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Development review and the prospect of oil shale in-situ catalysis conversion technology

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Petroleum Science 2024年第2期21卷 1385-1395页

作者： Li Wang Chen-Hao Gao Rui-Ying Xiong Xiao-Jun zhang Ji-xiang Guo The Unconventional Oil and Gas Institute China University of Petroleum-BeijingBeijing102200China

As an unconventional resource, oil shale possesses abundant reserves and significant potential for industrial applications. The rational and efficient development of oil shale resources holds immense importance in reducing national energy demand. In-situ catalytic technology, characterized by its high efficiency, low pollution, and minimal energy consumption, represents a key direction for future oil shale development. This paper provides a comprehensive review of research progress in in-situ oil shale mining technology, oil shale pyrolysis catalysts, the pyrolysis mechanism of kerogen, and the compatibility of different heating processes and catalysts. Furthermore, the paper proposes future research directions and prospects for oil shale in-situ catalytic technology, including reservoir modification, highefficiency catalyst synthesis, injection processes, and high-efficiency heating technology. These insights serve as valuable technical references for the advancement of oil shale in-situ catalytic technology.

关键词： Oil shale In-situ catalytic technology Pyrolysis catalyst Kerogen pyrolysis mechanism

Synergistic effect of Zr and Mo on precipitation and high-temperature properties of Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloys

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China Foundry 2024年第1期21卷 71-81页

作者： Chao Gao Bing-rong zhang Yin-ming Li Zhi-ming Wang xiang-bin Meng Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)Jinan 250353China Hebei Ounai Machinery Mould Co.Ltd. Xingtai 054500HebeiChina

This study focuses on finding a solution to the sharp decline in mechanical properties of Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloys due to rapid coarsening of traditional intermediate phases at high temperature.A new type of modified al oy,to be used in automobile engines at high temperatures,was prepared by adding Zr and Mo into Al-Si-Cu-Mg *** synergistic effects of Zr and Mo on the microstructure evolution and high-temperature mechanical properties were *** show that the addition of Zr and Mo generates a series of intermetallic phases dispersed in the *** can improve the strength of the alloy by hindering dislocation movement and crack *** addition,some nano-strengthened phases show coherent interfaces with the matrix and improve grain *** addition of Mo greatly improves the heat resistance of the *** extremely low diffusivity of Mo enables it to improve the thermal stability of the intermetallic phases,inhibit precipitation during aging,reduce the size of the precipitates,and improve the heat resistance of the alloy.

关键词： Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloy high-temperature properties Zr-Mo-rich intermetallics nano-strengthening phases

Multidimensional hollow SiO_(2)/C nanofibers modified by magnetic nanocrystals for electromagnetic energy conversion and lithium battery storage

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 7301-7314页

作者： Chen Han Qi Zheng Juncheng Jin Jiajia zhang Wen-Qiang Cao Kun xiang Min zhang Mao-Sheng Cao Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Biomimetic Sensor and Detecting Technology College of Materials and Chemical EngineeringWest Anhui UniversityLu’an 237012China School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Department of Physics Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048China

Multifunctional materials are powerful tools to support the advancement of energy conversion *** with prominent electromagnetic and electrochemical properties can realize the conversion of electromagnetic energy and solve the subsequent storage ***,an electrospinning-thermal reduction method is employed to construct ultrafine nickel nanoparticle modified porous SiO_(2)/C(Ni-SiO_(2)/C)hollow nanofibers as promising materials for applications in both electromagnetic wave absorption(EMA)and lithium-ion ***,when used as an EMA material,the reflection loss(RL)of Ni-SiO_(2)/C can reach−47.8 dB at 15.8 GHz with a matching thickness of 2.2 *** excellent microwave absorption performance can be attributed to the enhanced conduction loss,polarization relaxation,synergistic magnetic loss,and preferred impedance matching,which result from multi-component magnetic/dielectric synergy and the unique interconnected multidimensional hollow ***,the electronic conductivity and electrochemical activity of the samples are significantly enhanced due to the uniform distribution of ultrafine Ni nanoparticles in the amorphous SiO_(2)/C ***,the hierarchical hollow porous structure provides sufficient free space for volume change during lithiation/delithiation ***,the Ni-SiO_(2)/C nanocomposite exhibits a high reversible capacity of 917.6 mAh·g^(−1)at 0.1 A·g^(−1).At a high current density of 2 A·g^(−1),a capacity of 563.9 mAh·g^(−1)can be maintained after 300 *** energy conversion-storage device is designed to store waste electromagnetic energy in the form of useful electrical *** work inspires the development of high-performance bifunctional materials.

