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A short climatology of black and brown carbon and their sources at a suburban site impacted by smoke in Brazil

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 498-511页

作者： Admir Creso Targino Patricia Krecl Gabriel yoshikazu Oukawa Eva Maria Mollinedo Graduate Program in Environmental Engineering Federal University of TechnologyAv.Pioneiros 3131LondrinaPR 86036-370Brazil Department of Environmental Engineering Federal University of TechnologyAv.Pioneiros 3131LondrinaPR 86036-370Brazil

Emissions from biomass burning challenge efforts to curb air pollution in cities downwind of fire-prone regions,as they contribute large amounts of brown carbon(Br C)and black carbon(BC)*** investigated the patterns of Br C and BC concentrations using Aethalometer data(atλ=370 and 880 nm,respectively)spanning four years at a site impacted by the outflow of *** data required to be post processed for the shadowing effect since,without correction,concentrations would be between 29%and 35%*** Br C concentrations were consistently higher than the BC concentrations,indicating the prevalence of aerosols from biomass *** results were supported by the Angstrom coefficient(A_(370/880)),with values predominantly larger than 1(mean±standard deviation:1.25±0.31).A_(370/880)values below 1 were more prevalent during the wet season,which suggests a contribution from fossil fuel *** observed sharp Br C and BC seasonal signals,with mean minimum concentrations of 0.40μg/m^(3)and 0.36μg/m^(3),respectively,in the wet season,and mean maximum concentrations of 2.05μg/m^(3)and 1.53μg/m^(3)in the dry *** largest concentrations were observed when northerly air masses moved over regions with a high density of fire *** burning of residential solid waste and industrial combustion caused extreme Br C and BC concentrations under favourable wind *** neither pollutant is included in any ambient air quality standards,our results suggest that transboundary smoke may hamper efforts to meet the World Health Organization guidelines for fine particles.

关键词： Light-absorbing carbonaceous matter Black carbon Wildfires Biomass burning Aethalometer

Co-infection with Neisseria mucosa in a patient with tuberculous otitis media

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Journal of Otology 2024年第1期19卷 1-4页

作者： Tatsuya Hioki Kazuaki Soejima Yuki Goto Makoto Sugiura Takumi Umemura Yoshimi Ishihara yoshikazu Mutoh Daisuke Sakanashi Hiroshige Mikamo Department of Clinical Laboratory Tosei General Hospital160 Nishioiwake-choSetoAichi489-8642Japan Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy Tosei General Hospital160 Nishioiwake-choSetoAichi489-8642Japan Department of Otolaryngology Tosei General Hospital160 Nishioiwake-choSetoAichi489-8642Japan Department of Infection Control Team Tosei General Hospital160 Nishioiwake-choSetoAichi489-8642Japan Department of Infectious Diseases Tosei General Hospital160 Nishioiwake-choSetoAichi489-8642Japan Department of Infection Prevention and Control Aichi Medical University Hospital1-1 YazakokarimataNagakuteAichi480-1195Japan Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases Aichi Medical University1-1 YazakokarimataNagakuteAichi480-1195Japan

Tuberculous otitis media(TOM) is a rare manifestation caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis with low incidence rates among extrapulmonary tuberculosis cases. Diagnosis is often delayed because of the presence of several clinical manifestations and the high prevalence of secondary bacterial infections. Few reports have attributed secondary bacterial infections in patients with TOM to commensal Neisseria. Thus, understanding the pathogenic mechanisms and clinical features of commensal Neisseria is important, considering its recent presentation as an infection-causing pathogen. Neisseria mucosa is a commensal inhabitant in humans and is generally considered non-pathogenic but can cause infection in rare cases. Here, we report an atypical secondary infection caused by Neisseria mucosa in an 81-year-old woman with TOM being treated for pulmonary tuberculosis. Direct purulent otorrhea smear microscopy revealed no acid-fast bacilli using Ziehl-Neelsen staining, whereas the phagocytosis of gram-negative cocci by white blood cells was confirmed using Gram staining. Otorrhea culture revealed the growth of N. mucosa. Subsequently, M. tuberculosis infection in the otorrhea was identified using a culture-based method. Vigilance is critical for the early detection of TOM to prevent further complications. This report raises awareness regarding TOM and provides insight into the pathogenicity of N. mucosa in otitis media.

