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Analysis for Effects of Temperature Rise of PV Modules upon Driving Distance of Vehicle Integrated Photovoltaic Electric Vehicles

Energy and Power Engineering（能源与动力工程） 2024年第4期 131页

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Energy and Power Engineering 2024年第4期16卷 131-150页

作者： Masafumi Yamaguchi Yasuyuki Ota Taizo Masuda Christian Thiel Anastasios Tsakalidis Arnulf Jaeger-Waldau Kenji Araki Kensuke Nishioka Tatsuya Takamoto Takashi Nakado Kazumi Yamada Tsutomu Tanimoto Yosuke Tomita Yusuke Zushi Kenichi Okumura Takashi Mabuchi Akinori Satou Kyotaro Nakamura Ryo Ozaki Nobuaki Kojima yoshio ohshita Toyota Technological Institute Nagoya Japan Faculty of Engineering Miyazaki University Miyazaki Japan Toyota Motor Corporation Susono Japan European CommissionR12 Joint Research Centre Ispra Italy Sharp Corporation Nara Japan Toyota Motor Corporation Toyota Japan Nissan Motor Corporation Yokosuka Japan

The development of vehicle integrated photovoltaics-powered electric vehicles (VIPV-EV) significantly reduces CO2 emissions from the transport sector to realize a decarbonized society. Although long-distance driving of VIPV-EV without electricity charging is expected in sunny regions, driving distance of VIPV-EV is affected by climate conditions such as solar irradiation and temperature rise of PV modules. In this paper, detailed analytical results for effects of climate conditions such as solar irradiation and temperature rise of PV modules upon driving distance of the VIPV-EV were presented by using test data for Toyota Prius and Nissan Van demonstration cars installed with high-efficiency InGaP/GaAs/InGaAs 3-junction solar cell modules with a module efficiency of more than 30%. The temperature rise of some PV modules studied in this study was shown to be expressed by some coefficients related to solar irradiation, wind speed and radiative cooling. The potential of VIPV-EV to be deployed in 10 major cities was also analyzed. Although sunshine cities such as Phoenix show the high reduction ratio of driving range with 17% due to temperature rise of VIPV modules, populous cities such as Tokyo show low reduction ratio of 9%. It was also shown in this paper that the difference between the driving distance of VIPV-EV driving in the morning and the afternoon is due to PV modules’ radiative cooling. In addition, the importance of heat dissipation of PV modules and the development of high-efficiency PV modules with better temperature coefficients was suggested in order to expand driving range of VIPV-EV. The effects of air-conditioner usage and partial shading in addition to the effects of temperature rise of VIPV modules were suggested as the other power losses of VIPV-EV.

关键词： Vehicle Integrated Photovoltaics (VIPV) VIPV-Powered Electric Vehicles Driving Distance PV Modules Solar Irradiation Temperature Rise Radiative Cooling

Loss Analysis of High-Efficiency Perovskite/Si Tandem Solar Cells for Large Market Applications

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Energy and Power Engineering 2022年第4期14卷 167-180页

作者： Masafumi Yamaguchi Kyotaro Nakamura Ryo Ozaki Nobuaki Kojima yoshio ohshita Toyota Technological Institute Nagoya Japan

The Si tandem solar cells composes of III-V, II-VI, chalcogenide and perovskite top cells and Si bottom cells are very attractive for creation of new markets. The perovskite/Si tandem solar cells are thought to be one of the most promising PV devices because of high-efficiency and low-cost potential. However, efficiencies of perovskite/Si tandem solar cells with an efficiency of 29.8% are lower compared to 39.5% with III-V 3-junction tandem solar cells and 35.9% with III-V/Si 3-junction tandem solar cells. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify and reduce several losses of perovskite/Si tandem solar cells. This paper presents high efficiency potential of perovskite/Si tandem solar cells analyzed by using our analytical procedure and discusses about non-radiative recombination, optical and resistance losses in those tandem solar cells. The perovskite/Si 2-junction tandem solar cells is shown to have efficiency potential of 37.4% as a result of non-radiative recombination loss of 2.3%, optical loss of 2.7% and resistance loss of 3.1%. Although the perovskite/Si 3-junction tandem solar cells are thought to be very attractive because of higher efficiency with an efficiency of more than 42%, decreasing non-radiative recombination loss in wide bandgap perovskite solar cell materials is pointed out to be necessary.