关键词： Ni-SiO_(2)/C nanofiber electromagnetic absorption lithium-ion storage electrospinning multidimensional structure

Three‑dimensional numerical simulation of dynamic strength and failure mode of a rock mass with cross joints

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2024年第2期11卷 35-52页

作者： Tingting Liu Wenxu Huang Chang xiang Qian Dong Xinping Li Chao zhang Hubei Key Laboratory of Blasting Engineering Jianghan UniversityWuhan 430056China School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China Hainan Institute Wuhan University of TechnologySanya 572025China

To study the dynamic mechanical properties and failure characteristics of intersecting jointed rock masses with different joint distributions under confining pressure,considering the cross angleαand joint persistence ratioη,a numerical model of the biaxial Hopkinson bar test system was established using the finite element method–discrete-element model coupling *** validity of the model was verified by comparing and analyzing it in conjunction with laboratory test ***-static combined impact tests were conducted on specimens under various conditions to investigate the strength characteristics and patterns of crack initiation and *** study revealed the predominant factors influencing intersecting joints with different angles and penetrations under impact *** results show that the peak stress of the specimens decreases first and then increases with the increase of the cross ***α<60°,regardless of the value ofη,the dynamic stress of the specimens is controlled by the main ***α≥60°,the peak stress borne by the specimens decreases with increasingη.Whenα<60°,the initiation and propagation of cracks in the cross-jointed specimens are mainly controlled by the main joint,and the final failure surface of the specimens is composed of the main joint and wing ***α≥60°orη≥0.67,the secondary joint guides the expansion of the wing cracks,and multiple failure surfaces composed of main and secondary joints,wing cracks,and co-planar cracks are *** lateral confinement significantly increases the dynamic peak stress able to be borne by the *** triaxial conditions,the degree of failure of the intersecting jointed specimens is much lower than that under uniaxial and biaxial conditions.

关键词： Cross joints Joint distribution form Dynamic failure characteristics FEM–DEM BHPB

Ballistic performance of spaced multi-ply soft fabrics: Experimental and numerical investigation

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第4期34卷 143-155页

作者： Zhongwei zhang Xiaoning Yang Yuan Lin Ziming Xiong Yuhang xiang Yi Zhou Mingyang Wang State Key Laboratory of Explosion&Impact and Disaster Prevention&Mitigation Army Engineering University of PLANanjing 210007China School of Mechanical Engineering Nanjing University of Science&TechnologyNanjing 210007China State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies Wuhan Textile UniversityWuhan 430200China Postdoctoral Station of Civil Engineering Army Engineering University of PLANanjing 210007China

It has been reported that the ply gap influences the ballistic resistance of spaced multi-ply fabric systems,but its working mechanism was not well-understood. This paper reports the experimental and numerical approaches and results of an investigation on the mechanisms that enable the improved ballistic performance of spaced multi-ply systems. Penetration tests were performed over a range of impact velocities ranging from 200 m/s to 400 m/s. The results confirmed that the ply gap is beneficial to the energy absorption capability of the systems. This is because the front plies tend to absorb more energy when they are not immediately constrained by the rear plies. During a ballistic event, the gap relieves the reflection of the compressive pulse, prolonging the projectile engagement time with the front plies;on the other hand, the rear plies become increasingly less active in dissipating energy as the gap *** the gap is sufficiently widened to avoid any interference between the plies before the failure of the front ply, the responses of the whole system no longer vary. It was also found that the ballistic performance of the spaced systems is influenced by ply thickness, impact velocity, and the stacking order of the ply gap.

