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Utility of the Transition Phase in Earplugs of the North Pacific Common Minke Whale as an Indicator of Age at Sexual Maturity

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2017年第4期7卷 414-424页

作者： Hikari Maeda yoshihiro fujise Toshiya Kishiro Hidehiro Kato National Research Institute of Far Seas Fisheries Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency Yokohama Japan The Institute of Cetacean Research Tokyo Japan Headquarters Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency Yokohama Japan Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology Tokyo Japan

Whale age at sexual maturity is one of the most important biological parameters that can be used in stock management and population analysis. Earplugs have been widely used as an indicator of age among rorquals. It has also been accepted that the transition phase in the earplug can be used as an indicator of age at sexual maturity in fin whales, sei whales, and Antarctic minke whales. This study aimed to provide further insight into the utility of the transition phase as an indicator of age at sexual maturity in the North Pacific common minke whales, which has not yet been clarified. The relationship between sexual maturity and transition phase in earplugs was examined using 981 readable earplugs from common minke whales that were sampled at the JARPN and JARPN II scientific permit survey platform in the western North Pacific from 1994 to 2011. The transition phase was recognized in 53.2% of mature males and in 58.6% of mature females. Most whales in which the transition phase was recognized in the earplug were sexually mature. A significant correlation was found between the number of corpora and time after sexual maturation, as revealed by the transition phase, demonstrating that the transition phase is a valid indicator of age at sexual maturity in common minke whales. However, it was difficult to recognize the transition phase in whales that had recently attained sexual maturity because insufficient time had elapsed since its formation. To avoid potential bias, the use of earplugs as an indicator of age should be restricted to whales more than 12 years old.

关键词： Common Minke Whale Balaenoptera acutorostrata Earplug Age at Sexual Maturity Transition Phase

Sexual Dimorphism in Pelvic Bone Shape of the North Pacific Common Minke Whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata)

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2016年第2期6卷 131-136页

作者： Naoko Miyakawa Toshiya Kishiro yoshihiro fujise Gen Nakamura Hidehiro Kato Laboratory of Cetacean Biology Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology Tokyo Japan National Research Institute of Far Seas Fisheries Yokohama Japan Institute of Cetacean Research Tokyo Japan

Little is known about the morphology of the pelvic girdle of modern cetaceans, although many species have a vestigial pelvis (pelvic bone) and part of the hind limb bones inside the body. Previous studies have focused almost exclusively on hard tissues as well, despite the fact that the bones are comprised of cartilaginous tissue, especially in the case of femur. In the present study, we characterized the pelvic bones and searched for vestigial femurs among 43 North Pacific common minke whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata), all of which were sexually mature individuals. The shape of the pelvic bones clearly differs depending on sex. Specifically, the pelvic bones of females were flat, but those of adult males consist of two types: one with a twisted caudal portion (Twisted type) and the other with a thickened caudal portion (Hypertrophied type). Those pelvic bone features in male are found only among North Pacific common minke whales. 98% of the individuals in this study had vestigial femur. The presence rate of vestigial femur may differ by subspecies. The shape of the pelvic and hind limb bones of modern cetaceans may vary between species and probably by region, at least at the Ocean basin scale.

关键词： Pelvic Bone Femur Cartilage Common Minke Whale Sexual Dimorphism

Peginterferon and ribavirin treatment for hepatitis C virus infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第4期17卷 419-432页

作者： Akihito Tsubota Kiyotaka fujise Yoshihisa Namiki Norio Tada Institute of Clinical Medicine and Research Jikei University School of Medicine

Pegylated interferon α (IFNα) in combination with ribavirin is currently recommended as a standard-of-care treatment for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. This combination therapy has drastically improved the rate of sustained virological response, specifically in difficult-to-treat patients. Recently, individualized treatment, such as response-guided therapy, is being developed based on host-, HCV- and treatment-related factors. Furthermore, modified regimens with currently available medications, novel modified IFNα and ribavirin or combinations with specifically targeted antiviral therapy for HCV agents, are currently being investigated. The purpose of this review is to address some issues and epoch-making topics in the treatment of chronic HCV infection, and to discuss more optimal and highly individualized therapeutic strategies for HCV-infected patients.

