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An interfacial robust and entire self-healing ionogel-elastomer hybrid for elastic electronics enables discretionary assembly and reconfiguration

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第4期67卷 1316-1323页

作者： Lei Yang Lijie Sun Hongfei Huang Rasoul Esmaeely Neisiany Zhengwei you State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials Institute of Functional MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityResearch Base of Textile Materials for Flexible Electronics and Biomedical Applications(China Textile Engineering Society)Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative MedicineShanghai 201620China Department of Polymer Engineering Hakim Sabzevari UniversitySabzevar ***Iran Biotechnology Centre Silesian University of TechnologyGliwice 44-100Poland

Inspired by the multi-layer architecture of mammal skins,interfacial robust,stretchable,and entirely healable gel-elastomer hybrids hold great potential in diverse fields including biomedical devices,wearable electrical devices,and soft ***,existing gel-elastomer hybrids have numerous limitations including low interfacial bonding toughness,complex and time-consuming preparation process,unhealable,and ***,we propose a simple and general chemical strategy through the interfacial dynamic bonding between gel and elastomer to simultaneously address the abovementioned *** covalent bonds readily and repeatably covalent bonding ionogel and elastomer(interfacial toughness:390 J m^(-2)),endowed the hybrids with entire self-healing features like skin and enabled discretionary assembly and ***,this strategy resolved the troublesome contradiction between interfacial stability and *** advantage of the aforementioned features,we readily constructed a multi-module,self-healing,self-powered,and realtime monitoring of personal status integrated elastic electronics,which could simply reconfigure the output signal of elastic electronics into an input signal of the devices-braille keyboard.

关键词： ionogel elastomer interface bonding self-healing dynamic covalent bond

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Neighbor Sum Distinguishing Total Choosability of Planar Graphs with Maximum Degree at Least 1.

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2024年第1期40卷 211-224页

作者： Dong-han Zhang you Lu Sheng-gui Zhang Li Zhang School of Mathematics and Statistics Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an710129China School of Mathematics and Computer Application Shangluo UniversityShangluo726000China

A neighbor sum distinguishing(NSD)total coloringφof G is a proper total coloring of G such thatΣz∈EG(u)U{u}φ(z)≠Σz∈EG(v)U{v}φ(z)for each edge uv∈E(G),where EG(u)is the set of edges incident with a vertex *** 201.,Pilśniak and Wozniak conjectured that every graph with maximum degreeΔhas an NSD total(Δ+3)-***,Yang et *** that the conjecture holds for planar graphs withΔ≥1.,and Qu et *** that the list version of the conjecture also holds for planar graphs withΔ≥*** this paper,we improve their results and prove that the list version of the conjecture holds for planar graphs withΔ≥1..

关键词： planar graphs neighbor sum distinguishing total choosibility combinatorial nullstellensatz discharging method

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Numerical study of steady flow characteristics of a rear variable-area bypass injector with alternating area regulator

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第5期37卷 180-198页

作者： Runfu LIU Zhenyao LI Huiliu ZHANG Qixing WANG Yue HUANG Yancheng you School of Aerospace Engineering Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361000China

The mixing effectiveness of the airflow between the inner and outer bypass inlets of a Rear Variable-Area Bypass Injector(RVABI)is the key to the afterburner performance of variable cycle *** paper describes an optimized RVABI design based on an alternating area regulator to improve the velocity/temperature uniformity of the incoming flow at the *** with a classical RVABI,numerical simulations show that the proposed alternating RVABI performs better in terms of thermal mixing efficiency and total pressure loss in different variable cycle engine *** the increasing air contact area between the inner and outer bypass of alternating structure RVABI,and a larger streamwise vortex in the inner bypass inlet due to the proposed alternating lobe structure in the RVABI contribute to the significantly increase of mixing ***,the alternating regulator induces strong streamwise vortex,which helps to improve the airflow mixing with its vortex-induced *** interaction between the streamwise vortex and azimuthal vortex further promises the velocity/temperature uniformity after the *** the increase of alternating lobe’s height ratio,the covering area of the streamwise vortex and the azimuthal vortex is enlarged,which further enhances the thermal mixing efficiency of the *** design gives an insight into the future design and optimization of RVABI.

关键词： Alternating area regulator Lobed mixer Variable cycle engine Rear Variable-Area Bypass Injector(RVABI) Streamwise vortex

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Fibroblast growth factor 21. An emerging pleiotropic regulator of lipid metabolism and the metabolic network

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 248-263页

作者： Shuo Li Tiande Zou Jun Chen Jiaming Li Jinming you Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Jiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchangJiangxi 330045China

Fibroblast growth factor 21.FGF21.was originally identified as an important meta-bolic regulator which plays a crucial physiological role in regulating a variety of metabolic pa-rameters through the metabolic *** a novel multifunctional endocrine growth factor,the role of FGF21.in the metabolic network warrants extensive *** insight was obtained from the observation that the FGF21.dependent mechanism that regulates lipid metabolism,glycogen transformation,and biological effectiveness occurs through the coordi-nated participation of the liver,adipose tissue,central nervous system,and sympathetic *** review focuses on the role of FGF21.uncoupling protein 1.UCP1.signaling in lipid metabolism and how FGF21.alleviates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Additionally,this review reveals the mechanism by which FGF21.governs glucolipid *** research on the role of FGF21.in the metabolic network has mostly focused on the crucial pathway of glucolipid ***21.has been shown to have multiple regulatory roles in the metabolic *** an adequate understanding of the concrete regulatory path-ways of FGF21.in the metabolic network has not been attained,this review sheds new light on the metabolic mechanisms of FGF21.explores how FGF21.engages different tissues and organs,and lays a theoretical foundation for future in-depth research on FGF21.targeted treatment of metabolic diseases.

