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Biogas Production Using Water Hyacinth (Eicchornia crassipes) for Electricity Generation in Kenya

Energy and Power Engineering 2015年第5期7卷 209-216页

作者： Paul Njogu Robert Kinyua Purity Muthoni Yusuyuki nemoto Institute of Energy and Environmental Technology Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Kenya Division of Renewable Energy and Environment Ashikaga Institute of Technology Japan

Water hyacinth, E. crassipes, an invasive water weed thrives in fresh water bodies causing serious environmental problems. In Kenya the weed has invaded Lake Victoria and poses great socioeconomic and environmental challenges. Currently the weed is harvested from the Lake and left in the open to rot and decay leading to loss of aesthetics, land and air pollution. There is therefore need for development of value addition and economic exploitation strategies. The aim of the study is to assess the potential for utilization of the weed as a renewable energy resource for biogas production. Samples were collected from Lake Victoria, pulped and blend with cow dung at a ratio of 3:1 as inoculum. The resultant mixture was mixed with water at a ratio of 1:1 and fed into a 6 m3 tubular digester. The digester was recharged with 20 kg after every three days. The temperature, pH variations, gas compositions, upgrading and gas yields were studied. The temperature ranged between 22.8°C - 36.6°C and pH 7.4 - 8.5. Biogas was found to contain 49% - 53% methane (CH4 ), 30% - 33% carbon dioxide (CO2 ), 5% - 6% nitrogen (N2 ) and traces of hydrogen sulphide (H2S). The biogas was upgraded using solid adsorbents and wet scrubbers increasing the methane content by up to 70% - 76%. The upgraded gas was used to power internal combustion engines coupled with an electricity generator and direct heat applications. The study concludes that E. crassipes is a potential feedstock for biogas production especially in areas where it is abundant.

关键词： Renewable Energy Biogas Water Hyacinth E. crassipes Pollution

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Modified simultaneous integrated boost radiotherapy for an unresectable huge refractory pelvic tumor diagnosed as a rectal adenocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第48期20卷 18480-18486页

作者： Takuma Nomiya Hiroko Akamatsu Mayumi Harada Ibuki Ota Yasuhito Hagiwara Mayumi Ichikawa Misako Miwa Shouhei Kawashiro Motohisa Hagiwara Masahiro Chin Eiji Hashizume Kenji nemoto Department of Radiation Oncology National Institute of Radiological Sciences Chiba 263-8555 Japan Department of Radiation Oncology Yamagata University Hospital Yamagata 990-8560 Japan Department of Surgery Nihonkai General Hospital Yamagata 990-8560 Japan

A clinical trial of radiotherapy with modified simultaneous integrated boost(SIB)technique against huge tumors was conducted.A 58-year-old male patient who had a huge pelvic tumor diagnosed as a rectal adenocarcinoma due to familial adenomatous polyposis was enrolled in this *** total dose of 77 Gy(equivalent dose in 2Gy/fraction)and 64.5 Gy was delivered to the center of the tumor and the surrounding area respectively,andapproximately 20%dose escalation was achieved with the modified SIB *** tumor with an initial maximum size of 15 cm disappeared 120 d after the start of the *** status of the patient improved from 4 to *** with modified SIB may be effective for patients with a huge tumor in terms of tumor shrinkage/disappearance,improvement of QOL,and prolongation of survival.

关键词： Clinical trial Image-guided radiotherapy Rectal neoplasms Quality of life Neoplasm recurrence

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Thermal Gasification of Rice Husks from Rice Growing Areas in Mwea, Embu County, Kenya

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Smart Grid and Renewable Energy 2015年第5期6卷 113-119页

作者： Paul Njogu Robert Kinyua Purity Muthoni Yusuyuki nemoto Institute of Energy and Environmental Technology Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya Division of Renewable Energy and Environment Ashikaga Institute of Technology Ashikaga Japan

Thermal gasification of biomass provides a potential renewable energy resource in rural areas in Kenya. Rice husks are a key byproduct of rice production that are not considered of economic value to millers. Rice husks obtained from Mwea, Embu County, Kenya were converted into syngas using a locally assembled modified updraft gasifier. The syngas production was produced at temperatures between 450°C and 750°C with injection of limited supply of air and purified using series of gas cleaning and cooling devices. Proximate analysis shows that rice husks have a mean content of 21.9% ± 0.3% ash, 9.5% ± 3.3% moisture, 78.8% ± 0.3% volatiles and 91.8% ± 1.3% total solids. Carbonized rice husks have mean contents of 37.8% ± 1.2% ash, 3.1% ± 0.4% moisture, 62.3% ± 1.2% volatiles and 96.5% ± 0.4% total solids. The study shows that feedstock is consumed at a rate of 25 - 32 Kg/Hr with gas generation rate of 7.76 - 7.78 m3/hr;this translates to a gas yield of 0.31 - 0.35 m3/Kg. Process water was re-circulated at a rate of 2.2 m3/hr within the plant. The total electricity consumption per hour was 1.1 - 1.3 kWh. Carbon monoxide (CO) and temperature were monitored in the working area to assess the safety of the workers and were found to be in the range of 35 - 50 ppm and 24°C - 29.5°C respectively. The two were found to be within safe limits;however, the CO concentrations increased when leakages occurred. Syngas was found to be composed of 16.5% - 17.55% CO, 14.5% - 16.1% CO2, 4.1% - 4.5% H2, 6.8% - 7.2% CH4 and 17.9% - 45.7% N2 among others. The gas was used for direct heating applications and to run modified petrol engines. Carbonized husks were used to make energy briquettes and partly applied to the rice growing pads to improve soil properties. The technology provides energy solutions and aids in the abatement of climate change mitigation and abatement since it provides a permanent carbon sink. The technology provides a value addition chain for rice growers.

