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Experimental and mechanistic study on chemical looping combustion of caking coal

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2021年第9期34卷 89-96页

作者： Xiuli Zhang Zhengdong Gao Yongzhuo Liu Yuanhao Hou Xiaoqing Sun Qingjie Guo Key Laboratory of Clean Chemical Processing of Shandong Province College of Chemical EngineeringQingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266042China State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Coal Utilization and Green Chemical Engineering College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNingxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China

Under high-temperature batch fluidized bed conditions and by employing juye coal as the raw material,the present study determined the effects of the bed material,temperature,OC/C ratio,steam flow and oxygen carrier cycle on the chemical looping combustion of coal.In addition,the variations taking place in the surface functional groups of coal under different reaction times were investigated,and the variations achieved by the gas released under the pyrolysis and combustion of Juye coal were analyzed.As revealed from the results,the carbon conversion ratio and rate were elevated significantly,and the volume fraction of the outlet CO_(2)remained more than 92%under the oxygen carriers.The optimized reaction conditions to achieve the chemical looping combustion of Juye coal consisted of a temperature of 900℃,an OC/C ratio of 2,as well as a steam flow rate of 0.5 g·min^(-1).When the coal was undergoing the chemical looping combustion,volatiles primarily originated from the pyrolysis of aliphatic-CH_(3)and-CH_(2),and CO and H_(2)were largely generated from the gasification of aromatic carbon.In the CLC process,H_(2)O and CO_(2)began to separate out at 270℃,CH4 and tar began to precipitate at 370℃,and the amount of CO_(2)was continuously elevated with the rise of the temperature.

关键词： Caking coal Chemical looping combustion Optimized reaction conditions

Investigation into Syngas Generation from Solid Fuel Using CaSO4-based Chemical Looping Gasification Process

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2013年第2期21卷 127-134页

作者： liu yongzhuo GUO Qingjie College of Chemical Engineering Qingdao University of Science & Technology Key Laboratory of Clean Chemi- cal Processing Engineering of Shandong Province Qingdao 266042 China

化学循环的气化(CLG ) 是为从固体的燃料的 syngas 产生的一个新奇过程，分享象化学循环的燃烧(CLC ) 的一样的基本原则。它也使用氧搬运人(主要金属氧化物和钙硫酸盐) 把热和氧转移到燃料。在这份报纸，进有 CaSO4 的 CLG 过程的主要... 详细信息

化学循环的气化(CLG ) 是为从固体的燃料的 syngas 产生的一个新奇过程，分享象化学循环的燃烧(CLC ) 的一样的基本原则。它也使用氧搬运人(主要金属氧化物和钙硫酸盐) 把热和氧转移到燃料。在这份报纸，进有 CaSO4 的 CLG 过程的主要调查被热力学的分析和实验在试管反应堆作为氧搬运人执行。包含硫的煤气的排放主要在 CLG 过程是 H2S 而非 SO2，显示出从 CLC 的一些不同特征。团和 CLG 过程的热平衡热力学地被计算到确定有不同 CaSO4/C 和 steam/C 的汽车热的操作条件臼齿的比率。CaSO4/C 臼齿的比率应该比 0.2 高到达汽车热的平衡，这被发现。在氧搬运人和煤之间的反应上的温度的效果基于吉布斯被调查免费精力最小方法和试验性的结果。它显示高温度在燃料反应堆赞成了 CLG 进程， syngas 的部分被消费补偿汽车热的系统。

关键词：固体燃料气化工艺硫酸钙合成气化学链燃烧管式反应器循环钙基

Nanotechnology-based combination therapy for overcoming multidrug-resistant cancer

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2017年第3期14卷 212-227页

作者： Meng Zhang Ergang liu Yanna Cui yongzhuo Huang Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201203China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology Institute of NeuroscienceChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China

Multidrug resistance(MDR) is a major obstacle to successful cancer treatment and is crucial to cancer metastasis and relapse.Combination therapy is an effective strategy for overcoming MDR. However, the different pharmacokinetic(PK) profiles of combined drugs often undermine the combination effect in vivo, especially when greatly different physicochemical properties(e.g.,those of macromolecules and small drugs) combine. To address this issue, nanotechnology-based codelivery techniques have been actively explored. They possess great advantages for tumor targeting, controlled drug release, and identical drug PK profiles. Thus,a powerful tool for combination therapy is provided, and the translation from in vitro to in vivo is facilitated. In this review, we present a summary of various combination strategies for overcoming MDR and the nanotechnology-based combination therapy.

