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System reliability analysis of downstream spillways based on collapse of upstream spillways

International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2015年第4期8卷 140-150,I0003页

作者： Won Choi Jeongbae Jeon Jinseon Park JeongJae lee Seongsoo yoon Department of Rural Systems Engineering College of Agriculture and Life SciencesSeoul National UniversitySeoul 151-921South Korea Department of Agricultural and Rural Engineering College of AgricultureLife and Environments SciencesChungbuk National UniversityChungbuk 362-763South Korea Department of Rural Systems Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Life SciencesCollege of Agriculture and Life SciencesSeoul National UniversitySeoul 151-921South Korea

Some agricultural reservoirs in South Korea are vulnerable to situations in which they are unable to function as reservoirs because of essential safety *** is because 70%of existing agricultural reservoirs were originally constructed more than 50 years ago;most of these reservoirs have not been maintained or managed since their initial *** the worst cases,reservoirs are connected to one another by short distances and/or the sizes of upstream reservoirs are larger than the sizes of downstream *** components of the reservoirs,such as their embankments,spillways,and water intake facilities,have been considered in order to understand the main factors associated with potential reservoir ***,this study aims to estimate the probability of failure in downstream spillways upon the collapse of upstream spillways(for reservoirs connected in series).A simple equation to calculate the rise in the water level in downstream spillways,which is caused by the collapse of upstream spillways,was *** equation was based on the discharge equation of an overflowing rectangular weir and the scaling law for continuous *** verify the proposed simple equation,the water level increments were compared with the simulated results of the commercial software FLOW-3D,which is an accurate computational fluid dynamics(CFD)program that is used for tracking free-surface *** values predicted through the simple formula were close to the simulated data(within a maximum prediction error of 5%).The values were updated to reflect the effects of hydraulic pressures on the walls of downstream spillways,thereby allowing the failure probabilities(due to overturning,sliding,and settlement)of the downstream spillways to be *** study found that the failure probabilities of independent components in reservoirs are significantly different from the systematic failure values observed in sequential modes.

关键词： failure probability collapse spillway discharge scaling law FLOW-3D

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High-throughput volumetric adaptive optical imaging using compressed time-reversal matrix

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第1期11卷 114-126页

作者： Hojun lee Seokchan yoon Pascal Loohuis Jin Hee Hong Sungsam Kang Wonshik Choi Center for Molecular Spectroscopy and Dynamics Institute for Basic ScienceSeoul 02841Korea Department of Physics Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Korea Department of Applied Mathematics University of TwenteDrienerlolaan 57522 NB EnschedeNetherlands Achmea Holding BV Handelsweg 23707 NH ZeistNetherlands

Deep-tissue optical imaging suffers from the reduction of resolving power due to tissue-induced optical aberrations and multiple scattering *** matrix approaches recording the maps of backscattered waves for all the possible orthogonal input channels have provided formidable solutions for removing severe aberrations and recovering the ideal diffraction-limited spatial resolution without relying on fluorescence labeling and guide ***,measuring the full input–output response of the tissue specimen is time-consuming,making the real-time image acquisition ***,we present the use of a time-reversal matrix,instead of the reflection matrix,for fast high-resolution volumetric imaging of a mouse *** time-reversal matrix reduces two-way problem to one-way problem,which effectively relieves the requirement for the coverage of input *** a newly developed aberration correction algorithm designed for the time-reversal matrix,we demonstrated the correction of complex aberrations using as small as 2%of the complete basis while maintaining the image reconstruction fidelity comparable to the fully sampled reflection *** to nearly 100-fold reduction in the matrix recording time,we could achieve real-time aberration-correction imaging for a field of view of 40×40µm^(2)(176×176 pixels)at a frame rate of 80 ***,we demonstrated high-throughput volumetric adaptive optical imaging of a mouse brain by recording a volume of 128×128×125µm^(3)(568×568×125 voxels)in 3.58 s,correcting tissue aberrations at each and every 1µm depth section,and visualizing myelinated axons with a lateral resolution of 0.45µm and an axial resolution of 2µm.