关键词： Carbonization Climate Change Gasification Syngas

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PRECIPITATION AND MICROSTRUCTURE OF Cr MODIFIED Al_3Ti

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2001年第1期14卷 13-20页

作者： W.H. Tian and M. nemoto (Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China Sasebo National College of Technology, Okishin 1-1, Sasebo 857-1193, Japan) Dept. of Mat. Phys. Univ. of Sci. and Technol. Beijing Beijing 100083 China

The microstructures of Cr modified Al3Ti containing Al2Ti and L10-AlTi precipitates have been investigated in terms of transmission electron microscopy(TEM). Fine precipitation of Al2Ti (Ga2Hf type structure) and Ll0-AlTi(Cr) occurs in Ll2-Al3Ti(Cr) by aging around 973K. The aging behavior was investigated by microhardness measurements. TEM observations reveal that plate-like Al2Ti precipitates lie on{100} planes of the Ll2-Al3Ti(Cr) matrix with the c axis of the tetragonal phase perpendicular to the thin plate. As contrast with Al2Ti precipitates, Ll0-AlTi(Cr) precipitates form thin plate and lie on {100} planes of Ll2-Al3Ti(Cr) matrix at the initial aging time and for long time aging the habit plane of the thin plate deviates from {100} plane and finally forms a kinked plate. The coherency stresses across the precipitate/matrix interface are considered to be the main factors controlling the precipitate morphology.

关键词： Age hardening Aluminum compounds Microstructure Precipitation (chemical) Titanium compounds

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Acute appendicitis following endoscopic mucosal resection of cecal adenoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第27期21卷 8462-8466页

作者： Yukako nemoto Junya Tokuhisa Nagasato Shimada Tatsuya Gomi Iruru Maetani Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal Medicine Toho University Ohashi Medical Center Department of Radiology Toho University Ohashi Medical Center

Endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR) allows the removal of flat or sessile lesions, laterally spreading tumors, and carcinoma of the colon or the rectum limited to the mucosa or the superficial submucosa. Acute appendicitis is the most common abdominal emergency requiring emergency surgery, and it is also a rare complication of diagnostic colonoscopy and therapeutic endoscopy, including EMR. In the case presented here, a 53-year-old female underwent colonoscopy due to a positive fecal occult blood test and was diagnosed with cecal adenoma. She was referred to our hospital and admitted for treatment. The patient had no other symptoms. EMR was performed, and 7 h after the surgery, the patient experienced right-lower abdominal pain. Laboratory tests performed the following day revealed a WBC count of 16000/mm3, a neutrophil count of 14144/mm3, and a C-reactive protein level of 2.20 mg/d L, indicating an inflammatory response. Computed tomography also revealed appendiceal wall thickening and swelling, so acute appendicitis following EMR was diagnosed. Antibiotics were initiated leading to total resolution of the symptoms, and the patient was discharged on the sixth post-operative day. Pathological analysis revealed a high-grade cecal tubular adenoma. Such acute appendicitis following EMR is extremely rare, and EMR of the cecum may be a rare cause of acute appendicitis.

关键词： Acute appendicitis Endoscopic mucosalresection Cecal adenoma Antibiotics Computedtomography

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Production of Sucrose Crystals of Uni-Modal Size Distribution by Seeded Batch Cooling Crystallization

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Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering 2022年第11期10卷 16-23页

作者： Norihito Doki Shunsuke Kayamori Masaaki Yokota Takahiro nemoto Yoshikazu Kato Department of Chemical Engineering Iwate University Morioka Japan SATAKE MultiMix Corporation Toda-Shi Japan

From sucrose aqueous solution of high viscosity, sucrose was crystallized by seeded cooling in a batch crystallizer. At low seed loadings, the product crystal size distribution (CSD) was wide-spread because of enormous secondary and primary nucleation. However, at high seed loadings, it became uni-modal, where the crystallization was dominated by seed growth with practically no secondary nucleation. Enough seeding was thus effective in suppressing nucleation even during batch crystallization with high viscosity solution. The volume mean size of the product crystals obtained at high seed loadings agreed with that calculated by a simple mass balance assuming growth-dominated crystallization with no change in the number of crystals.