关键词： Drug delivery nanotechnology multidrug resistance combination therapy cancer therapy

Self-assembly of amphiphilic peptides to construct activatable nanophotosensitizers for theranostic photodynamic therapy

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2021年第12期32卷 3903-3906页

作者： Shuang Chen Yongzhuo Liu Ri Liang Gaobo Hong Jing An Xiaojun Peng Wen-Heng Zheng Fengling Song State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Eco-Chemical Engineering College of Chemical EngineeringQingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266042China Department of Medical Imaging Cancer Hospital of China Medical UniversityLiaoning Cancer Hospital and InstituteShenyang 110042China Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China

A variety of nano-engineered photosensitizers have been developed for photodynamic therapy(PDT)of cancer diseases. However, traditional nano-engineering methods usually cannot avoid drug leakage and premature release, and have disadvantages such as low drug load and inaccurate release.The self-assembly strategy based on amphiphilic peptides has been considered to be more attractive nano-engineering method. Here we developed novel acid-activatable self-assembled nanophotosensitizers based on an amphiphilic peptide derivative. The peptide derivative was synthesized from a fluorescein molecule with thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF). The self-assembled nanophotosensitizers can specifically enter the tumor cells and disassemble inside lysosomes companied with “turn-on” fluorescence and photodynamic therapy effect. Such smart nanophotosensitizers will open new opportunities for cancer theranostics.

关键词： Photodynamic therapy Nanophotosensitizer Peptides Self-assembly Acid-activatable

Single crystal erbium compound nanowires as high gain material for on-chip light source applications

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2016年第2期9卷 312-317页

作者： Zhicheng liu Hao SUN Leijun YIN yongzhuo LI Jianxing ZHANG Cun-Zheng NING School of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering Arizona State University Tempe Arizona 85287 USA Department of Electronic Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

Integrated photonics requires high gain optical materials in the telecom wavelength range for optical amplifiers and coherent light sources. Erbium （Er） containing materials are ideal candidates due to the 1.5 μm emission from Era＋ ions. However, the Er density in typical Er-doped materials is less than 10^20 cm-3, thus limiting the maximum optical gain to a few dB/cm, too small to be useful for integrated photonic applications. Er compounds could potentially solve this problem since they contain much higher Era＋ density. So far the existing Er compounds suffer from short lifetime and strong upconversion effects, mainly due to poor crystal qualities. Recently, we explore a new Er compound： erbium chloride silicate （ECS, Er3（SiO4）2C1） in the form of nanowire, which facilitates the growth of high quality single crystal with relatively large Era＋ density 0.62 ×10^22 cm^-3）. Previous optical results show that the high crystal quality of ECS material leads to a long lifetime up to 1 ms. The Er lifetime-density product was found to be the largest among all the Er containing materials. Pump-probe experiments demonstrated a 644 dB/cm signal enhancement and 30 dB/cm net gain per unit length from a single ECS wire. As a result, such high-gain ECS nanowires can be potentially fabricated into ultra-compact lasers. Even though a single ECS nanowire naturally serves as good wavegnide, additional feedback mechanism is needed to form an ultra-compact laser. In this work, we demonstrate the direct fabrication of 1D photonic crystal （PhC） air hole array structure on a single ECS nanowire using focused ion beam （FIB）. Transmission measurement shows polarization-dependent stop-band behavior. For transverse electric （TE） polarization, we observed stop-band suppression as much as 12 dB with a 9 μm long airholed structure. Through numerical simulation, we showed that Ω-factor as high as 11000 can be achieved at 1.53 μm for a 1D PhC micro-cavity on an ECS nanowire. Such a high Q cavity combined with the high material gain of ECS nanowi

关键词： nanomaterials rare-earth-doped materials,lasers optical amplifiers nanostructure fabrication micro-cavity devices

基于SKIROC2的64通道前端读出ASIC芯片应用研究

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基于SKIROC2的64通道前端读出ASIC芯片应用研究

作者：刘咏卓成都理工大学

学位级别：硕士

核技术作为一种高新技术广泛应用在国防、工业、资源勘探、核医学及安检等领域,地铁、机场、医院等场合的核仪器设备也随处可见。常规核仪器主要是针对核辐射的能量、强度、时间等参数开展测量,随着核医学成像、航空核应急成像、核电站... 详细信息