关键词： Perovskite Si Tandem Solar Cells High-Efficiency Loss Analysis

Recent Advances in High Efficiency Solar Cells

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复旦学报（自然科学版） 2007年第5期46卷 654-页

作者： yoshio ohshita Hidetoshi Suzuki Kenichi Nishimura Masafumi Yamaguchi Toyota Technological Institute 2-12-1HisakataTempakuNagoya 468-8511Japan

1 Results The conversion efficiency of sunlight to electricity is limited around 25%,when we use single junction solar cells. In the single junction cells,the major energy losses arise from the spectrum mismatching. When the photons excite carriers with energy well in excess of the bandgap,these excess energies were converted to heat by the rapid thermalization. On the other hand,the light with lower energy than that of the bandgap cannot be absorbed by the semiconductor,resulting in the losses. One way...

关键词： solar cells InGaP/GaAs/Ge chemical beam epitaxy

Approaches for High-Efficiency III-V/Si Tandem Solar Cells

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Energy and Power Engineering 2021年第12期13卷 413-427页

作者： Masafumi Yamaguchi Kan-Hua Lee Patrick Schygulla Frank Dimroth Tatsuya Takamoto Ryo Ozaki Kyotaro Nakamura Nobuaki Kojima yoshio ohshita Toyota Technological Institute Nagoya Japan Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy System Freiburg Germany Sharp Corporation Nara Japan

The Si tandem solar cells are very attractive for realizing high efficiency and low cost. This paper overviews current status of III-V/Si tandem solar cells including our results. The analytical results for efficiency potential of Si tandem solar cells and loss analysis of Si bottom cells as well as bandgap energy optimization of sub-cells are presented. The 2-junction and 3-junction Si tandem solar cells have potential efficiencies of 36% and 42%, respectively. ERE (external radiative efficiency) analysis for Si solar cells is analyzed in order to clarify properties of Si bottom solar cells. Properties of single-crystalline Si heterojunction solar cell fabricated in this study were analyzed. The current status of efficiencies of our Si bottom cell, upper III-V 2-junction solar cell and III-V/Si 3-junction tandem solar cell was shown to be 5.2% and 28.6% and 33.8%. Achievement of Jsc of 12 mA/cm2 for Si bottom cell is necessary to realize high-efficiency 3-junction Si tandem solar cells with an efficiency of more than 37%. In addition, this paper presents ERE analysis of III-V 2-junction upper solar cells for improving III-V/Si 3-junction tandem solar cells. Several ways to improve efficiency of III-V/Si 3-junction tandem solar cells by reducing non-radiative recombination, optical and resistance losses are shown.

关键词： High-Efficiency Solar Cells Si Tandem Multi-Junction Efficiency Analysis

Importance of Developing Photovoltaics-Powered Vehicles

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Energy and Power Engineering 2021年第5期13卷 147-162页

作者： Masafumi Yamaguchi Taizo Masuda Takashi Nakado Yusuke Zushi Kenji Araki Tatsuya Takamoto Kenichi Okumura Akinori Satou Kazumi Yamada Yasuyuki Ota Kensuke Nishioka Tsutomu Tanimoto Kyotaro Nakamura Ryo Ozaki Nobuaki Kojima yoshio ohshita Toyota Technological Institute Nagoya Japan Toyota Motor Corporation Susono Japan Toyota Motor Corporation Toyoota Japan Nissan Motor Corporation Yokosuka Japan Miyazaki University Miyazaki Japan Sharp Corporation Nara Japan

The development of photovoltaics (PV)-powered vehicles are expected to contribute to reduce CO2 emission of vehicles and create a clean energy society. This paper presents the impact of high-efficiency solar cell modules on reduction in CO2 emission, charging cost reduction for electric vehicles, and reducing storage capacity of PV-powered electric vehicles. In this paper, the effects of solar cell module efficiency upon driving distance of PV-powered vehicles are also shown. Especially, the potential of Si tandem solar cells for PV-powered vehicle applications is discussed. This paper presents that the III-V/Si 3-junction solar cell modules with an efficiency of more than 37% have the potential of longer driving distance of 30 km/day average and more than 50 km/day on a clear day compared to an average 16 km/day driving by vehicles powered by 20% efficiency Si solar cell modules.

关键词： High-Efficiency Solar Cells Modules CO2 Emission Reduction Charging Cost Reduction PV-Powered Vehicles

Approaches for High-Efficiency III-V/Si Tandem Solar Cells

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Importance of Developing Photovoltaics-Powered Vehicles

Energy and Power Engineering（能源与动力工程） 2021年第12期

作者： Masafumi Yamaguchi Kan-Hua Lee Patrick Schygulla Frank Dimroth Tatsuya Takamoto Ryo Ozaki Kyotaro Nakamura Nobuaki Kojima yoshio ohshita

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