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Simulation of wind-induced near-inertial oscillations in a mixed layer near the east coast of Korea in the East/Japan Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2013年第9期32卷 11-20页

作者： NAM SungHyun park young-Gyu Naval Systems Development Center Agency for Defense Development Ocean Circulation and Climate Research Division Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology

Using a simple damped slab model, it was possible to show that a local wind induced 88% （15 of 17） of the near-inertial oscillations （NIO） observed in the mixed layer near the east coast of Korea from 1999 to 2004. The model, however, overestimated the energy level in about two-thirds of the simulated cases, because the slab model was forced with winds whose characteristic period was shorter than the damping time scale of the model at 1.5 d. At the observation site, due to typhoons and orographic effects, high-frequency wind forcing is quite common, as is the overestimation of the energy level in the slab model results. In short, a simple slab model with a damping time-scale of about 1.5 d would be enough to show that the local wind was the main energy source of the near-inertial energy in this area, but the model could not be used to accurately estimate the amount of the work done by the wind to the mixed layer.

关键词： near-inertial oscillations near-inertial waves slab model high-frequency wind forcing eastcoast of Korea

Growth and Magnetic Properties of Sol-Gel Derived Co-Doped ZnO Thin Film

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Journal of Rare Earths 2006年第z1期24卷 59-63页

作者： young Sung Kim Ki Chul Kim Won Pil Tae Dae ho Yoon Tae Seok park Su Jeong Suh Advanced Material Process of Information Technology Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 440-746 Korea Cambridge-ETRI Joint R&D Centre Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute Daejeon 305-350 Korea Ulsan Industry Promotion Techno Park Ulsan 683-804 Korea Advanced Material Process of Information Technology Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 440-746 Korea Advanced Material Process of Information Technology Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 440-746 Korea Advanced Material Process of Information Technology Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 440-746 Korea

Zn1-xCoxO films were grown on glass by sol-gel spin coating process. A homogeneous and stable Zn1-xCoxO sol was prepared by dissolving zinc acetate dihydrate, cobalt acetate tetrahydrate and aluminium chloride hexahydrate as solutes in solution of isopropanol and monoethanolamine. The films were postheated and vacuum annealed, and investigated for c-axis preferred orientation and electromagnetic properties. Zn1-xCoxO films with different Co concentrations were oriented well along the c-axis, especially the Zn1-xCoxO film with 10% Co(atom fraction) was highly c-axis oriented. The transmittance spectra show that Zn1-xCoxO films occur d-d transition and sp-d exchange interaction between Co2+ ions. The electrical resistivity of the films at 10% Co had the lowest value because the crystallite size became largest and the crystallinity of the c-axis was improved. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and alternating gradient magnetometer analyses indicated that no Co metal cluster was formed, and the ferromagnetism at room temperature appeared. The characteristics of the electrical resistivity and room temperature ferromagnetism of sol-gel derived Zn1-xCoxO films suggest a potential application of dilute magnetic semiconductor devices.

关键词： sol-gel Zn1-xCoxO thin film dilute magnetic semiconductor (DMS)

Epidemic obesity in children and adolescents:risk factors and prevention

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Frontiers of Medicine 2018年第6期12卷 658-666页

作者： Eun young Lee Kun-ho Yoon Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Department of Internal MedicineSeoul St.Mary's HospitalCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoul 06591Korea Institute of Catholic Ubiquitous Health Care The Catholic University of KoreaSeoul 06591Korea

The prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents (aged 2-18 years) has increased rapidly, with more than 100 million affected in 2015. Moreover, the epidemic of obesity in this population has been an important public health problem in developed and developing countries for the following reasons. Childhood and adolescent obesity tracks adulthood obesity and has been implicated in many chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, childhood and adolescent obesity is linked to adulthood mortality and premature death. Although an imbalance between caloric intake and physical activity is a principal cause of childhood and adolescent obesity, environmental factors are exclusively important for development of obesity among children and adolescents. In addition to genetic and biological factors, socioenvironmental factors, including family, school, community, and national policies, can play a crucial role. The complexity of risk factors for developing obesity among children and adolescents leads to difficulty in treatment for this population. Many interventional trials for childhood and adolescent obesity have been proven ineffective. Therefore, early identification and prevention is the key to control the global epidemic of obesity. Given that the proportion of overweight children and adolescents is far greater than that of obesity, an effective prevention strategy is to focus on overweight youth, who are at high risk for developing obesity. Multifaceted, comprehensive strategies involving behavioral, psychological, and environmental risk factors must also be developed to prevent obesity among children and adolescents.