关键词： Energy absorption capability Ply gap Ballistic performance The front ply The rear ply

Microstructure,elastic/mechanical and thermal properties of CrTaO_(4):A new thermal barrier material?

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第3期13卷 373-387页

作者： Shuang zhang Xiaohui Wang Chao zhang Huimin xiang Yingwei Li Cheng Fang Mingliang Li Hailong Wang Yanchun Zhou School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China School of Civil Engineering Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China

CrTaO_(4)(or Cr_(0.5)Ta_(0.5)O_(2))has been unexpectedly found to play a decisive role in improving the oxidation resistance of Cr and Ta-containing refractory high-entropy alloys(RHEAs).This rarely encountered complex oxide can effectively prevent the outward diffusion of metal cations from the ***,the oxidation kinetics of CrTaO_(4)-forming RHEAs is comparable to that of the well-known oxidation resistant Cr_(2)O_(3)-and Al_(2)O_(3)-forming Ni-based ***,CrTaO_(4)has been ignored and its mechanical and thermal properties have yet to be *** fill this research gap and explore the untapped potential for its applications,here we report for the first time the microstructure,mechanical and thermal properties of CrTaO_(4)prepared by hot-press sintering of solid-state reaction synthesized *** the HAADF and ABF-STEM techniques,rutile crystal structure was confirmed and short range ordering was directly *** addition,segregation of Ta and Cr was ***,CrTaO_(4)exhibits elastic/mechanical properties similar to those of yttria stabilized zirconia(YSZ)with young’s modulus,shear modulus,and bulk modulus of 268,107,and 181 GPa,respectively,and Vickers hardness,flexural strength,and fracture toughness of 12.2±0.44 GPa,142±14 MPa,and 1.87±0.074 MPa·m^(1/2).The analogous elastic/mechanical properties of CrTaO_(4)to those of YSZ has spurred inquiries to lucrative leverage it as a new thermal barrier *** measured melting point of CrTaO_(4)is 2103±20 *** anisotropic thermal expansion coefficients areα_(a)=(5.68±0.10)×10^(-6)K^(-1),α_(c)=(7.81±0.11)×10^(-6)K^(-1),with an average thermal expansion coefficient of(6.39±0.11)×10^(-6)K^(-1).The room temperature thermal conductivity of CrTaO_(4)is 1.31 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1)and declines to 0.66 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1)at 1473 K,which are lower than most of the currently well-known thermal barrier *** the perspective of matched thermal expansion coefficient,CrTaO_(4)per

关键词： microstructure synthesis thermal conductivity thermal expansion coefficient melting point CrTaO_(4) mechanical and thermal properties

Effect of Al content in molten steel on interaction between MgO-C refractory and SPHC steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第4期31卷 838-848页

作者： Fu-bin Gao Fu-ming Wang xiang zhang Tian-yu Du Xin-hua Wangg School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Handan Iron and Steel Company Hegang GroupHandan 056015HebeiChina The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina

The effect of Al content in molten steel on the interaction between SPHC steel(0.005-0.068 wt.%Al,and 19×10^(-4)-58×10^(-4)wt.%O)and MgO-C refractory(11.63 wt.%C)was ***-metallic inclusions in the steel were examined at various periods(0,5,15,30,45,and 60 min)as well as the MgO-C interface after 60 min of corrosion at 1600℃.The results show that when MgO-C refractory comes into contact with SPHC steel,the refractory interface consists of three layers arranged from the innermost to the outermost,including the original refractory layer,the dense MgO layer,and the iron infiltration *** carbon in the MgO-C refractories and the Al content in the molten steel undergo a reaction with the MgO in the refractories,resulting in an increase in Mg concentration in the *** Al content in the molten steel from 0.005 to 0.068 wt.%causes a spinel layer to appear at the interface,and the disappearance time of Al_(2)O_(3) inclusions in the steel decreases from 60 to 30 min,while the average MgO content in inclusions ***,controlling the Al content in the molten steel and the smelting duration can help regulate the formation of spinel inclusionsinthe steel.