关键词： matrix correction recording

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Temporal patterns of three sympatric pheasant species in the Nanling Mountains: N-mixture modeling applied to detect abundance

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Avian Research 2019年第4期10卷 405-414页

作者： Fasheng Zou Qiang Zhang Min Zhang Myung‑bok lee Xincai Wang Yuening Gong Changteng Yang Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and UtilizationGuangdong Institute of Applied Biological ResourcesGuangzhou 510260China Guangdong Nanling National Nature Reserve Ruyuan 512727China

Background:The reliability of long-term population estimates is crucial for conservation and management *** previous studies assume that count indices are proportionally related to abundance;however,this assumption may not hold when detection varies spatially and *** examined seasonal variations in abundance of three bird species(Cabot’s Tragopan Tragopan caboti,Silver Pheasant Lophura nycthemera,and Whitenecklaced Partridge Arborophila gingica) along an elevational gradient,using N-mixture models that take into account imperfect detection in our bird ***:Camera-trapping was used to monitor temporal activity patterns of these species at Guangdong Nanling National Nature Reserve from December 2013 to November 2017(4 seasons per year).For abundance analysis(N-mixture modeling),we divided a year into 4 seasons,i.e.3 months per season,and performed the analysis by *** was incorporated into the N-mixture model as a covariate that may affect *** compared the N-mixture model with a null model(no covariate model) and selected the better model based on AIC values to make an ***:From 24 sampling sites,we obtained 6786 photographs of 8482 individuals of 44 bird species and 26 mammal *** Pheasant was photographed much more frequently and showed higher temporal activity frequency than White-necklaced Partridge or Cabot’s *** Pheasant was camera-captured most frequently in summer,and other two species in *** three species had two daytime activity peaks:between 6:00 *** 10:00 a.m.,and between 5:00 *** 7:00 p.m.,*** estimated abundance and detection probability from the N-mixture model were variable by *** particular,all three species showed greater abundance in summer than in winter,and estimated abundance patterns of all three species were more similar with observed cameratrapping counts in ***,in winter,elevation had a positive impact on abundan

关键词： Abundance estimation Camera-trapping Imperfect detectability Nanling Mountains Spatio-temporal distribution Sympatric distribution

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A General Approach to Testing Volatility Models in Time Series

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Journal of Management Science and Engineering 2017年第1期2卷 1-33页

作者： Yongmiao Hong yoon-Jin lee Department of Economics and Department of Statistical Science Uris HallCornell UniversityIthacaNY 14850USA Wang Yanan Institute for Studies in Economics Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005FujianChina Department of Economics Kansas State UniversityWaters HallManhattanKS 66506USA

Volatility models have been playing important roles in economics and *** a generalized spectral second order derivative approach,we propose a new class of generally applicable omnibus tests for the adequacy of linear and nonlinear volatility *** tests have a convenient asymptotic null N(0,1)distribution,and can detect a wide range of misspecifications for volatility dynamics,including both neglected linear and nonlinear volatility *** from the existing diagnostic tests for volatility models,our tests are robust to time-varying higher order moments of unknown form(e.g.,time-varying skewness and kurtosis).They check a large number of lags and are therefore expected to be powerful against neglected volatility dynamics that occurs at higher order lags or display long memory *** using a large number of lags,our tests do not suffer much from the loss of a large number of degrees of freedom,because our approach naturally discounts higher order lags,which is consistent with the stylized fact that economic or financial markets are affected more by the recent past events than by the remote past *** specific estimation method is required,and parameter estimation uncertainty has no impact on the convenient limit N(0,1)distribution of the test ***,there is no need to formulate an alternative volatility model,and only estimated standardized residuals are needed to implement our *** do not have to calculate tedious and model-specific score functions or derivatives of volatility models with respect to estimated parameters,which are required in some existing popular diagnostic tests for volatility *** examine the finite sample performance of the proposed *** is documented that the new tests are rather powerful in detecting neglected nonlinear volatility dynamics which the existing tests can easily *** are useful diagnostic tools for practitioners when modelling volatility dynamics.

关键词： GARCH models Nonlinear volatility dynamics Specification testing

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Perfluorooctanoic acid(PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid(PFOS) concentrations in the South Korean agricultural environment: A national survey

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第8期16卷 1841-1851页

作者： Geun-Hyoung Choi Deuk-Young lee Dong-Kyu Jeong Saranya Kuppusamy Yong bok lee Byung-Jun Park Jin-Hyo Kim Chemical Safety Division National Institute of Agricultural ScienceRural Development Administration Division of Applied Life Science(BK21 Plus) Institute of Agriculture and Life Science(IALS)Gyeongsang National University