关键词： adolescents children epidemiology obesity prevention risk factor

Diurnal Variation of Tropical Convection during TOGA COARE IOP

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2005年第5期22卷 685-702页

作者： Jae-young BYON Gyu-ho LIM School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Seoul National University Seoul South KoreaSchool of Earth and Environmental Sciences Seoul National University Seoul South Korea

Diurnal variation of tropical convection and kinematic and thermodynamic conditions was investigated for different large-scale environments of the convectively active and inactive periods by using satellite observations and surface measurements during the Intensive Observation Period （IOP） of the Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere/Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment （TOGA/COARE）. During the convectively active period, the features of nocturnal convection appear in vertical profiles of convergence, vertical velocity, heat source, and moisture sink. The specific humidity increases remarkably in the middle troposphere at dawn. On the other hand, the altitude of maximum convergence and that of the upward motion is lower during the convectively inactive period. The specific humidity peaks in the lower troposphere in the daytime and decreases in the middle troposphere. Spectral analyses of the time series of the infrared （IR） brightness temperature （TBB） and amounts of rainfall suggest multiscale temporal variation with a prominent diurnal cycle over land and oceanic regions such as the Intensive Flux Array （IFA） and the South Pacific Convergence Zone （SPCZ）. Over land, the daily maximum of deep convection associated with cloud top temperature less than 208 K appears at midnight due to the daytime radiative heating and the sea-land breeze. Over the ocean, convection usually tends to occur at dawn for the convectively active period while in the afternoon during the inactive period. Comparing the diurnal variation of convection with large-scale variables, the authors inferred that moisture in the middle troposphere contributes mostly to the development of nocturnal convection over the ocean during the convectively active period.

关键词： diurnal variation tropical convection rainfall large-scale environment

Neuroimaging characterization of recovery of impaired consciousness in patients with disorders of consciousness

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第7期14卷 1202-1207页

作者： Sung ho Jang young Hyeon Kwon Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation College of MedicineYeungnam University

Elucidation of critical brain areas or structures that are responsible for recovery of impaired consciousness in patients with disorders of consciousness is important because it can provide information that is useful when developing therapeutic strategies for neurorehabilitation or neurointervention in patients with disorders of *** this review,studies that have demonstrated brain changes during recovery of impaired consciousness were *** studies used positron emission tomography,electroencephalography/transcranial magnetic stimulation,diffusion tensor tractography,and diffusion tensor tractography/*** majority of these studies reported on the importance of supratentorial areas or structures in the recovery of impaired *** important brain areas or structures that were identified were the prefrontal cortex,basal forebrain,anterior cingulate cortex,and parietal *** results have a clinically important implication that these brain areas or structures can be target areas for neurorehabilitation or neurointervention in patients with disorders of ***,most of studies were case reports;therefore,further original studies involving larger numbers of patients with disorders of consciousness are *** addition,more detailed information on the brain areas or structures that are relevant to the recovery of impaired consciousness is needed.

关键词： consciousness vegetative state minimally conscious state ascending reticular activating system diffusion tensor imaging neuroimaging neural regeneration review

Effect of pulse time on surface characteristics and corrosion resistance during pulse electrochemical polishing

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2012年第S3期22卷 876-880页

作者： young-Bin KIM Jeong-Woo park Department of Advanced Parts and Materials Engineering Chosun University Department of Mechanical Design Engineering Chosun University

Pulse electrochemical polishing (PECP) was used to improve the mechanical properties,such as surface roughness and corrosion resistance,of conductive metallic *** can provide a smooth,bright,reflective,and deburred surface that exhibits superior corrosion *** this work,stainless steel was used as the anode,and copper was used as the cathode due to their low electrical *** surface roughness of the PECP sample was measured by atomic force microscopy (AFM).A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to observe surface characteristics,and an Auger electron spectroscope (AES) was used to analyze the metallurgical composition and thickness of the passive *** aim of this research was to compare the corrosion resistance rates of the unprocessed and PECP-processed stainless steel.