关键词： MgO-C refractory SPHC steel Inclusion-Spinel Al-killed steel Interfacial reaction

Response characteristics of PWR primary circuit under SBLOCAs considering steam bypass discharging

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第6期35卷 189-201页

作者： Shuai Yang xiang-Bin Li Yu-Sheng Liu Jia-Ning Xu De-Chen zhang School of Nuclear Science and Engineering North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China Beijing Key Laboratory of Passive Safety Technology for Nuclear Energy Beijing 102206China Nuclear and Radiation Safety Center MEPBeijing 100084China

Small-break superposed station blackout(SBO)accidents are the basic design accidents of nuclear power *** the condition of a small break in the cold leg,SBO further increases the severity of the accident,and the steam bypass discharg-ing system(GCT)in the second circuit can play an important role in guaranteeing core *** explore the influence of the GCT on the thermal-hydraulic characteristics of the primary circuit,RELAP5 software was used to establish a numerical model based on a typical pressurized water reactor nuclear power *** different small breaks in the cold-leg super-posed SBO were selected,and the impact of the GCT operation on the transient response characteristics of the primary and secondary circuit systems was *** results show that the GCT plays an indispensable role in core heat removal during an accident;otherwise,core safety cannot be *** GCT was used in conjunction with the primary safety injection system during the placement *** the break diameter was greater than a certain critical value,the core cooling rate could not be guaranteed to be less than 100 K/h;however,the core remained in a safe state.

关键词： Steam bypass discharging Pressurized water reactor SBLOCA Numerical simulation

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Modulation of d-orbital to realize enriched electronic cobalt sites in cobalt sulfide for enhanced hydrogen evolution in electrocatalytic water/seawater splitting

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Rare Metals 2024年第2期43卷 511-521页

作者： Jian-Peng Sun Yu Zheng Zi-Sheng zhang xiang-Chao Meng Zi-Zhen Li Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology(Ministry of Education) College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringOcean University of ChinaQingdao266100China Shanxi Institute of Energy Taiyuan030600China Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of OttawaOttawaONK1N6 N5Canada

Herein,a novel single-atomic Pt doping and interface-rich CoS/Co(OH)_(2)(Pt-CoS/Co(OH)_(2)/C)electrocatalyst has been successfully *** from precise regulation of d-orbital electronic structure modulation on Co site,Pt-CoS/Co(OH)_(2)/C exhibited remarkable HER activity and high stability for hydrogen evolution in splitting both water(73 mV@10 mA·cm^(−2)) and seawater(87 mV@10 mA·cm^(−2)).Notably,atomic Pt doping was introduced into CoS/Co(OH)_(2),which could produce local unbalanced Coulombic force and significantly increased the number of S vacancies,and then expose abundant Co ***,Co(OH)_(2) in Pt-CoS/Co(OH)_(2)/C could act as the adsorption sites for H_(2)O in hydrogen evolution reaction *** functional theory results also proved that atomic Pt doping,S vacancies and Co(OH)_(2) coupling could result in the formation of enriched electronic Co sites and optimize d_(z2) orbital electronic structure,and then realize the depth upward shift of d-band center and enhance the adsorption of H*on Co sites.

关键词： Electrocatalysts Hydrogen evolution reaction Pt-CoS/Co(OH)_(2) d-band center Electronic structure Water/seawater electrolysis