关键词： Commensal neisseria Miliary tuberculosis Mycobacterium tuberculosis Neisseria mucosa Tuberculous otitis media

Accelerated Gas Carburizing (URX Gas Carburizing)

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材料热处理学报 2004年第5期25卷 378-381页

作者： yoshikazu Shimosato Mamoru Kamitani Hiroyuki Nakatsu Chugai Ro Co. Ltd. Osaka JapanChugai Ro Co. Ltd. Osaka JapanChugai Ro Co. Ltd. Osaka Japan

URX gas Carburizing is an accelerated gas Carburizing method with 50% CO + 50% H2 gas which comes from CFLt gas + CO2 gas. By using this gas composition, the Carburizing reaction rate increases to the maximum and the controllability of carbon potential improves. A carbon mass flow rate is the product of the Carburizing reaction rate multiplied by the difference of carbon percent between carbon potential of the gas and the carbon content of the surface of treated steel parts. We have obtained excellent results from the experimental tests at our laboratory as mentioned bellow. 1) Carburizing time can be shortened by 40% for 0.5 - 0.9 mm effective case depth. 2) Uniform Carburizing case depth 3) Less internal oxidation with the same case depth. We have already developed the new roller hearth type continuous Carburizing furnace and the new URX gas generator .

关键词：气体渗碳内部氧化质量流速反应速率系数

Theoretical study of current-voltage characteristics of carbon nanotube wire functionalized with hydrogen atoms

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Science China Chemistry 2012年第5期55卷 796-801页

作者： FUENO Hiroyuki KOBAYASHI yoshikazu TANAKA Kazuyoshi Department of Molecular Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Kyoto University Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan

A functionalized single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) of a finite length with a ring-like hydrogenation around its surface is designed toward fabrication of a molecular field-effect transistor (FET) device. The molecular wire thus designed is equipped with a quantum dot inside, which is confirmed by theoretical analysis for electronic transport. In particular, the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics under influence of the gate voltage are discussed in detail.

关键词： single-walled carbon nanotube molecular field-effect transistor molecular wire electron transport

Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Growth with Non-Iron- Group “Catalysts” by Chemical Vapor Deposition

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Nano Research 2009年第10期2卷 793-799页

作者： yoshikazu Homma Huaping Liu Daisuke Takagi Yoshihiro Kobayashi Department of Physics Tokyo University of ScienceShinjukuTokyo 162-8601Japan NTT Basic Research Laboratories Nippon Telegraph and Telephone CorporationAtsugiKanagawa 243-0198Japan National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Nanotechnology Research InstituteTsukubaIbaraki305-8561Japan Department of Applied Physics Osaka UniversitySuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan

Various materials have been found to“catalyze”carbon nanotube growth in chemical vapor deposition(CVD)when they become nano-sized *** involve not only metals,such as Pd,Pt,Au,Ag,and Cu,but also semiconductors,such as Si,Ge,and *** and diamond nanoparticles also produce carbon ***“catalysts”,which are better called“seeds”,can be categorized into two types:one type forms a eutectic liquid or highly-mobile alloy with carbon,and carbon atoms precipitate from the eutectic alloy;the other type remains as a solid phase and form a carbon surface layer during CVD *** this paper,we review recent studies of SWCNT growth with these non-iron-group materials and highlight the mechanisms involved.

关键词： Carbon nanotube catalyst seed growth mechanism chemical vapor deposition vapor liquid solid mechanism

Essential cellular modules for the proliferation of the primitive cell

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第4期9卷 1155-1161页

作者： Koichi Higashi yoshikazu Kawai Tomoya Baba Ken Kurokawa Taku Oshima Genome Evolution Laboratory National Institute of Genetics Centre for Bacterial Cell Biology Institute for Cell and Molecular BiosciencesMedical SchoolNewcastle University Advanced Genomics Center National Institute of Genetics Earth-Life Science Institute Tokyo Institute of Technology Graduate School of Biological Sciences Nara Institute of Science and Technology

Bacteria appeared early in the evolution of cellular life on planet Earth, and therefore the universally essential genes or biological pathways found across bacterial domains may represent fundamental genetic or cellular systems used in early life. The essential genes and the minimal gene set required to support bacterial life have recently been experimentally and computationally identified. It is, however,still hard to estimate the ancient genes present in primitive cells compared to the essential genes in contemporary bacteria, because we do not know how ancestral primitive cells lived and proliferated, and therefore cannot directly evaluate the essentiality of the genes in ancestral primitive cells. The cell wall is normally essential for bacterial proliferation and cellular division of walled bacterial cells is normally highly controlled by the essential FtsZ cell division machinery. But, bacteria are capable of reverting to their cell wall deficient ancestral form, called the ＂L-form＂. Unlike ＂normal＂ cells, L-forms divide by a simple physical mechanism based on the effects of membrane dynamics, suggesting a mode of primitive proliferation before the appearance of the cell wall. In this review, we summarize the experimental and computational investigations of minimal gene sets and discuss the minimal cellular modules required to support the proliferation of primitive cells, based on L-form proliferation.