关键词： stainless stell pulse electrochemical polishing corrosion resistance

The burden of prostatic calculi is more important than the presence

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2017年第4期19卷 482-485页

作者： Bumsoo park Seol ho Choo Department of Urology Kangnam General Hospital Yongin Korea Department of Family Medicine Henry Ford Hospital Wayne State University School of Medicine Detroit MI United States Department of Urology Ajou University School of Medicine Suwon Korea

Prostatic calculi are a common finding on transrectal prostate ultrasound. however, it remains unclear whether they are significantly associated with lower urinary tract symptoms （LUTS）. Our objective was to evaluate the association between prostatic calculi and LUTS with a focus on ＂calculi burden＂ because no studies have investigated prostatic calculi using ＂calculi burden＂ as an indicator. A total of 606 participants who received transrectal prostate ultrasound were divided into two groups according to the presence of prostatic calculi. ＂Calculi burden＂ was defined as the sum of the transverse diameters of all visible calculi within the prostate. The International Prostatic Symptom Score （IPSS） and a quality of life （QoL） score were collected. Both groups were compared, and a multivariate analysis was performed to predict moderate/severe LUTS. Linear correlation was evaluated between calculi burden and IPSS in the calculi group. No differences in total IPSS, voiding IPSS, or QoL score were detected between the two groups, but storage IPSS was significantly higher in the calculi group than that of controls. The multivariate analysis showed that the presence of prostatic calculi was not an independent predictor of moderate/severe LUTS. A positive linear correlation was detected between calculi burden and storage IPSS in calculi group （r = O. 148）. however, no correlation was found between calculi burden and total IPSS, voiding IPSS, or QoL score. Our results showed that the presence of prostatic calculi was not a significant factor predicting moderate/severe LUTS. however, an increased calculi burden may be associated with aggravating storage symptoms.

关键词： calculi lower urinary tract symptoms prostate prostatitis

Extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) of FAPbI_(3) for understanding local structure-stability relation in perovskite solar cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第4期31卷 549-554页

作者： Dong-ho Kang Yong-Jun park Yun-Sung Jeon Nam-Gyu park School of Chemical Engineering and Center for Antibonding Regulated Crystals Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Korea

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) employing formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI_(3)) have shown high ***,operational stability has been issued due to phase instability of α phase FAPbI_(3) at ambient *** precursors in the perovskite precursor solution has been proposed to improve not only power conversion efficiency (PCE) but also device ***,there is a controversial issue on the beneficial effect on PCE and/or stability between excess FAI and excess PbI_(2).We report here extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) of FAPbI_(3) to study local structural change and explain the effect of excess precursors on photovoltaic performance and *** films prepared from the precursor solution with excess PbI_(2)shows better stability than those from the one with excess FAI,despite similar PCE.A rapid phase transition from α phase to non-perovskite δ phase is observed from the perovskite film formed by excess ***,the (Pb-I) bond distance evaluated by the Pb L_(III)-edge EXAFS study is increased by excess FAI,which is responsible for the phase transition and poor device *** work can provide important insight into local structure-stability relation in the FAPbI_(3)-based PSCs.

关键词： Extended X-ray absorption fine structure EXAFS Excess precursor Local structure Stability Perovskite solar cells

High-temperature Oxidation Behavior of Zircaloy-4 and Zirlo in Steam Ambient

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2010年第9期26卷 827-832页

作者： Hyung hoon Kim Jun ho Kim Jin young Moon ho Seong Lee Jeong Joo Kim young Suck Chai School of Materials Science and Engineering Kyungpook National University School of Mechanical Engineering Yeungnam University214-1 Dae-dongGyeongsan-si

The oxidation characteristics for Zircaloy-4 and Zirlo in the temperature range of 700-1200°C under steam supply condition were investigated by using a modified thermo-gravimetric *** specimens were oxidized for 3600 s at each temperature and then quenched in a *** oxidation rate constants were measured from the weight gains to evaluate the oxidation behavior in Zircaloy-4 and *** weight gain rates of Zirlo were lower than those of Zircaloy-4,leading to the low rate *** different oxidation behaviors between both cladding materials were considered to be due to the difference in their chemical compositions.

关键词： Zircaloy-4 Zirlo Oxidation