Research on the occurrence of perfluorochemicals （PFCs） such as perfluorooctanesulfonic acid （PFOS） and perfluorooctanoic acid （PFOA） in the agricultural environment is lacking, in spite of their potential risk via food chain transfer from aquatic and soil-plant systems to animals and/or humans. In the present study, for the first time, soil and water samples collected from 243 different agricultural sites adjacent to waste water treatment plants （WWTPs） belonging to 81 cities and 5 provinces with different levels of industrialization in South Korea were monitored for concentrations of PFOS and PFOA by use of solid phase extraction and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy （LC-MS/MS）. Significant mean concentrations of PFOA （0.001-0.007 tJg L-1 water and 〈0.05-1.573 tJg kg-1 soil） and PFOS （0.001-0.22 tJg L-1 water and 〈0.05-0.741 pg kg-1 soil） were found in all samples. Concentrations of PFCs in soils were high, highlighting that soil is an important sink for PFCs in the agricultural environment. Samples from near WWTPs in Gyeongsang Province contained the highest concentrations of PFOS and PFOA, reflecting the concentration of heavy industry in the province. The concentrations of PFCs in agricultural water （most samples 〈0.05 pg L-~） and soils （most samples 〈1 IJg kg-~） from South Korea were less than acceptable guideline values, indicating that South Korea is not a hotspot of PFOS and PFOA contamination and that there is negligible risk to human and ecological health from these chemicals. However, further studies investigating the seasonal variation in PFOA, PFOS and other perfluorochemical concentrations in the agricultural environment are needed.

关键词： PFOS PFOA agricultural environment residual concentration South Korea

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Enhancement of motor functional recovery in thoracic spinal cord injury: voluntary wheel running versus forced treadmill exercise

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 836-844页

作者： Do-Hun lee Dan Cao Younghye Moon Chen Chen Nai-Kui Liu Xiao-Ming Xu Wei Wu Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Department of Neurological Surgery Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Department of Neuroscience Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA

Spinal cord injury necessitates effective rehabilitation strategies, with exercise therapies showing promise in promoting recovery. This study investigated the impact of rehabilitation exercise on functional recovery and morphological changes following thoracic contusive spinal cord injury. After a 7-day recovery period after spinal cord injury, mice were assigned to either a trained group(10 weeks of voluntary running wheel or forced treadmill exercise) or an untrained group. Bi-weekly assessments revealed that the exercise-trained group, particularly the voluntary wheel exercise subgroup, displayed significantly improved locomotor recovery, more plasticity of dopaminergic and serotonin modulation compared with the untrained group. Additionally, exercise interventions led to gait pattern restoration and enhanced transcranial magnetic motor-evoked potentials. Despite consistent injury areas across groups, exercise training promoted terminal innervation of descending axons. In summary, voluntary wheel exercise shows promise for enhancing outcomes after thoracic contusive spinal cord injury, emphasizing the role of exercise modality in promoting recovery and morphological changes in spinal cord injuries. Our findings will influence future strategies for rehabilitation exercises, restoring functional movement after spinal cord injury.

关键词： behavioral assessment motor function neural plasticity running wheel exercise spinal cord injury treadmill exercise voluntary exercise

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Fucoidan protects hepatocytes from apoptosis and inhibits invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma by up-regulating p42/44 MAPK-dependent NDRG-1/CAP43

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2015年第6期5卷 544-553页

作者： Yuri Cho Jung-Hwan yoon Jeong-ju Yoo Minjong lee Dong Hyeon lee Eun Ju Cho Jeong-Hoon lee Su Jong Yu yoon Jun Kim Chung Yong Kim Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute Seoul National University College of Medicine

Fucoidan is a traditional Chinese medicine suggested to possess anti-tumor *** this study the anti-metastatic effects of fucoidan were investigated in vitro in human hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) cells(Huh-7 and SNU-761) under normoxic and hypoxic conditions and in vivo using a distant liver metastasis model involving injection of MH134 cells into spleen via the portal *** ability to protect hepatocytes against bile acid(BA)-induced apoptosis was investigated in primary *** was found to suppress the invasion of HCC cells through up-regulation of p42/44 MAPKdependent NDRG-1/CAP43 and partly,under normoxic conditions,through up-regulation of p42/44MAPK-dependent VMP-1 *** also significantly decreased liver metastasis in *** regards its hepatoprotective effect,fucoidan decreased BA-induced hepatocyte apoptosis as shown by the attenuation of caspase-8,and-7 cleavages and suppression of the mobilization of caspase-8 and Fas associated death domain(FADD) into the death-inducing signaling *** summary,fucoidandisplays inhibitory effects on proliferation of HCC cells and protective effects on *** results suggest fucoidan is a potent suppressor of tumor invasion with hepatoprotective effects.