关键词： Pegylated interferon α Ribavirin Chronic hepatitis C virus infection Difficult-to-treat patient Individualized treatment Response-guided therapy Specifically targeted antiviral therapy for hepatitis C virus

一个新型的毫米波无线信号光纤传输系统及本振信号远程传送结构(英文)

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光子学报 2006年第11期35卷 1725-1729页

作者：周明拓 Sharma A B 张建国 fujise M 日本国家信息与通信技术研究院无线通信研究所亚洲理工大学工程技术学院中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所瞬态光学与光子技术国家重点实验室西安710068 日本国家信息与通信技术研究院无线通信研究所新

提出一个新型的毫米波光纤传输系统及本振信号远程传送的结构.此技术能为将来使用皮蜂窝网络提供宽带无线接入服务给出一个简单的基站接入点解决方案.计算和仿真结果表明,在激光器输出功率为-6.5 dBm,光放大增益为6 dB,激光线宽为1 MHz,... 详细信息

提出一个新型的毫米波光纤传输系统及本振信号远程传送的结构.此技术能为将来使用皮蜂窝网络提供宽带无线接入服务给出一个简单的基站接入点解决方案.计算和仿真结果表明,在激光器输出功率为-6.5 dBm,光放大增益为6 dB,激光线宽为1 MHz,75 MHz或150 MHz,误码率不超过10-9的情形下,622 Mbit/s的下行相移键控信号能够在传统单模光纤上传输超过30 km的距离.在具有相对大的激光器线宽150 MHz和光纤距离为30 km时,由激光器相位噪音和光纤色散所引起的(通过远程传送的)毫米波本振信号的额外相位误差的方差仅为1.74°.

关键词：光纤通信无线信号的光纤传输毫米波通信马赫-曾德调制器远程本振信号传送

Evaluation of Allelochemicals, Abscisic Acid and Coumarin, in Leaf-Origin Suspension Cultured Cells of <i>Prunus yedoensis</i>Using Protoplast Co-Culture Bioassay Method

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2018年第2期9卷 172-184页

作者： Kouhei fujise Shinso Yokota Hamako Sasamoto Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences Yokohama National University Yokohama Japan Faculty of Agriculture Utsunomiya University Utsunomiya Japan Faculty of Environment and Information Sciences Yokohama National University Yokohama Japan Research Institute for Integrated Science Kanagawa University Hiratsuka Japan

Dried leaves of Prunus yedoensis and P. lannesiana (50 mg) showed strong inhibitory allelopathic activities, e.g., more than 97% growth inhibition of lettuce seedling using the sandwich method. Similarly, among suspension cultures induced from leaves and peduncles of two Prunus species, we found the strongest inhibitory allelopathic activities of protoplasts of leaf-origin suspension cells of P. yedoensis, when the protoplast co-culture method for bioassay of allelopathy was applied with lettuce as a recipient plant. Effects of two putative allelochemicals, abscisic acid and coumarin, on both protoplast cultures of lettuce and P. yedoensis were investigated. Coumarin inhibited the growth of lettuce protoplasts from low concentrations, while abscisic acid stimulated. Abscisic acid inhibited the protoplast growth of P. yedoensis from low concentrations, while coumarin did not, but inhibited only at a high concentration (1 mM). Contents of abscisic acid in protoplasts were measured using small scale purification and Enzyme Linked Immno Sorbent Assay, and contents of coumarin in leaf-origin susepension cells of P. yedoensis were measured using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Coumarin was more likely the allelochemical causing the strong inhibitory allelopathic activities of P. yedoensis in the protoplast co-culture bioassay. Effectiveness of the protoplast co-culture bioassay method of allelopathy was discussed.

关键词： Allelopathy Bioassay Protoplast Culture Prunus Species

Early apoptosis and cell death induced by ATX-S10Na(Ⅱ)-mediated photodynamic therapy are Bax- and p53-dependent in human colon cancer cells

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第5期13卷 692-698页

作者： Makoto Mitsunaga Akihito Tsubota Kohichi Nariai Yoshihisa Namiki Makoto Sumi Tetsuya Yoshikawa Kiyotaka fujise Institute of Clinical Medicine and Research Jikei University School of Medicine Kashiwa Chiba Japan Division of Gastro-enterology and Hepatology Department of Internal Medicine Jikei University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan Institute of Clinical Medicine and Research Jikei University School of Medicine Kashiwa Chiba Japan

