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Experimental study on boundary lubricity of superficial area of articular cartilage and synovial fluid

Friction 2024年第5期12卷 981-996页

作者： Wenxiao LI Takehiro MORITA yoshinori sawae Departure of Mechanical Engineering Kyushu UniversityFukuoka8190395Japan International Institute for Carton-Neutral Energy Research Kyushu UniversityFukuoka8190395Japan Advanced Research Center for Biomechanics Kyushu UniversityFukuoka8190395Japan

The boundary lubrication mechanism at the articulating surface of natural synovial joints has been the subject of much discussion in tribology.In this study,to elucidate the lubricating function of the superficial area of articular cartilage and synovial fluid(SF),cartilage specimens were processed with four different treatments:gentle and severe washing with detergent,incubation in NaCl solution,and trypsin digestion to selectively remove certain constituents from the cartilage surface.Subsequently,the frictional characteristics were examined in phosphate-buffered saline(PBS)and SF against glass.Angularly reciprocating sliding tests with a spherical glass probe and square articular cartilage specimens were performed at low contact loads in the mN range to extract the frictional behavior in the superficial area of the cartilage specimens.Meanwhile,the cartilage surface was observed to confirm the effects of treatments on the morphology of the cartilage surface using a fluorescence microscope and water-immersion methods.The coefficient of friction(COF)of the prepared cartilage specimens was varied from 0.05 to over 0.3 in PBS.However,a certain group of cartilage specimens exhibited a low COF of less than 0.1 with limited variation.For the low COF group of specimens,all four treatments increased the COF in PBS to different extents,and fluorescence microscopy revealed that the integrity of the cartilage surface was deteriorated by treatments.This means that the intact cartilage surface had lubricating constituents to maintain low friction,and the removal of such constituents resulted in the loss of the intrinsic boundary lubricity of the cartilage surface.The variation in the COF of the cartilage specimens was suppressed in SF because it had a clear boundary lubrication effect on the cartilage surface.The lubricating effect of SF could be confirmed even after degenerative treatment.

关键词： articular cartilage synovial fluid the uppermost superficial layer boundary lubrication

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On/off switching of adhesion in gecko-inspired adhesives

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Biosurface and Biotribology 2021年第2期7卷 83-89页

作者： Tetsuo Yamaguchi Akira Akamine yoshinori sawae Department of Biomaterial Sciences The University of TokyoTokyoJapan Department of Mechanical Engineering Kyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan International Institute for Carbon‐Neutral Energy Research Kyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan

In this study,the adhesion-detachment behaviour of a gecko-inspired adhesive pad was investigated to understand the on/off switching mechanisms of adhesion in gecko feet.A macroscopic spatula model was fabricated using silicone rubber,and adhesion tests combining lateral sliding and vertical debonding were conducted.It was observed that the contact state and the adhesion force of the pad vary considerably with the direction of lateral sliding prior to debonding,and that the pad achieves adhesion during debonding even when it loses contact due to excess lateral sliding.These results explain the mech-anisms behind the on/off switching and stable adhesion of gecko feet,and suggest the possibility of developing new-generation adhesives capable of switchable adhesion.

关键词： rubber macroscopic behaviour

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Running-in friction of hip joint replacements can be significantly reduced:The effect of surface-textured acetabular cup

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Friction 2020年第6期8卷 1137-1152页

作者： David NECAS Hatsuhiko USAMI Tatsuya NIIMI yoshinori sawae Ivan KRUPKA Martin HARTL Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Brno University of TechnologyBrno 61669Czech Republic Faculty of Science and Technology Meijo UniversityNagoya 468-8502Japan Kanefusa Corporation Nagoya 480-0192Japan Faculty of Engineering Kyushu UniversityFukuoka 819-0395Japan

Hip joint replacements represent the most effective way of treatment for patients suffering from joint diseases.Despite the rapid improvement of implant materials over the last few decades,limited longevity associated with wear-related complications persists as the main drawback.Therefore,improved tribological perfor-mance is required in order to extend the service life of replacements.The effect of surface texturing of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE)acetabular cup was investigated in the present study.Unique tilling method was utilized for manufacturing the dimples with controlled diameter and depths on the contact surface of the cup.The experiments with four commercial femoral components and two model lubricants were realized.The main attention was paid to a coefficient of friction considering the differences between the original and the dimpled cups.Results showed remarkable lowering of friction,in general.Focusing on the simulated human synovial fluid,friction was reduced by 40%(alumina ceramic),38.8%(zirconia toughened ceramic),25.5%(metal),and 9.9%(oxinium).In addition,the dimples helped to keep the friction stable without fluctuations.To conclude,the paper brings a new insight into frictional behaviour of the hip replacements during running-in phase which is essential for overall implant lifespan.It is believed that proper surface texturing may rapidly improve the life quality of millions of patients and may lead to considerable financial savings.