关键词： Fucoidan Hepatocellular carcinoma Invasion Hypoxia Hepatoprotective Cultured hepatocyte NDRG-1/CAP43 VMP-1

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Consecutive occurrence of benign epilepsy with centro-temporal spike and childhood absence epilepsy: true coexistence or atypical evolution?

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2018年第4期14卷 410-411页

作者： Eun Hye lee Hoi Soo yoon Department of Pediatrics College of MedicineKyung Hee UniversitySeoulKorea

We read with great interest the recent review of benign epilepsy with centro-temporal spikes (BECTS) and child-hood absence epilepsy (CAE) by Verrotti et al. (1)BECTS and CAE are the most common epilepsy syndromes in childhood and share certain clinical features: similar age at onset, overall good prognosis, and genetic predispo-sition. Several studies have reported the coexistence of the two syndromes, and recently, Verrotti et al. analyzed 19 cases reported to have clinical features of CAE and BECTS. Among the total 19 cases, three cases had fea-tures of both syndromes contemporarily;three cases expe-rienced absence seizures initially followed by BECTS;and the other 13 cases experienced BECTS at onset and had absence seizures later.

关键词： Consecutive occurrence benign epilepsy centro-temporal spike childhood epilepsy true coexistence atypical evolution

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Successful treatment of basaloid squamous cell carcinoma in the rectosigmoid colon: A case report and review of literature

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第14期8卷 3057-3063页

作者： Taek-Gu lee Soon Man yoon Myung Jo Kim Department of Surgery Chungbuk National University HospitalChungbuk National University College of MedicineCheongju 28644South Korea Department of Internal Medicine Chungbuk National University HospitalChungbuk National University College of MedicineCheongju 28644South Korea

BACKGROUND Compared with colorectal adenocarcinoma,basaloid squamous cell carcinomas(BSCCs)arising in the colorectum are rare and have very poor *** date,only nine cases have been *** BSCCs are extensively involved in metastasis to the lymph node,liver,and lung at *** many clinicians attempting to effectively treat BSCCs,therapeutic consensus has not been established due to lack of *** SUMMARY A 58-year-old woman presented with abdominal pain,diarrhea,fever,and *** was referred from a department of gynecology and was diagnosed with a suspicious leiomyosarcoma of the rectum or a pedunculated myoma of the *** exophytic growing mass at the right lateral wall of the rectum with an internal cystic portion and hemorrhage was observed on magnetic resonance *** patient underwent low anterior resection and total hysterectomy with bilateral *** findings revealed a cellular mass with a solid growth pattern and few glandular structures,many foci of intratumoral necrosis,and a palisading *** pathologist diagnosed tumor as a BSCC,and the patient received chemotherapy with fluorouracil/leucovorin without *** patient is currently alive 8 years after the surgery with no manifestations of metastatic colon *** Our case suggest that curative resection and chemotherapy play important roles in improving survival,and radiotherapy may be an option to avoid radiationassociated enteritis.

关键词： Basaloid squamous cell carcinomas Rectosigmoid colon Colorectal cancer Adjuvant chemotherapy Curative resection Case report

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Does antiviral therapy reduce complications of cirrhosis?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第23期20卷 7306-7311页

作者： Goh Eun Chung Jeong-Hoon lee yoon Jun Kim Department of Internal Medicine Healthcare Research InstituteGangnam Healthcare CenterSeoul National University HospitalSeoul 135-984South Korea Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute Seoul National College of MedicineSeoul 110-744South Korea

Chronic hepatitis B infection is associated with the development of cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and finally liver-related mortality. Each year, approximately, 2%-5% of patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related compensated cirrhosis develop decompensation, with additional clinical manifestations, such as ascites, jaundice, hepatic encephalopathy, and gastrointestinal bleeding. The outcome of decompensated HBV-related cirrhosis is poor, with a 5-year survival of 14%-35% compared to 84% in patients with compensated cirrhosis. Because the risk of disease progression is closely linked to a patient’s serum HBV DNA level, antiviral therapy may suppress viral replication, stabilize liver function and improve survival. This article briefly reviews the role that antiviral therapy plays in cirrhosis complications, particularly, in decompensation and acute-on-chronic liver failure.

关键词： Antiviral therapy Cirrhosis Complication Hepatitis B Decompensation

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