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Impact of Urban Solid Waste on the Water of the Kpondjo River(Sokode,Togo)

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2022年第5期16卷 263-269页

作者： Nitale M'Balikine Krou Gnon baba Laboratory for Sanitation Water Sciences and Environment(LSWSE) Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of KaraP.O.BOX.297 KaraTogo

The main objective of the work is to search for relevant indicators for assessing the impact of waste on water quality and their contribution to climate change. The leaching test applied allowed accelerated access to the water-soluble material that can be mobilized in the various fractions of household and similar waste from the city of Sokodé, a material that can be salted out by leaching and leaching processes in nature. It has thus made it possible to evaluate the reactivity of the waste by promoting access to the composition and the quality of the released organic matter and to facilitate a follow-up of the recovery of the biological activity over a period of 120 hours. The study of physicochemical quality of the waters of Kpondjo River has shown a link between the deterioration of the quality of the river's water and the manner of waste management. The 17541 m3 of methane generated by sludge from slaughterhouses and fermentable fractions of solid waste, could contribute to climate change. Indeed, a composting valorization of biodegradable fraction of solid waste that is generated in this town would reduce the methane produced by this waste and thus help to reduce global warming trends.

关键词： Change climate leaching methane organic matter

Construction of Control Charts for Monitoring Various Parameters Related to the Management of the COVID-19 Pandemic

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2021年第3期9卷 9-19页

作者： Mame Faty Mbaye Ngor Sarr baba Ngom Laboratoire Sciences et Techniques de l’Eau et de l’Environnement (LASTEE) Ecole Polytechnique de Thiès Thiès Sénégal

To monitor the quality characteristics of a process, appropriate graphical and statistical tools must be used. These tools are capable of showing the evolution over time of the behavior of the quality characteristics (measurable or countable) and detecting situations that seem to present certain anomalies. The control chart is one of these tools widely used in quality management. In the process of managing the COVID-19 pandemic, this tool will make it possible to know at all times whether the parameters monitored such as the positivity rate, the recovery rate, and the mortality rate, are under control and to act accordingly. Monitoring cure and mortality rates will also show us the effectiveness of the treatments used.

关键词： COVID-19 Statistical Process Control Control Charts Healthcare

Chronic infl ammation and gastrointestinal cancer

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Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2015年第1期1卷 138-143页

作者： Satoshi Ida Masayuki Watanabe Hideo baba Department of Gastroenterological Surgery Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer ResearchTokyo 135-8550Japan Department of Gastroenterological Surgery Graduate School of Medical SciencesKumamoto UniversityKumamoto 860-8556Japan.

Chronic inflammation has been identified as an important risk factor in the development of the gastrointestinal(GI)tract cancers,and the underlying molecular mechanisms have been studied *** infl ammation is able to trigger cellular events to promote malignant transformation of normal epithelial cells in the GI tract to *** inflammation responses in carcinogenesis are through multiple mechanisms such as reactive oxygen and nitration species from mononuclear phagocytes and leukocytes,immune response and pro-inflammatory *** factor-κB(NF-κB)has been considered as the central mediator of the immune *** of NF-κB by phosphorylation leads to translocation of NF-κB protein to the nucleus,and in turn regulates the transcription of several pro-infl ammatory cytokines and ***,chronic inflammation creates an environment for genomic and epigenetic *** this review,we summarize the important molecular mechanisms that link chronic infl ammation and GI tract cancer,including esophageal,gastric and colonic cancers,focusing on infective and noninfective agents such as gastroesophageal reflux disease,Helicobacter pylori gastritis and infl ammatory bowel disease.

关键词： Cancer gastrointestinal tract immune response infl ammation

Cancer metabolism in gastrointestinal cancer

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Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2015年第1期1卷 172-182页

作者： Hiroshi Sawayama Nobutomo Miyanari Hideo baba Department of Surgery National Hospital Organization Kumamoto Medical Center1-5 NinomaruKumamoto 860-0008Japan Department of Gastroenterological Surgery Graduate School of Medical SciencesKumamoto University1-1-1 HonjoKumamoto 860-8556Japan.