关键词： hip joint replacement friction texturing dimple longevity

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Influence of synovia constituents on tribological behaviors of articular cartilage

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Friction 2013年第2期1卷 150-162页

作者： Teruo MURAKAMI Seido YARIMITSU Kazuhiro NAKASHIMA yoshinori sawae Nobuo SAKAI Research Center for Advanced Biomechanics Kyushu University744 MotookaNishi-kuFukuoka819-0395Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringKyushu University744 MotookaNishi-kuFukuoka819-0395Japan Department of Applied Science for Integrated System Engineering Graduate School of EngineeringKyushu Institute of Technology1-1SensuichoTobata-kuKitakyushu804-8550Japan

The extremely low friction and minimal wear in natural synovial joints appear to be established by effective lubrication mechanisms based on appropriate combination of articular cartilage and synovial fluid.The complex structure of cartilage composed of collagen and proteoglycan with high water content contributes to high load-carrying capacity as biphasic materials and the various constituents of synovial fluid play important roles in various lubrication mechanisms.However,the detailed differences in functions of the intact and damaged cartilage tissues,and the interaction or synergistic action of synovia constituents with articular cartilage have not yet been clarified.In this study,to examine the roles of synovia constituents and the importance of cartilage surface conditions,the changes in friction were observed in the reciprocating tests of intact and damaged articular cartilage specimens against glass plate lubricated with lubricants containing phospholipid,protein and/or hyaluronic acid as main constituents in synovial fluid.The effectiveness of lubricant constituents and the influence of cartilage surface conditions on friction are discussed.In addition,the protectiveness by synovia constituents for intact articular cartilage surfaces is evaluated.

关键词： articular cartilage synovial fluid synovial joint lubrication biotribology

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Biomimetic artificial cartilage:fibre-reinforcement of PVA hydrogel to promote biphasic lubrication mechanism

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Biosurface and Biotribology 2019年第1期5卷 13-19页

作者： Nobuo Sakai Seido Yarimitsu yoshinori sawae Mochimitsu Komori Teruo Murakami Integrated Systems Engineering Kyushu Institute of TechnologyKitakyushuJapan Intelligent Mechanical Systems System DesignTokyo Metropolitan UniversityTokyoJapan Mechanical Engineering Kyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan Research Center for Advanced Biomechanics Kyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan Medical Technology Teikyo UniversityOmutaJapan

The fibre-reinforced structure in synovial articular cartilage plays an important role in enhancing the fluid load support in the biphasic lubrication mechanism.Poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA)hydrogel is a potential biomimetic articular cartilage material.In this study,PVA hydrogel was reinforced with PVA fibres to improve its frictional properties.By computational analysis,the position of the PVA fibre layer was examined with a migrating contact condition to reduce the friction coefficient.To improve the fibre reinforcement,a method for fibre placement was developed to retain the initial strain of the fibre in the hydrogel matrix.The experimental results showed that the fibre-reinforced PVA hydrogel with a surface fibre layer had a low friction coefficient of 0.031 in pure water.The fibre-reinforced PVA hydrogel successfully reduced friction coefficient.

关键词： mechanism. material. fibre

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Transitional behaviour between biphasic lubrication and soft elastohydrodynamic lubrication of poly(vinyl alcohol)hydrogel using microelectromechanical system pressure sensor

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Biosurface and Biotribology 2018年第1期4卷 24-33页

作者： Nobuo Sakai Seido Yarimitsu yoshinori sawae Mochimitsu Komori Teruo Murakami Integrated System Engineering Kyushu Institute of TechnologyKitakyushuJapan Intelligent Mechanical Systems System DesignTokyo Metropolitan UniversityTokyoJapan Mechanical Engineering Kyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan Research Center for Advanced Biomechanics Kyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan Medical Technology Teikyo UniversityOmutaJapan

The soft hydrogel material is expected for a candidate material as biomimetic artificial cartilage with synergisticfunctionalities of adaptive multimode lubrication.In boundary lubrication mode of hydrogel material,the biphasiclubrication mechanism cooperatively exerts its functionality.In hydrodynamic lubrication mode,it is preferable that thelubricating surfaces be impermeable to trap the fluid pressure in contact surfaces,whereas the actual biphasic materiallike a hydrogel is a permeable material with surface porosity.lt is indicated that the interstitial fluid pressurisation inthe permeable biphasic material can contribute to significant fluid load support under lower sliding speed condition.So,the authors examined how the contrary fluid pressure effect appears in the transition from the boundarylubrication mode to soft elastohydrodynamic lubrication mode.In the experiment,a small pressure sensor was utilisedto measure the in-situ fluid pressure in sliding condition.Although the experimental condition of this study wasselective,the result showed a possibility of the negative effect of the biphasic surface,in which the permeable surfacediminished the hydrodynamic fluid pressure.This means that one should manage and enhance the biphasic lubricationabilities in wide operation range when the hydrogel material was used as a load bearing material.