AIM： To investigate the roles of Bax and p53 proteins in photosensitivity of human colon cancer cells by using lysosome-localizing photosensitizer, ATX-S10Na （Ⅱ）. METHODS： HCT116 human colon cancer cells and Bax-null or p53-null isogenic derivatives were irradiated with a diode laser. Early apoptosis and cell death in response to photodynamic therapy were determined by MTT assays, annexin Ⅴ assays, transmission electron microscopy assays, caspase assays and western blotting. RESULTS： Induction of early apoptosis and cell death was Bax- and p53-dependent. Bax and p53 were required for caspase-dependent apoptosis. The levels of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins, Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, were decreased in Bax- and p53-independent manner. CONCLUSION： Our results indicate that eady apoptosis and cell death of human colon cancer cells induced by photodynamic therapy with lysosome-localizing photosensitizer ATX-S10Na （Ⅱ） are mediated by p53- Bax network and low levels of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL proteins. Our results might help in formulating new therapeutic approaches in photodynamic therapy.

关键词： Photodynamic therapy ATX-S10Na (Ⅱ) Apoptosis Bax p53

Several factors including ITPA polymorphism influence ribavirin-induced anemia in chronic hepatitis C

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第41期18卷 5879-5888页

作者： Akihito Tsubota Noritomo Shimada Hiroshi Abe Kai Yoshizawa Rie Agata Yoko Yumoto Makiko Ika Yoshihisa Namiki Keisuke Nagatsuma Hiroshi Matsudaira Kiyotaka fujise Norio Tada Yoshio Aizawa Institute of Clinical Medicine and Research The Jikei University School of Medicine163-1 Kashiwa-shitaKashiwaChiba 277-8567Japan Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Kashiwa HospitalThe Jikei University School of Medicine163-1 Kashiwa-shitaKashiwaChiba 277-8567Japan Department of Gastroenterology Shinmatsudo Central General Hospital1-380 ShinmatsudoMatsudoChiba 270-0034Japan Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Katsushika Medical CenterThe Jikei University School of Medicine6-41-2 AotoKatsushika-kuTokyo 125-8506Japan

AIM： To construct formulae for predicting the likelihood of ribavirin-induced anemia in pegylated interferon plus ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C. METHODS： Five hundred and sixty-one Japanese patients with hepatitis C virus genotype lb who had received combination treatment were enrolled and as- signed randomly to the derivation and confirmatory groups. Single nucleotide polymorphisms at or nearby ITPA were genotyped by real-time detection poly- merase chain reaction. Factors influencing significant anemia （hemoglobin concentration 〈 10.0 g/dL at week 4 of treatment） and significant hemoglobin decline （declining concentrations 〉 3.0 g/dL at week 4） were analyzed using multiple regression analyses. Prediction formulae were constructed by significantly independent factors. RESULTS： Multivariate analysis for the derivation group identified four independent factors associated with significant hemoglobin decline： hemoglobin decline at week 2 [P = 3.29× 10^4, odds ratio （OR） = 7.54 （g/dL）], estimated glomerular filtration rate [P = 2.16× 10^4, OR = 0.962 （ml/min/1.73 m2）], rs1127354 （P = 5.75 × 10^4, OR = 10.94） and baseline hemoglobin [P = 7.86 × 10^4, OR = 1.50 （g/alL）]. Using the model constructed by these factors, positive and negative predictive values and predictive accuracy were 79.8%, 88.8% and 86.2%, respectively. For the confirmatory group, they were 83.3%, 91.0% and 88.3%. These factors were closely correlated with significant anemia. However, the model could not be constructed, because no patients with rs1127354 minor genotype CA/AA had significant anemia. CONCLUSION： Reliable formulae for predicting the likelihood of ribavirin-induced anemia were constructed. Such modeling may be useful in developing individual tailoring and optimization of ribavirin dosage.

