly known for its detrimental inflammatory effect,high-mobility group box 1 has also been shown to have beneficial pro-regenerative roles in central nervous system *** this narrative review,we provide a brief summary of the history of high-mobility group box 1 research and its characterization as a damage-associated molecular pattern,its downstream receptors,and intracellular signaling pathways,how high-mobility group box 1 exerts the repair-favoring roles in general and in the central nervous system,and clues on how to differentiate the pro-regenerative from the pro-inflammatory *** targeting high-mobility group box 1 in the central nervous system may benefit from differentiating between the two functions rather than overall suppression of high-mobility group box 1.

关键词： central nervous system damage-associated molecular pattern ethyl pyruvate glycyrhizzin high mobility group box 1 inflammation neural stem cells neurodevelopment oligodendrocyte progenitor cells redox status regeneration

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Emerging progress: photochemical transformation of nitroso compounds

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 118-133页

作者： Ze-Le Chen Qiang-Qiang Li Armido Studer jun Xuan Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Anhui University Organisch-Chemisches Institut Universitat Münster

Nitroso compounds have emerged as highly valuable reaction partners or reagents in organic synthesis due to their rich *** versatile profile of these compounds allows them to function as electrophiles, nucleophiles, diradicals, and radical acceptors in diverse transformations. In recent years, notable progress has been made in harnessing photochemical reactions with nitroso compounds to prepare N,O-containing structures using mild and eco-friendly conditions. Various nitroso compounds like nitrosoarenes, acyloxy nitroso compounds, N-nitrosoamines and nitrites have received significant attention for their ability to introduce NO moieties into complex molecules that are otherwise difficult to access. In this review, we provide an overview of the recent advancements in the visible light-induced conversion of nitroso compounds, with particular emphasis on their role as bifunctional reagents and acceptors of radicals, carbenes and nitrenes.

关键词： nitroso compounds photochemistry radical reaction carbene transformation nitrosoarenes

Personalized federated few-shot node classification

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 204-218页

作者： Yunfeng ZHAO Xintong HE Guoxian YU jun WANG Yongqing ZHENG Carlotta DOMENICONI School of Software Shandong University Joint SDU-NTU Centre for Artificial Intelligence Research Shandong University Department of Mathematics National University of Singapore Department of Computer Science George Mason University

Personalized federated learning(PFL) aims to train customized models for individual clients in a decentralized setting, with the account of non-independent and identically distributed data across clients. However, most PFL methods adopt uniform classification layers for diverse clients and give rise to error-prone predictions, due to the task heterogeneity notably prominent in decentralized graph data scenarios. Although some PFL solutions setup client-specific classification layers for each client and optimize them only locally, they are corrupted with limited local training data. We propose an innovative solution called federated parameter decoupling and node augmentation(Fed PANo) to address these problems and to achieve personalized federated few-shot node classification, which is a prevalent and challenging but unexplored topic. Specifically, Fed PANo first separates the local model into the GNN and classifier to handle unique client-specific task variations. The GNN is trained through federated learning to capture shared knowledge of graph nodes across clients, while the classifier is custom-designed and trained individually for each client. Additionally, a generic classifier shared among clients is adopted to encourage the GNN's grasp of shared information. Then Fed PANo further proposes the node generator along with its local and collaborative training strategies to deal with the node scarcity of clients. Extensive experimental results on benchmark datasets confirm that Fed PANo outperforms eight competitive baselines across different settings.

关键词： personalized federated learning few-shot learning node classification task heterogeneity parameter decoupling node augmentation

Code generation and recognition using a modified ejection system in die-casting process

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China Foundry 2020年第5期17卷 364-371页

作者： Jaekyung Song Jeongsu Lee young Chul Lee Byoung jun Lee Chaeho lim Industrial Materials and Smart Manufacturing Engineering Korea University of Science and TechnologyDaejeon CityRepublic of Korea Digital Manufacturing Process Group Korea Institute of Industrial TechnologyGyeonggi-doRepublic of Korea