Cancer cells exhibit altered glucose metabolism,mitochondrial dysfunction,anaerobic glycolysis and upregulation of the pentose phosphate pathway(PPP).Recent genetic and metabolic analyses have provided insights into the molecular mechanisms of genes that are involved in the alteration of cancer metabolism and *** induced factor 1 regulates the reciprocal relationship between glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation,and p53 also modulates the balance between the glycolytic pathway and oxidative *** function in cancer differs from that in normal cells owing to mutations of mitochondrial DNA and alterations of *** of transcription factors,metabolite transporters and glycolytic enzymes is observed and associated with poor prognosis,and it may be associated with chemoradiotherapy resistance in multiple cancer cell *** PPP plays a critical role in regulating cancer cell growth by supplying cells with ribose-5-phosphate and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate for detoxifi cation of intra-cellular reactive oxygen species(ROS),reductive biosynthesis and ribose *** levels increase during carcinogenesis owing to metabolic *** review discusses alterations of mitochondrial metabolism,anaerobic glycolysis,the PPP and control of ROS levels by the endogenous anti-oxidant system in cancer,as well as the novel small molecules targeting these enzymes or transporters that exert anti-proliferative effects.

关键词： Anti-oxidants cancer metabolism mitochondria pentose phosphate pathway reactive oxygen species Warburg effect

Microenvironment in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer metastasis

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Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2018年第1期4卷 118-132页

作者： Hiroshi Sawayama Takatsugu Ishimoto Hideo baba Department of Gastroenterological Surgery Graduate School of Medical SciencesKumamoto UniversityKumamoto 860-8556Japan

Tumor tissues contain cancer cells,other cellular and non-cellular comp onen *** microe nvir onments consist of cancer cells and various types of stromal cells,can cer associated fibroblasts,bone marrow-derived cells,en dothelial cells,and hematopoietic cells,mainly tumor-associated macrophages and tumor-infiltrating *** recent evidence has demonstrated that alteration of tumor microenvironments is deeply implicated in tumor progression and metastasis in gastric can cer(GC)*** in vestigati ons have provided in sights into the molecular mecha ni sms of the interaction between tumor cells and tumor *** between cancer cells and their microe nvir onment with cytok ines and microRNA in extracellular vesicles,such as the exosome,can have a substa ntial impact on tumor *** ons in the tumor microe nvironment may play a crucial role in facilitating the progression of tumor cells and metastasis,as well as the activation of cell signaling pathways,which are associated with GC cell proliferati on and in vasi on by genetic or epigenetic *** this review,significant molecular in sights into the tumor microenvironment,which consist of cancer associated fibroblasts,bone marrow-derived cells,tumor-associated macrophages and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes;the interactions between cancer cells and their microenvironment;and the clinical impacts of alterations of GC microenvironments will be discussed.

关键词： Tumor microenvironments cancer associated fibroblasts bone marrow-derived cells tumor-associated macrophages tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes

Development of Powder Metallurgy （PM） Compacted Cu-TaC Electrodes for EDM

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Journal of Mechanics Engineering and Automation 2011年第5期1卷 385-391页

作者： Mohammed baba Ndaliman Ahsan Ali Khan Department of Manufacturing and Materials Engineering Kulliyyah of Engineering International lslamic University Malaysia P. O.

The main aim of this paper is to investigate the properties of Cu-TaC electrodes produced by Powder Metallurgy （PM） method. The design of Experiment （DOE） method was used to plan the investigation. Two different compositions of the powders （Cu-TaC with 30 and 55 % wt TaC） were used. The major properties which determine suitability of electrodes for Electro Discharge Machining （EDM） are electrical conductivity, therrnal conductivity and to some extent density. These properties were measured for the green compacted electrodes, analyzed and compared with their sintered counterparts. This is the initial stage to determine the suitability or otherwise of the compacted electrodes. The results showed that the compacted electrodes in green form can be suitable for EDM, since the electrical conductivities are very high （94.96-189.92Ω^-1m^-1）. The thermal conductivity is good （29.70-33.20W/m K）. The density ranges between 6.13 and 9.80 g/cm3. The sintered electrodes were found to be unsuitable at the specified conditions, because they became non-conductive electrically after sintering. Current efforts are geared towards improving these properties for the sintered ones and also determining their optimum levels.

关键词： Powder metallurgy (PM) green compact Cu-TaC thermal conductivity electrical conductivity density EDM (electrodischarge machining).

Processing and Properties of Porous (K,Na)NbO_3-based Lead-free Piezoceramics

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Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society 2016年第1期3卷 9-16页

作者： baba Ryosuke KARAKI Tomoaki FUJII Tadashi Department of Intelligent Systems Design Engineering Toyama Prefectural University

Porous piezoceramics are of interest for applications such as low frequency hydrophones. Porous(K,Na,Li)NbO_3-BaZrO_3-(Bi,Na)TiO_3 lead-free piezoceramics having vertical morphotropic phase boundary composition were fabricated by adding 30 μm-diameter acrylic resins. The ceramic powders were synthesized by a conventional solid-state reaction method and then mixed with the resins. Volume ratios of ceramics to resin were 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, and 60:40. After burning out the resins and binder, the specimens were sintered at 1170–1190 ℃ for 5 h. The porous specimen with 30 vol% acrylic resin had longitudinal acoustic velocity of 4518 m/s, acoustic impedance of 16.44 Mkg/(m^2·s), and hydrostatic figure of merit of 405×10^(-15)m^2/N. The hydrostatic figure of merit was about 4 times of that of monolithic ceramics. Compared with monolithic ceramics, the porous specimen had a better transducer sensitivity for underwater applications.