关键词： Batch Cooling Crystallization Seeding Effect Sucrose

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Relationship between Sleep and Subjective Fatigue in Rotating Shift Nurses: Validation Using a Wearable Device

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Open Journal of Nursing 2018年第4期8卷 272-280页

作者： Yuko Yoshida Naomi Sumi Naotaka Sugimura Fumie nemoto Rika Yano Faculty of Health Sciences Hokkaido University Sapporo Japan Graduate School of Health Sciences Hokkaido University Sapporo Japan Tokeidai Memorial Hospital Sapporo Japan

The objective of this study was to determine if sleep indicators are associated with subjective fatigue in nurses working in a rotating, two-shift system with a 16-hour night shift, using the wearable device Fitbit One. Subjective fatigue was evaluated using the Subjective Fatigue Symptom Questionnaire (SFSQ), a rating scale developed by the Working Group for Occupational Fatigue of the Japan Society for Occupational Health. Subjects were asked to continuously wear a Fitbit One to obtain the following data: time in bed (TIB), deep sleep time, length and frequency of nighttime awakening, sleep efficiency, waking time, and bed time. Nurses had a mean age and standard deviation of 33.2 ± 7.5 years and had worked as nurses for 9.8 ± 6.2 years on average. Eight nurses were in their 20s (42.1%), 5 in their 30s (26.3%), and 6 in their 40s (31.6%). All participants were female. Participants’ SFSQ scores calculated from the 9 evenings in the study period were averaged to establish a threshold for categorizing high-fatigue (HF) and low-fatigue (LF) groups. No significant differences were found between HF and LF nurses in terms of TIB, deep sleep time, nighttime awakening time or frequency, or sleep efficiency on any type of day (as classified by shift, day off, etc.). Nurses in both groups woke up significantly later on days off and on pre-night-shift days than on day-shift days. These results demonstrate the variation in sleep patterns of nurses on a rotating, two-shift system between day-shift and night-shift days.

关键词： Fatigue Rotating Shifts Nurse Sleep

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Effect of pulmonary rehabilitation on oxidative stress in patients with pulmonary diseases

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2012年第7期3卷 1028-1036页

作者： Masayuki Itoh Kenji nemoto Takao Tsuji Hiroyuki Nakamura Kazutetsu Aoshiba Department of Respiratory Medicine Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center Ibaraki Japan

Exercise-training-based pulmonary rehabilitation has been confirmed to be effective in improving the activities of daily living (ADL) and relieving the dyspnea of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. Exercise training increases the antioxidant capacity of COPD patients, but since strenuous exercise and acute exercise loading have the opposite effect and increase oxidative stress, it is important to establish exercise training conditions that efficiently raise antioxidant capacity without increasing oxidative stress. Research on oxidative stress during exercise training by COPD patients has been pursued from that standpoint, but in recent years the targets of research on respirator diseases other than COPD have been expanding. In this article we will therefore review the results of research that has been conducted thus far on the effect of pulmonary rehabilitation on oxidative stress, including the results obtained at our own institution.

关键词： Pulmonary Rehabilitation Exercise Oxidative Stress Antioxidants Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

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Study on Properties of Mortar and Concrete Using Belite-Gehlenite Clinker as Fine Aggregate

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材料科学与工程（中英文A版） 2017年第2期7卷 89-96页

作者： Hiromi Fujiwara Takaya Kawato Masanori Maruoka Masatoshi nemoto Kensuke Hayashi Design and Engineering for the Global Environment Graduate School of Utsunomiya University Tochigi 321-0904 Japan Taiheiyo Cement Corporation Central Research Laboratory 2-4-2 Osaku Sakura City Chiba Prefecture 285-8655 Japan

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Factors Relevant to Knee Pain among Independent Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Complete Cross-Sectional Study

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2020年第11期10卷 277-287页

作者： Shinichiro Sato Yuta nemoto Noriko Takeda Yoshinori Kitabatake Kazushi Maruo Takashi Arao Faculty of Health Sciences University of Human Arts and Sciences Saitama Japan Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Tokyo Japan Division of Liberal Arts Kogakuin University Tokyo Japan Department of Health Sciences Saitama Prefectural University Saitama Japan Faculty of Medicine University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan Meiji Yasuda Life Foundation of Health and Welfare Tokyo Japan

Objective: Knee pain is commonly observed among older adults. Therefore, the prevention of knee pain in older adults is a major public health issue. This study aimed to clarify factors relevant to knee pain among older adults. Methods: This study targeted all independent older adults (N = 6661) living in a local municipality in Japan. Participants’ health status and lifestyle habits were surveyed using a questionnaire. The survey was conducted from 15 January to 14 February 2016. Relationships between knee pain and physical activity, sitting time, nutrition, drinking, smoking, or body mass index (BMI) were examined using logistic regression analysis. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) adjusted for several confounding factors were calculated. Results: Older adults of 5311 responded to the questionnaire and 1843 reported knee pain. The prevalence of knee pain was 34.8%. Knee pain was significantly associated with BMI (OR: 0.60, 95% CI: 0.51 - 0.69, P P P P = 0.001). Conclusions: This study suggests that one in three independently-living older adults experiences chronic knee pain and that physical activity, BMI, and nutritional status are associated with knee pain.

关键词： Complete Survey Physical Activity Prevalence Rate Sitting Time

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