关键词： Adipose FGF21 Insulin homeostasis Lipid metabolism Liver Metabolicnetwork

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A novel matrix topology-based analysis method of thermal circuits for reliability optimization of HSER

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第4期37卷 479-492页

作者： Huimin LIANG Bo LI Jiaxin you Shan JIANG Mengtong ZHU Aobo WANG Department of Electrical Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Nanjing Research Institute of Electronics Technology Nanjing 210008China

Hermetically Sealed Electromagnetic Relay(HSER), used in aviation and aerospace,demands high reliability due to its critical applications. Given its complex operating conditions, efficient thermal analysis is essential for optimizing reliability. The commonly used Finite Element Method(FEM) is often time-consuming and may not be efficient or adaptable for complex multi-dimensional system calculations and design processes. This paper introduces an analysis method for thermal networks based on matrix perspective technology, encompassing matrix transformation, backpropagation of the heat path model, temperature rise calculation, solution comparison, and product implementation. Using the similarity theory of heat circuits, a basic thermal unit is established. Based on the fundamental connection between key components, a thermal network for a typical HSER is designed. An experimental system is set up, and the thermal network model's accuracy is confirmed using test data. Employing the topology analysis method, the topology of the thermal network is analyzed under both coil-energized and de-energized states. Potential thermal paths are identified, leading to optimized solutions for the HSER. Utilizing these solutions, the thermal path matrix topology model is backpropagated to the thermal path for temperature rise calculations. When compared to prototype HSER test data, the efficiency and accuracy of this matrix topology-based analysis method are confirmed.

关键词： Thermal networks HSER(Hermetically Sealed Electromagnetic Relay) Heat-circuit topology model Heat-circuit matrix Optimization design

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Understanding adversarial attacks on observations in deep reinforcement learning

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 69-83页

作者： you QIAOBEN Chengyang YING Xinning ZHOU Hang SU Jun ZHU Bo ZHANG Department of Computer Science and Technology Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology Tsinghua-Bosch Joint Center for Machine Learning Institute for Artificial Intelligence Tsinghua University Peng Cheng Laboratory

Deep reinforcement learning models are vulnerable to adversarial attacks that can decrease the cumulative expected reward of a victim by manipulating its observations. Despite the efficiency of previous optimization-based methods for generating adversarial noise in supervised learning, such methods might not achieve the lowest cumulative reward since they do not generally explore the environmental ***, a framework is provided to better understand the existing methods by reformulating the problem of adversarial attacks on reinforcement learning in the function space. The reformulation approach adopted herein generates an optimal adversary in the function space of targeted attacks, repelling them via a generic two-stage framework. In the first stage, a deceptive policy is trained by hacking the environment and discovering a set of trajectories routing to the lowest reward or the worst-case performance. Next, the adversary misleads the victim to imitate the deceptive policy by perturbing the observations. Compared to existing approaches, it is theoretically shown that our adversary is strong under an appropriate noise level. Extensive experiments demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method in terms of efficiency and effectiveness, achieving state-of-the-art performance in both Atari and MuJoCo environments.

关键词： deep learning reinforcement learning adversarial robustness adversarial attack

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Deciphering and integrating invariants for neural operator learning with various physical mechanisms

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 111-122页

作者： Rui Zhang Qi Meng Zhi-ming Ma Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS) Microsoft Research

Neural operators have been explored as surrogate models for simulating physical systems to overcome the limitations of traditional partial differential equation(PDE) solvers. However, most existing operator learning methods assume that the data originate from a single physical mechanism, limiting their applicability and performance in more realistic scenarios. To this end, we propose the physical invariant attention neural operator(PIANO) to decipher and integrate the physical invariants for operator learning from the PDE series with various physical mechanisms. PIANO employs self-supervised learning to extract physical knowledge and attention mechanisms to integrate them into dynamic convolutional *** to existing techniques, PIANO can reduce the relative error by 1..6%–82.2% on PDE forecasting tasks across varying coefficients, forces or boundary conditions. Additionally, varied downstream tasks reveal that the PI embeddings deciphered by PIANO align well with the underlying invariants in the PDE systems, verifying the physical significance of PIANO.

