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Electrochemical partial reduction of Ni(OH)_(2) to Ni(OH)_(2)/Ni via coupled oxidation of an interfacing NiAl intermetallic compound for robust hydrogen evolution

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第7期82卷 560-571,I0012页

作者： young hwa yun Kwangsoo Kim Changsoo Lee Byeong-Seon An Ji Hee Kwon Sechan Lee MinJoong Kim Jongsu Seo Jong Hyeok Park Byung-Hyun Kim Hyun-Seok Cho Hydrogen Research Department Korea Institute of Energy Research152 Gajeong-roYuseong-guDaejeon 34129Republic of Korea Computational Science&Engineering Laboratory Korea Institute of Energy Research152 Gajeong-roYuseong-guDaejeon 34129Republic of Korea Analysis Center for Energy Research Korea Institute of Energy Research152 Gajeong-roYuseong-guDaejeon 34129Republic of Korea Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Yonsei University50 Yonsei-roSeodaemun-guSeoul 03722Republic of Korea

Ni-based porous electrocatalysts have been widely used in the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)in alkaline water electrolysis,and the catalysts are produced by selective leaching of Al from Ni-Al *** is well known that chemical leaching of Ni-Al intermetallic compound(IMC)generates a high surface area in Ni(OH)_(2).However,the Ni(OH)_(2) produced by leaching the Ni-Al intermetallic compound retards the hydrogen evolution reaction,which is attributed to its weak hydrogen adsorption *** this study,we controlled the chemical state of Ni using plasma vapor deposition(PVD)followed by heat treatment,selective Al leaching,and electrochemical reduction.X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS)were used to confirm the phase evolution of the electrocatalysts during *** reveal that the heat-treated Ni-Al alloy with a thick Ni2Al3surface layer underwent selective Al leaching and produced biphasic interfaces comprising Ni(OH)_(2) and NiAl IMCs at the edges of the grains in the outermost surface *** oxidation of the interfacing NiAl IMCs facilitated the partial reduction of Ni(OH)_(2) to Ni(OH)_(2)/Ni in the grains during electrochemical reduction,as confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).An electrocatalyst containing partially reduced Ni(OH)_(2)/Ni exhibited an overpotential of 54 mV at 10 mA/cm^(2) in a half-cell measurement,and a cell voltage of 1.675 V at 0.4 A/cm2for single-cell operation.A combined experimental and theoretical study(density functional theory calculations)revealed that the superior HER activity was attributed to the presence of partially reduced metallic Ni with various defects and residual Al,which facilitated water adsorption,dissociation,and finally hydrogen evolution.

关键词： Raney nickel HERChemical leaching Intrinsic activity Partial reduction

Organic solar cells for indoor power generation

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Science China Chemistry 2020年第1期63卷 1-2页

作者： hwa Sook Ryu Han young Woo Department of Chemistry College of Science Korea University

During last decades,organic solar cells(OSCs)have achieved remarkable advancements via extensive studies on the optimization of photovoltaic donor/acceptor(D/A)materials,device fabrication,and the D/A bulk heterojunction *** conversion efficiencies(PCEs)up to〜16%for single junction cells and over 17%PCEs were successfully demonstrated for tandem OSC devices[1,2].OSCs may find real industrial applications soon,including building integrated photovoltaics,portable power sources and indoor power generation for low power consumption electronic devices(i.e.,internet of things(IOT)sensors).Among them,indoor applications have great potentials because OSCs can convert indoor lights into electricity more efficiently compared to inorganic counterparts[3].

关键词： D/A power portable

Optimal Center-of-Mass Pivot Effect of Spinal Motion in Feline Galloping

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2020年第5期17卷 970-977页

作者： young Kook Kim Dongwon yun LV R&D team Electro-technology R&D CenterLS ELECTRIC Co.LtdCheongju 28437South Korea Department of Robotics Engineering Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology(DGIST)Daegu 42988South Korea

In this paper,we studied the acceleration behavior of a quadruped animal during a galloping *** the development of many quadruped robotic systems has been focused on dynamic movements,it is obvious that guidance from the dynamic behavior of quadruped animals is needed for robotics *** fulfill this demand,this paper deals with analysis of the galloping motions of a domestic cat,which is well known for its excellent acceleration performance among four-legged *** on the planar motion capture environment,the movement data of a galloping feline was acquired and the dynamic motions were estimated using a spring-mass *** particular,the effects of the position and angle of the center-of-mass of the cat,angular displacement of the spine,and angular velocity of the spine were analyzed and are discussed *** this process,it was possible to understand the dynamic movement characteristics of the cat,and to understand the relationships between,and the influences of,these *** this analysis,we provide significant data applicable to the design of joint movements in quadruped robot systems.