关键词： L-form Essential genes Minimal gene set KEGG module Bacteria

Predictive factors for efficacy of testosterone replacement therapy for late-onset hypogonadism in Japanese men:a preliminary report

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2023年第5期25卷 587-590页

作者： Nobuyuki Kondoh Yohei Kaizuka Seiji Nagasawa yoshikazu Togo Shingo Yamamoto Department of Urology Kawanishi City Medical CenterKawanishiHyogo 6660017Japan Department of Urology Hyogo Medical UniversityNishinomiyaHyog 6638501Japan

Although testosterone replacement therapy(TRT)is the first-choice method used worldwide for late-onset hypogonadism(LOH),clinical benefits are not seen in all *** study was conducted to determine the predictors of TRT efficacy for ***-six patients who visited our Men’s Health Clinic(Kawanishi City Medical Center,Kawanishi and Hyogo Medical University,Nishinomiya,Hyogo,Japan)between November 2003 and June 2021 with data available before and after TRT were *** were divided into responders(Group 1;n=45,accounting for 80.4%)and nonresponders(Group 2;n=11,accounting for 19.6%)based on the clinical response to TRT,including patient *** noted before TRT included age,body mass index,aging males’symptoms score,sexual health inventory for men,luteinizing hormone,follicular-stimulating hormone,testosterone,free testosterone,prolactin(PRL),estradiol(E2),and testosterone/estradiol(T/E2)ratio in *** statistical analysis,a multivariable logistic regression model was *** analysis revealed PRL(odds ratio TORI:0.9624;95%confidence interval[Cl]:0.9316-0.9943,P<0.05),E2(OR:0.8692;95%Cl:0.7745-0.9754,P<0.05),and T/E2 ratio(OR:1.1312;95%Cl:1.0106-1.2661,P<0.05)to be predictive *** analyses showed that T/E2 ratio was an independent predictive factor(OR:1.1593;95%Cl:1.0438-1.2875,P<0.01).The present results suggest that a low value for T/E2 ratio may predict a reduced response to *** T/E2 ratio threshold to predict nonresponders based on receiver-operating characteristics(ROC)curve analysis was shown to be *** additional studies with larger number of patients are necessary,we propose the determination of serum E2 level and testosterone level prior to performing TRT.

关键词： estradiol late-onset hypogonadism predictive factor testosterone treatment

Thermodynamic assessment of the Ni-Sb binary system

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Rare Metals 2008年第4期27卷 384-392页

作者： CAO Zhanmin TAKAKU yoshikazu OHNUMA Ikuo KAINUMA Ryosuke ZHU Hongmin ISHIDA Kiyohito School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China Department of Materials Science Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University Sendal 980-8578 Japan

The Ni-Sb binary alloy system was thermodynamically assessed using CALPHAD approach in this article. Excess Gibbs energies of solution phases, liquid and fcc phases, were formulated using the Redlich-Kister expression. The intermediate phases were modeled by the sublattice model with （Ni,Va）0.5（Ni,Sb）0.25（Ni）0.25 for Ni3Sb_HT phase and （Ni,Va）0.3333（Sb）0.3333（Ni,Va）0.3333 for NiSb phase. The other phases including Ni3Sb, Ni7Sb3, and NiSb2 were treated as stoichiometric compound owing to their narrow composition ranges. Based on the reported thermodynamic properties and phase diagram data, the thermodynamic parameters of these phases were optimized, and the obtained values can reproduce the available experimental data well.

关键词： Ni-Sb binary system thermodynamic assessment CALPHAD phase diagram

H_∞ CONTROL OF AN ACTIVE SUSPENSION SYSTEM

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Journal of Central South University 1998年第2期10卷 61-64页

作者： Shaojun Liu Jue Zhong Hironao Yamada yoshikazu Suematsu 1. College of Mechanical and Engineering Central South University of Technology 410083 Changsha China 2. Nagoya University Japan

An H ∞ controller for an active suspension system is designed, which has taken the performance of ride comfort and the system robustness into account. Simulation results show that a concentrated weighting of the car body acceleration output, for the frequency where human being are most sensitive to vibration, has been executed by introducing the frequency dependent weighing function, thus the suspension acceleration frequency response characteristic can be improved. It is also pointed out that the designed controller is effective in the system robustness against the fluctuation of parameter of system.

关键词： H ∞ control active suspension ride comfort robustness