关键词： Chronic hepatitis C virus infection Ribavi-rin Pegylated interferon Prediction model Hemolyticanemia Single nucleotide polymorphism

New combination test for hepatitis C virus genotype and viral load determination using Amplicor GT HCV MONITOR test v2.0

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第4期11卷 469-475页

作者： Motokazu Mukaide Yasuhito Tanaka Hirokazu Kakuda Kei Fujiwara Fuat Kurbanov Eturo Orito Kentaro Yoshioka Kiyotaka fujise Shoji Harada Takazumi Kozaki Kazuo Takemura Kazumasa Hikiji Masashi Mizokami SRL Inc. 5-6-50ShinmachiHino-shiTokyo 191-0002Japan Department of Clinical Molecular Informative Medicine Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences KawasumiMizuhoNagoya 467-8601Japan Department of Internal Medicine and Molecular Science Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences KawasumiMizuhoNagoya 467-8601Japan Department of Clinical Molecular Informative Medicine Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences KawasumiMizuhoNagoya 467-8601 Japan Third Department of Internal Medicine Nagoya University School of Medicine65 TsurumaShowaNagoya 466-8550Japan Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal Medicine (Kashiwa) The Jikei University School of Medicine163-1KashiwashitaKashiwaChiba 277-8567Japan SRL Inc. 5-6-50ShinmachiHmo-shiTokyo 191-0002Japan

AIM: To develop a new sensitive and inexpensive hepatitis C virus (HCV) combination test (HCV Guideline test) that enables the determination of HCV genotypes 1, 2 and 3, and simultaneous determination of HCV viral load using commercial Amplicor GT HOV MONITOR test v2.0 (microwell version). METHODS: The HCV Guideline test used the PCR product generated in commercial Amplicor GT HCV Monitor test v2.0 for viral load measurement using microwell plate version of Amplicor HCV Monitor and also captured on separate plates containing capture probes and competitive oligonucleotide probes specific for HCV genotypes 1, 2 and 3, The HCV genotype was subsequently determined using the biotin-labeled PCR product and five biotin-labeled HCV-specific probes. RESULTS: The sensitivity of the HCV Guideline test was 0.5 KIU/mL. Specificity of the HCV Guideline test was confirmed by direct sequencing of HCV core region and molecular evolutionary analyses based on a panel of 31 samples. The comparison of the HCV Guideline test and an in-house HCV core genotyping assay using 252 samples from chronic hepatitis C patients indicated concordant results for 97.2% of samples (59.5% genotype 1, 33.7% genotype 2, 6.0% genotype 3, and 0.8% mixed genotypes). Similarly, the HCV Guideline test showed concordance with a serological test, and the serological test failed to assign any serotype in 12.7% of the samples, indicating a better sensitivity of the HCV Guideline test. CONCLUSION: Clinically, both viral load and genotypes (1, 2 and 3) have been found to be major predictors of antiviral therapy outcome regarding chronic hepatitis C based on guidelines and they are, in normal circumstances, performed as separate stand-alone assays. The HCV Guideline test is a useful method for screening large cohorts in a routine clinical setting for determining the treatment regimen and for predicting the outcome of antiviral therapy of chronic hepatitis C.

关键词： Hepatitis CVirus HCV Guideline test Viral Load Genotype

A mutation of the start codon in the X region of hepatitis B virus DNA in a patient with non-B,non-C chronic hepatitis

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World Journal of Hepatology 2011年第2期3卷 56-60页

作者： Kiyotaka fujise Keiko Tatsuzawa Midori Kono Sadayori Hoshina Akihito Tsubota Minoru Niiya Yoshihisa Namiki Norio Tada Hisao Tajiri Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal MedicineKashiwa HospitalThe Jikei University School of MedicineChiba277-8567Japan Institute of Clinical Medicine and Research The Jikei University School of Medicine Chiba277-8567Japan Department of Laboratory Medicine The Jikei University School of MedicineTokyo 105-8461Japan

There are cases of hepatitis involving occult hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection in which,even though the HB surface antigen(HBsAg)is negative,HBV-DNA is detected by a polymerase chain reaction(PCR).We con-ducted a sequence analysis of the entire HBV region in a case of non-B non-C chronic hepatitis in a 46-yearold female.A diagnosis of non-B non-C chronic hepatitis was *** HBV markers,such as HBs antibody(anti-HBs),anti-HBc,HBeAg and anti-HBe,were negative,HBV-DNA was *** PCR was performed to amplify the precore region of HBV-DNA and all remaining regions by long nested *** analysis of the two obtained bands was conducted by direct *** with the control strains,the ATG(Methionine)start codon in the X region had mut ated to GTG(Valine).It is assumed that a mutation at the start codon in the X region may be the reason why HBV markers are negative in some cases of hepatitis that involve occult HBV infection.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus X region Mutation Non-B non-C chronic hepatitis Occult infection