关键词： quadrupedalism feline galloping domestic cat center-of-mass

Molecular targeted therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma:Current and future

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第37期19卷 6144-6155页

作者： Jung Woo Shin young-hwa Chung Department of Internal Medicine University of Ulsan College of Medicine Ulsan University Hospital Department of Internal Medicine University of Ulsan College of MedicineAsan Medical Center

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is one of the most frequent tumors *** majority of HCC cases occur in patients with chronic liver *** regular surveillance to detect small HCC in these patients,HCC is often diagnosed at an advanced *** HCC is highly resistant to conventional systemic therapies,the prognosis for advanced HCC patients remains *** introduction of sorafenib as the standard systemic therapy has unveiled a new direction for future research regarding HCC ***,given the limited efficacy of the drug,a need exists to look beyond *** molecular targeted agents that inhibit different pathways involved in hepatocarcinogenesis are under various phases of clinical development,and novel targets are being assessed in *** review aims to summarize the efforts to target molecular components of the signaling pathways that are responsible for the development and progression of HCC and to discuss perspectives on the future direction of research.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Targeted therapy Molecular agents Sorafenib

Comprehensive Analysis of Caching Performance under Probabilistic Traffic Patterns for Content Centric Networking

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China Communications 2016年第3期13卷 127-136页

作者： Dabin Kim young-Bae Ko Sung-hwa Lim Department of Computer Engineering Graduate School of Ajou University Department of Multimedia Namseoul University

The phenomenon of data explosion represents a severe challenge for the upcoming big data ***,the current Internet architecture is insufficient for dealing with a huge amount of traffic owing to an increase in redundant content transmission and the end-point-based communication ***-centric networking(ICN)is a paradigm for the future Internet that can be utilized to resolve the data explosion *** this paper,we focus on content-centric networking(CCN),one of the key candidate ICN *** has been studied in various network environments with the aim of relieving network and server burden,especially in name-based forwarding and in-network caching *** paper studies the effect of several caching strategies in the CCN domain from the perspective of network and server ***,we comprehensively analyze the in-network caching performance of CCN under several popular cache replication methods(i.e.,cache placement).We evaluate the performance with respect to wellknown Internet traffic patterns that follow certain probabilistic distributions,such as the Zipf/Mandelbrot–Zipf distributions,and *** the experiments,we developed an OPNET-based CCN simulator with a realistic Internet-like topology.

关键词： content-centric networking probabilistic Internet traffic patterns caching performance analysis OPNET

Evidence of Specific MJO Phase Occurrence with Summertime California Central Valley Extreme Hot Weather

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2019年第6期36卷 589-602页

作者： yun-young LEE Richard GROTJAHN Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Climate Center Department of Land Air and Water Resources University of California

This study examines associations between California Central Valley(CCV) heat waves and the Madden Julian Oscillation(MJO). These heat waves have major economic impact. Our prior work showed that CCV heat waves are frequently preceded by convection over the tropical Indian and eastern Pacific oceans, in patterns identifiable with MJO phases. The main analysis method is lagged composites(formed after each MJO phase pair) of CCV synoptic station temperature, outgoing longwave radiation(OLR), and velocity potential(VP). Over the CCV, positive temperature anomalies occur only after the Indian Ocean(phases 2-3) or eastern Pacific Ocean(phases 8-1) convection(implied by OLR and VP fields). The largest fractions of CCV hot days occur in the two weeks after onset of those two phase pairs. OLR and VP composites have significant subsidence and convergence above divergence over the CCV during heat waves, and these structures are each part of larger patterns having significant areas over the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Prior studies showed that CCV heat waves can be roughly grouped into two clusters: Cluster 2 is preceded by a heat wave over northwestern North America, while Cluster 1 is not. OLR and VP composite analyses are applied separately to these two clusters. However, for Cluster 2, the subsidence and VP over the CCV are not significant, and the large-scale VP pattern has low correlation with the MJO lagged composite field. Therefore, the association between the MJO convection and subsequent CCV heat wave is more evident in Cluster 1 than Cluster 2.