关键词： porous materials lead-free piezoceramics acoustic impedance hydrostatic figure of merit

Genetic Polymorphisms and Toxicities of First-Line Antituberculosis Drugs: Systematic Review of the Literature

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2022年第3期10卷 124-145页

作者： Sekossounon Sanni Haziz Sina Lamine baba-Moussa Faculty of Health Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin Faculty of Sciences and Technology University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin

Introduction: Polymorphisms are the main genetic factors associated with toxicities of antituberculosis drugs. This literature review summarizes the polymorphisms of the genes that code for the enzymes of the metabolism of antituberculosis drugs and their transmembrane transporters. Some mechanisms of drug-associated toxicities and strategies for their management have also been described in this review. Methods: The bibliographic searches were exclusively carried out in PubMed, over a period of ten years (2010-2020). The search terms were the words “toxicity + antituberculosis drug + one or two word(s) among the following: polymorphism, genetics, mutation, SNP, HLA or haplotype”. Publications in English or French, relating to the various toxicities associated with first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs (Rifampicin, Isoniazid, Ethambutol and Pyrazinamide) administered to patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, extrapulmonary tuberculosis or co-infected with TB/HIV were included in this review. Duplicates, in vitro, in silico or drug-induced toxicity studies other than antituberculosis drugs and genetic mutations of Mycobacteria strains were not included. Results: The studies selected and included were case reports, cohort studies, original research, systematic reviews and meta-analyses on human subjects of different ethnic origins. Hepatotoxicity is the most common toxicity associated with NAT2, CYP2E1, GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms in patients on antituberculosis drugs. Other forms of toxicity, less frequent, occurring in certain patients under concomitant treatment with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), antiretrovirals (ARVs), antibiotics or antiepileptics have also been identified. Conclusion: The genetic polymorphisms associated with the toxicities of antituberculosis drugs concern both the main enzymes of the metabolic pathways (NAT2, CYP2E1, GST) and the transmembrane transporters (SLCO1B1 and ABCB1). Other genetic polymorphisms (TXNRD1, SOD2, TYMP) have

关键词： Polymorphism Genetics SNP Toxicity Rifampicin Isoniazid

Inverted Meckel's diverticulum preoperatively diagnosed using double-balloon enteroscopy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第17期22卷 4416-4420页

作者： Kosuke Takagaki Satoshi Osawa Tatsuhiro Ito Moriya Iwaizumi Yasushi Hamaya Hiroe Tsukui Takahisa Furuta Hidetoshi Wada Satoshi baba Ken Sugimoto First Department of Medicine Hamamatsu University School of Medicine Department of Endoscopic and Photodynamic Medicine Hamamatsu University School of Medicine Department of Diagnostic Pathology Hamamatsu University School of Medicine Center for Clinical Research Hamamatsu University School of Medicine First Department of Surgery Hamamatsu University School of Medicine

An inverted Meckel’s diverticulum is a rare gastrointestinal congenital anomaly that is difficult to diagnose prior to surgery and presents with anemia, abdominal pain, or intussusception. Here, we report the case of 57-year-old men with an inverted Meckel’s diverticulum, who was preoperatively diagnosed using double-balloon enteroscopy. He had repeatedly experienced epigastric pain for 2 mo. Ultrasonography and computed tomography showed intestinal wall thickening in the pelvis. Double-balloon enteroscopy via the anal route was performed for further examination, which demonstrated an approximately 8-cm, sausage-shaped, submucosal tumor located approximately 80 cm proximal to the ileocecal valve. A small depressed erosion was observed at the tip of this lesion. Forceps biopsy revealed heterotopic gastric mucosa. Thus, the patient was diagnosed with an inverted Meckel’s diverticulum, and single-incision laparoscopic surgery was performed. This case suggests that an inverted Meckel’s diverticulum should be considered as a differential diagnosis for a submucosal tumor in the ileum. Balloon-assisted enteroscopy with forceps biopsy facilitate a precise diagnosis of this condition.

关键词： Inverted Meckel’ s diverticulum Double-balloon enteroscopy Small bowel tumor Epigastric pain Heterotopic gastric mucosa