关键词： neural operator PDE solver contrastive learning physical invariants

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Transcription factor OsWRKY1. induces rice heading at low concentrations but inhibits rice heading at high concentrations

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第7期66卷 1385-1407页

作者： Lirong Zhao Yunwei Liu Yi Zhu Shidie Chen Yang Du Luyao Deng Lei Liu Xia Li Wanqin Chen Zhiyu Xu Yangyang Xiong you {1. Siyu Fang Ligang Chen Houping Wang Diqiu Yu CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenThe Chinese Academy of SciencesMengla 666303China College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio‐resources in Yunnan Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China School of Life Sciences Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China Southwest United Graduate School Yunnan UniversityKunming 650092China

The heading date of rice is a crucial agronomic characteristic that influences its adaptability to different regions and its productivity *** the involvement of WRKY transcription factors in various biological processes related to development,the precise mechanisms through which these transcription factors regulate the heading date in rice have not been well *** present study identified OsWRKY1. as a WRKY transcription factor which exhibits a pivotal function in the regulation of the heading date in rice through a comprehensive screening of a clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats(CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated nuclease 9 mutant library that specifically targets the WRKY genes in *** heading date of oswrky1. mutant plants and OsWRKY1.-overexpressing plants was delayed compared with that of the wild-type plants under short-day and long-day *** investigation revealed that OsWRKY1. exerts dual effects on transcriptional promotion and suppression through direct and indirect DNA binding,*** normal conditions,OsWRKY1. facilitates flowering by directly inducing the expression of OsMADS1. and *** presence of elevated levels of OsWRKY1. protein promote formation of a ternary protein complex involving OsWRKY1.,Heading date 1.Hd1.,and Days to heading date 8(DTH8),and this complex then suppresses the expression of Ehd1.which leads to a delay in the heading *** investigation revealed that a mild drought condition resulted in a modest increase in OsWRKY1. expression,promoting ***,under severe drought conditions,a significant upregulation of OsWRKY1. led to the suppression of Ehd1.expression,ultimately causing a delay in heading *** findings uncover a previously unacknowledged mechanism through which the transcription factor OsWRKY1. exerts a dual impact on the heading date by directly and indirectly binding to the promoters of target genes.

关键词： heading date OsWRKY1. rice transcription factors

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Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction and field-free sub-1. nm topological magnetism in Fe/bismuth oxychalcogenides heterostructures

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第9期33卷 200-206页

作者： Yaoyuan Wang Long you Kai Chang Hongxin Yang School of Integrated Circuits Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Center for Quantum Matter School of PhysicsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute Shenzhen 518000China

Topological magnetism with strong robustness,nanoscale dimensions and ultralow driving current density(1.6 A/m^(2))is promising for applications in information sensing,storage,and processing,and thus sparking widespread research *** candidate material systems with nanoscale size and easily tunable properties is a key for realizing practical topological magnetism-based spintronic ***,we propose a class of ultrathin heterostructures,Fe/Bi_(2)O_(2)X(X=S,Se,Te)by deposing metal Fe on quasi-two-dimensional(2D)bismuth oxychalcogenides Bi_(2)O_(2)X(X=S,Se,Te)with excellent ferroelectric/ferroelastic *** Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction(DMI)and topological magnetism can be *** atomistic spin dynamics simulations demonstrate that field-free vortex–antivortex loops and sub-1. nm skyrmions exist in Fe/Bi_(2)O_(2)S and Fe/Bi_(2)O_(2)Se interfaces,*** results provide a possible strategy to tailor topological magnetism in ultrathin magnets/2D materials interfaces,which is extremely vital for spintronics applications.

关键词： Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction field-free topological magnetism

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Large-inductance superconducting microstrip photon detector enabling 1. photon-number resolution

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Advanced Photonics 2024年第1期6卷 96-105页

作者： Ling-Dong Kong Tian-Zhu Zhang Xiao-Yu Liu Hao Li Zhen Wang Xiao-ming Xie Li-Xing {1. Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS) Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information TechnologyNational Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated CircuitsShanghaiChina CAS Center for Excellence in Superconducting Electronics ShanghaiChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics EngineeringBeijingChina

Efficient and precise photon-number-resolving detectors are essential for optical quantum information *** this,very few detectors have been able to distinguish photon numbers with both high fidelity and a large dynamic range,all while maintaining high speed and high timing *** nanostrip-based detectors excel at counting single photons efficiently and rapidly,but face challenges in balancing dynamic range and ***,we have pioneered the demonstration of 1. true photon-number resolution using a superconducting microstrip detector,with readout fidelity reaching an impressive 98%and 90%for 4-photon and 6-photon events,***,our proposed dual-channel timing setup drastically reduces the amount of data acquisition by 3 orders of magnitude,allowing for real-time photon-number *** then demonstrate the utility of our scheme by implementing a quantum random-number generator based on sampling the parity of a coherent state,which guarantees inherent unbiasedness,robustness against experimental imperfections and environmental noise,as well as invulnerability to *** solution boasts high fidelity,a large dynamic range,and real-time characterization for photon-number resolution and simplicity with respect to device structure,fabrication,and readout,which may provide a promising avenue towards optical quantum information science.

关键词： superconducting microstrips single-photon detector photon-number resolution quantum random number

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