关键词： MJO heat wave large-scale meteorological pattern extratropical response tropical convection

Multiple actions of lysophosphatidylcholine in human Jurkat T cells

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2006年第6期27卷 700-707页

作者： young-jinIM yun-kyungLEE Hae-young CHUNG Dong-soon IM Laboratories of Pharmacology Busan 609-735 Korea Aging Biochemistry College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug DevelopmentPusan National UniversityBusan 609-735Korea

Aim:To obtain pathophysiological meanings of lysophosphatidylcholine（LPC）through the investigation of the effects of LPC in Jurkat T ***:Wemeasured ROS generation,[Ca2+]i,and mitochondrial membrane potential（MMP）by fluorescent spectrometry in Jurkat,T ***:We observed that LPCsignificantly increased the reactive oxygen species（ROS）level in human Jurkat *** structurally-related lysolipids and eleven synthetic LPCs with dif-ferent acyl chain lengths,palmitoyl LPC increased ROS to the highest level,α-Tocopherol,an antioxidant,and rottlerin PKCδ inhibitor were inhibitory effects onLPC-induced ROS *** rapidly depolarized MMP and markedly el-evated [Ca2+]iby Ca2+influx across the plasma ***,LPC-inducedROS increase seemed to not be related with LPC-induced depolarization of MMPor [Ca2+]iincrease.G2A family G protein-coupled receptors（GPCR）for lysolipidswere expressed in Jurkat T cells,however,evidence indicated that GPCR was notinvolved in LPC ***:LPC induced several cellular changes inJurkat T cells,including an increase of ROS generation in a PKCδ-dependent andGPCR-independent manner,increase of [Ca2+]ithrough Ca2+influx,and decreaseof ***-induced actions in Jurkat T cells represent novel action modes ofLPC that do not involve GPCR and multiple independent changes of intracellularsignaling molecules.

关键词： lysophosphatidylcholine reactive oxygen species calcium protein kinase C mitochondrial membrane potential

Amelioration effects of traditional Chinese medicine on alcohol-induced fatty liver

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第35期11卷 5512-5516页

作者： Hyun-Jeong Kwon yun-young Kim Se-young Choung Department of Hygienic Chemistry College of Pharmacy Kyung Hee University Seoul 130-701 South Korea

AIM： To examine the effects of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） on alcohol-induced fatty liver in rats. TCM consists of Astragalus membranaceus, Morus alba, Crataegus pinnatifida, Alisma orientale, Salvia miltiorrhiza, and Pueraria lobata. METHODS： The rats were separated randomly into five groups. One （the CD group） was fed a control diet for 10 wk, another （the ED group） fed an ethanol-containing isocaloric liquid diet for 10 wk, and the last three （the TCM group） were fed an ethanol-containing isocaloric liquid diet for 10 wk and dosed orally with TCM （222 mg/kg.d, TCM222; 667 mg/kg·d, TCM667; and 2 000 mg/kg.d, TCM2000, respectively） weekly during the last 4 wk. RESULTS： ED group developed fatty liver according to lipid profile and liver histological findings. Compared with the control group, liver/body weight, serum triglyceride （TG） and total cholesterol （TC）, liver TG and TC, serum alanine aminotransferase （ALT） and aspartic aminotransferase （AST） significantly increased in the ED group. Whereas, in the rats administered with TCM, liver/body weight, serum TG and TC, liver TG and TC, serum ALT and AST were significantly decreased, and the degree of hepatic lipid droplets was markedly improved compared with those in the ED group. CONCLUSION： TCM treatment causes significant reduction in alcohol-induced lipid hepatic accumulation, reversing fatty liver and liver damage, and can be used as a remedy for alcoholic fatty liver.

关键词： Fatty liver Alcohol Astragalus membranaceus,Horus alba Crataegus pinnatifida Alisma orientale Salvia miltiorrhiza Pueraria Iobata

Emerging nanoformulation strategies for phytocompounds and applications from drug delivery to phototherapy to imaging

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Bioactive Materials 2022年第8期7卷 182-205页

作者： hwa Seung Han Song Yi Koo Ki young Choi Natural Product Informatics Research Center Korea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)Gangneung25451Republic of Korea Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology KIST SchoolUniversity of Science and Technology(UST)Seoul02792Republic of Korea

Over thousands of years,natural bioactive compounds derived from plants(bioactive phytocompounds,BPCs)have been used worldwide to address human health ***,they are a significant resource for drug discovery in the development of modern *** many BPCs have promising biological activities,most of them cannot be effectively utilized in drugs for therapeutic applications because of their inherent limitations of low solubility,structural instability,short half-life,poor bioavailability,and non-specific distribution to *** have utilized emerging nanoformulation(NF)technologies to overcome these limitations as they have demonstrated great potential to improve the solubility,stability,and pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of *** review exemplifies NF strategies for resolving the issues associated with BPCs and summarizes recent advances in their preclinical and clinical applications for imaging and *** review also highlights how innovative NF technologies play a leading role in next-generation BPC-based drug development for extended therapeutic ***,this review discusses the opportunities to take BPCs with meaningful clinical impact from bench to bedside and extend the patent life of BPC-based medicines with new formulations or application to new adjacent diseases beyond the primary drug indications.

关键词： Natural products Phytocompound Nanoformulation Drug delivery Phototherapy