A code-generation and recognition technology that uses a modified ejection system in the diecasting process is *** achieve the highest level of quality management,the first requirement in the manufacturing process is to establish a product management system according to the specific product ***,a method to individually identify each product,such as a barcode or QR code,is required during the production *** manufactured in the die-casting process always have ejector pin(EP)***,an ejection system was modified to generate a unique code using EP *** ejection system has two features:an EP with a modified head to show the direction of rotation,and a function to dependently rotate EPs(five or six EPs)with a constant *** EPs are numbered according to the rotation ***,the EP marks can be viewed as a five-or six-digit code.A program was also developed to individually identify the products by automatically detecting and reading the EPs using deep learning-based object detection and classification technology.

关键词： code recognition die-casting ejection system object detection product management smart manufacturing

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Effect of parallel resonance on the electron energy distribution function in a 60 MHz capacitively coupled plasma

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Plasma Science and Technology 2023年第4期25卷 69-78页

作者： You HE Yeong-Min lim jun-Ho LEE Ju-Ho KIM Moo-young LEE Chin-Wook CHUNG Department of Electrical Engineering Hanyang University17 Haengdang-dongSeongdong-guSeoul 133-791Republic of Korea Department of Nanoscale Semiconductor Engineering Hanyang University17 Haengdang-dongSeongdong-guSeoul 133-791Republic of Korea

In general,as the radio frequency(RF)power increases in a capacitively coupled plasma(CCP),the power transfer efficiency decreases because the resistance of the CCP *** this work,a parallel resonance circuit is applied to improve the power transfer efficiency at high RF power,and the effect of the parallel resonance on the electron energy distribution function(EEDF)is investigated in a 60 MHz *** CCP consists of a power feed line,the electrodes,and *** reactance of the CCP is positive at 60 MHz and acts like an inductive load.A vacuum variable capacitor(VVC)is connected in parallel with the inductive load,and then the parallel resonance between the VVC and the inductive load can be *** the capacitance of the VVC approaches the parallel resonance condition,the equivalent resistance of the parallel circuit is considerably larger than that without the VVC,and the current flowing through the matching network is greatly ***,the power transfer efficiency of the discharge is improved from 76%,70%,and 68%to 81%,77%,and 76%at RF powers of 100 W,150 W,and 200 W,*** parallel resonance conditions,the electron heating in bulk plasma is enhanced,which cannot be achieved without the VVC even at the higher RF *** enhancement of electron heating results in the evolution of the shape of the EEDF from a biMaxwellian distribution to a distribution with the smaller temperature difference between high-energy electrons and low-energy *** to the parallel resonance effect,the electron density increases by approximately 4%,18%,and 21%at RF powers of 100 W,150 W,and 200 W,respectively.

关键词： capacitively coupled plasma parallel resonance electron energy distribution function

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Self-Assembled Wire Arrays and ITO Contacts for Silicon Nanowire Solar Cell Applications

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Chinese Physics Letters 2011年第3期28卷 132-135页

作者： YANG Cheng ZHANG Gang LEE Dae-young LI Hua-Min lim young-Dae YOO Won Jong PARK young-jun KIM Jong-Min Sungkyunkwan University SKKU Advanced Institute of Nano Technology300 Cheoncheon-dongJangan-guSuwon 440-746Korea Samsung Electronics Co.Ltd. San 14-1 Nongseo-dongGiheung-guYongin 446-712Korea

Self-assembly of silicon nanowire(SiNW)arrays is studied using SF_(6)/0_(2)plasma *** self-assembly method can be applied to single-and poly-crystalline Si *** conditions can control the length and diameter of the SiNW *** reflectance of the wire arrays over the wavelength range 200-1100nm is *** conducting transparent indium-tin-oxide(ITO)electrode can be fully coated on the self-assembled SiNW arrays by *** ITO-coated SiNW solar cells show the same low surface light reflectance and a higher carrier collection efficiency than SiNW solar cells without ITO *** efficiency enhancement of around 3 times for ITO coated SiNW solar cells is demonstrated via experiments.