关键词： hydrogel behaviour synergistic

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Development of a scintillating-fiber-based beam monitor for the coherent muon-to-electron transition experiment

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第4期35卷 156-164页

作者： Yu Xu Yun-Song Ning Zhi-Zhen Qin Yao Teng Chang-Qing Feng Jian Tang Yu Chen yoshinori Fukao Satoshi Mihara Kou Oishi School of Physics Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China High Energy Accelerator Research Organization(KEK) Ibaraki 305‑0801Japan Department of Physics Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK

The coherent muon-to-electron transition(COMET)experiment is a leading experiment for the coherent conversion of μ^(-)N→e^(-)N using a high-intensity pulsed muon beamline,produced using innovative slow-extraction techniques.Therefore,it is critical to measure the muon beam characteristics.We set up a muon beam monitor(MBM),where scintillating fibers woven in a cross shape were coupled to silicon photomultipliers to measure the spatial profile and timing structure of the extracted muon beam for the COMET.The MBM detector was tested successfully with a proton beamline at the China Spallation Neutron Source and took data with good performance in the commissioning run.The development of the MBM,including its mechanical structure,electronic readout,and beam measurement results,are discussed.

关键词： Beam instrumentation Profile monitor Scintillating fiber Silicon photomultipliers

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Regeneration mechanisms and therapeutic strategies for neuromuscular junctions in aging and diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 193-194页

作者： Masashi Fujitani Abu Md Mamun Tarif yoshinori Otani Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience Faculty of MedicineShimane UniversityShimaneJapan

The neuromuscular junction(NMJ)is an essential synaptic structure composed of motor neurons,skeletal muscles,and glial cells that orchestrate the critical process of muscle contraction(Li et al.,2018).The typical NMJ structure is classically described as having a“pretzel-like”shape in mice(Figure 1),whereas human NMJs have a smaller,fragmented structure throughout adulthood.Degenerated NMJs exhibit smaller or fragmented endplates,partial denervation,reduced numbers of synaptic vesicles,abnormal presynaptic mitochondria,and dysfunctional perisynaptic Schwann cells(Alhindi et al.,2022).

关键词： aging structure Figure

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Ssu72磷酸酶缺失导致减数第二次分裂过程中纺锤体交叉

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遗传 2024年第6期46卷 502-508页

作者：闫静亮马玲玲渡边嘉典江南大学未来食品科学中心无锡214122 江南大学生物工程学院无锡214122

Ssu72磷酸酶是酵母裂解/多聚腺苷化因子(cleavage/polyadenylation factor,CPF)复合物的组成成分,可以催化RNA聚合酶II的C末端结构域(C-terminal domain,CTD)S5-P、S7-P的去磷酸化。后又有研究指出Ssu72磷酸酶参与有丝分裂过程中染色体... 详细信息

Ssu72磷酸酶是酵母裂解/多聚腺苷化因子(cleavage/polyadenylation factor,CPF)复合物的组成成分,可以催化RNA聚合酶II的C末端结构域(C-terminal domain,CTD)S5-P、S7-P的去磷酸化。后又有研究指出Ssu72磷酸酶参与有丝分裂过程中染色体凝聚力的调控。为进一步明确Ssu72磷酸酶是否会影响裂殖酵母减数分裂过程中染色体的分离,本研究利用绿色荧光蛋白(green fluorescent protein,GFP)标记着丝粒、红色荧光蛋白标记微管蛋白Atb2,并在荧光显微镜下实时观察ssu72Δ细胞的整个减数分裂染色体分离过程。结果表明,ssu72Δ细胞在减数第二次分裂中后期发生纺锤体交叉,并且这种纺锤体的交叉产生了一种新型的孢子排布缺陷模式。本研究为高等生物中磷酸酶Ssu72的研究提供重要的借鉴意义。

关键词：裂殖酵母减数分裂 Ssu72 纺锤体交叉

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Erratum to: Influence of synovia constituents on tribological behaviors of articular cartilage

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Friction 2014年第4期2卷 391-391页

Erratum to Friction 1(2):150-162(2013)DOI 10.1007/s40544‐013‐0010‐6 The original version of this article unfortunately contained the incorrect lengend“HA 0.5 wt%+DPPC 0.01 wt%+albumin 1.4 wt%”in Fig.7 on page 155... 详细信息

关键词： Friction tribological behaviors

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