关键词： reflectance Solar transparent

Exit options sustain altruistic punishment and decrease the second-order free-riders, but it is not a panacea

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 278-291页

作者： Chen SHEN Zhao SONG Lei SHI jun TANIMOTO Zhen WANG Faculty of Engineering Sciences Kyushu University School of Statistics and Mathematics Yunnan University of Finance and Economics School of Computing Engineering and Digital Technologies Teesside University School of Artificial Intelligence OPtics and Electro Nics (iOPEN) Northwestern Polytechnical University

Why do humans punish free riders at their own expense? This behavior represents an evolutionary puzzle in human societies. This study explores the role of exit strategies in fostering altruistic punishment within evolutionary game theory. We extend the traditional prisoner's dilemma model by incorporating exiters, players who opt out for a small payoff while nullifying their opponent's payoff, and altruistic punishers who cooperate and punish non-cooperators. Our findings indicate that in well-mixed populations, exiters destabilize defection but do not promote altruistic punishment. In social networks, however,exiters enable altruistic punishment via cyclic dominance among altruistic punishers, defectors, and exiters. Notably, this cyclic dominance is sensitive to exit payoffs; adjustments can lead to cyclic dominance of non-punishing cooperators, defectors, and exiters, or to a bi-stable state between these two types of cyclic dominance. These results highlight the nuanced impact of exiters on altruistic punishment, emphasizing the need for careful incentivization of exit behavior. While exiters can support altruistic punishment in networked populations, their effectiveness is not a panacea and is highly sensitive to exit payoffs, indicating limits to the voluntary participation mechanism.

关键词： evolutionary game theory altruistic punishment coexistence cyclic dominance bi-stable

Transparent neural implantable devices:a comprehensive review of challenges and progress

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npj Flexible Electronics 2022年第1期6卷 439-456页

作者： young Uk Cho Se Lin lim jung-Hoon Hong Ki jun Yu Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Yonsei UniversitySeoulKorea Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering YU-Korea Institute of Science and Technology InstituteYonsei UniversitySeoulKorea

The key to designing an implantable device lies in condensing the synergistic effects of diagnostic and therapeutic methods in a single *** conjunction with the integration of electrophysiology and optical modalities,a transparent neural interface alleviates challenges of conventional metal-based *** this review,the multimodal sensing and stimulation functionalities of recent research are ***,issues that arise when combining functionalities of conventional metal-based,opaque electrode arrays together with optical modalities—(1)photoelectric artifacts,(2)optical image blocking,and(3)light transmission efficiency—are ***,an introduction of advancing material candidates for transparent neural interfaces follows with the latest research.

关键词： neural transparent modal

Reinforced CNN Forensic Discriminator to Detect Document Forgery by DCGAN

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第6期71卷 6039-6051页

作者： Seo-young lim Jeongho Cho Department of Electrical Engineering Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan31538Korea

Recently,the technology of digital image forgery based on a generative adversarial network(GAN)has considerably improved to the extent that it is difficult to distinguish it from the original image with the naked eye by compositing and editing a person’s face or a specific part with the original ***,much attention has been paid to digital image forgery as a social ***,document forgery through GANs can completely change the meaning and context in a document,and it is difficult to identify whether the document is forged or not,which is ***,few studies have been conducted on document forgery and new forgery-related attacks have emerged ***,in this study,we propose a novel convolutional neural network(CNN)forensic discriminator that can detect forged text or numeric images by GANs using CNNs,which have been widely used in image classification for many *** strengthen the detection performance of the proposed CNN forensic discriminator,CNN was trained after image preprocessing,including salt and pepper as well asGaussian ***,we performed CNN optimization to make existing CNN more suitable for forged text or numeric image detection,which have mainly focused on the discrimination of forged faces to *** test evaluation results using Hangul texts and numbers showed that the accuracy of forgery discrimination of the proposed method was significantly improved by 20%in Hangul texts and 5%in numbers compared with that of existing state-of-the-art methods,which proved the proposed model performance superiority and verified that it could be a useful tool in reducing crime potential.

关键词： Digital forensics CNN GAN discriminator image processing