核技术作为一种高新技术广泛应用在国防、工业、资源勘探、核医学及安检等领域,地铁、机场、医院等场合的核仪器设备也随处可见。常规核仪器主要是针对核辐射的能量、强度、时间等参数开展测量,随着核医学成像、航空核应急成像、核电站放射性热点成像等需求的迅猛增加,核辐射的阵列成像测量得到了快速发展,成为当前核辐射测量的热点方向之一。随着电子技术、核科学行业日新月异的发展,电路的集成程度越来越高、核测量仪器愈发精密,使得体积小、模块化程度高的核辐射阵列探测仪器得以实现。针对当前核辐射阵列探测电子学结构复杂,体积较大、通道间干扰较多且对高能射线探测效率低等不足,本文设计了由GAGG闪烁晶体阵列和64通道硅光电倍增管阵列耦合而成的伽马射线阵列探测器,基于ASIC芯片SKIROC2设计信号读出电路并编写配套上位机软件,充分利用SKIROC2芯片功能,使之可以应用于各种辐射阵列探测和射线成像等场合。论文主要研究内容及成果如下:1、探测器设计:相较于传统闪烁晶体,GAGG晶体具有更高的探测效率和能量分辨率,且不会潮解。硅光电倍增管MPPC相较于传统光电倍增管PSPMT,具有高倍增比、高光子探测效率、出色时间分辨率等优点,且抗干扰能力强,不会因入射光饱和而烧坏。因此本文设计了由GAGG晶体阵列耦合MPPC组成的64通道伽马射线阵列探测器,并且设计了由16片4通道运放芯片OPA4354构成的探测器阵列单元测试电路。2、信号读出电路设计:与传统核信号前端读出系统臃肿繁杂的电路相比,本文围绕64通道SKIROC2芯片设计了一套信号读出电路,具有简洁、小巧、紧凑的特点,极大地简化了电子学设计。考虑到SKIROC2的输出数据量和今后的扩展需求,读出电路采用了USB3.0方式与上位机进行通信。FPGA作为控制中心实现对SKIROC2以及USB芯片FT600Q的时序逻辑控制。3、上位机软件设计:使用Visual Studio编写Winform软件,通过USB接口与FPGA通信,主要功能是配置SKIROC2芯片参数,接收测量数据并成图显示,软件设计中融合了传统的Windows桌面开发与时下流行的Web前端开发技术,能够直观、精美、全面地展示测量数据,并且在软件中植入了SQLite数据库实现数据的存储与历史复现。4、系统测试及功能特点:整机开发完成之后对其进行了实验测试,探测器分辨率为13.835,信号读出电路触发阈值为0.2f C,积分非线性小于0.1%,电子学噪声小于1.5m V。测试结果显示系统能稳定运行,准确定位入射到闪烁体探测器的伽马射线,并能直观精确地成图展示。

关键词： SKIROC2 GAGG 硅光电倍增管核辐射阵列探测高速USB3.0

Improved method for synthesis of low molecular weight protamine–siRNA conjugate

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2018年第1期8卷 116-126页

作者： Zhili Yu Junxiao Ye Xing Pei Lu Sun Ergang liu Jianxin Wang yongzhuo Huang Seung Jin Lee Huining He Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics School of PharmacyTianjin Medical University College of Pharmacy Tsinghua University Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin University Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery Ministry of Education & PLA Department of Pharmaceutics School of Pharmacy Fudan University Ministry of Education & PLA Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Pharmacy Ewha Womans University Seodaemun-gu

RNAi technology has aroused wide public interest due to its high efficiency and specificity to treat multiple types of diseases. However, the effective delivery of siRNA remains a challenge due to its large molecular weight and strong anionic charge. Considering their remarkable functions in vivo and features that are often desired in drug delivery carriers, biomimetic systems for siRNA delivery become an effective and promising strategy. Based on this, covalent attachment of synthetic cell penetrating peptides(CPP) to siRNA has become of great interest. We developed a monomeric covalent conjugate of low molecular weight protamine(LMWP, a well-established CPP) and siRNA via a cytosol-cleavable disulfide linkage using PEG as a crosslinker. Results showed that the conjugates didn't generate coagulation, and exhibited much better RNAi potency and intracellular delivery compared with the conventional charge-complexed CPP/siRNA aggregates. Three different synthetic and purification methods were compared in order to optimize synthesis efficiency and product yield. The methodology using hetero-bifunctional NHS–PEG–OPSS as a crosslinker to synthesize LMWP–siRNA simplified the synthesis and purification process and produced the highest yield. These results pave the way towards siRNA biomimetic delivery and future clinical translation.

关键词： Cell penetrating peptide siRNA Conjugate Conjugation yield Biomimetic delivery Crosslinker

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基坑局部堆载回压对下卧隧道隆起影响

湖南科技大学学报（自然科学版） 2020年第1期35卷 49-55页

作者：肖勇卓刘刚中国矿业大学力学与土木工程学院江苏徐州221116 中国矿业大学深部岩土力学与地下工程国家重点实验室江苏徐州221116

为在有下卧隧道的基坑开挖过程中实现及时有效的控制隧道隆起,本文提出局部临时堆载措施,并根据Mindlin公式采用MATLAB软件分析局部堆载的3项参数即堆载力、堆载面积和堆载位置对附加应力的影响,基于某基坑案例采用FLAC3D软件进行正交... 详细信息

为在有下卧隧道的基坑开挖过程中实现及时有效的控制隧道隆起,本文提出局部临时堆载措施,并根据Mindlin公式采用MATLAB软件分析局部堆载的3项参数即堆载力、堆载面积和堆载位置对附加应力的影响,基于某基坑案例采用FLAC3D软件进行正交模拟验证.结果表明,堆载力对隧道隆起影响最大,堆载面积次之,堆载位置最小.隧道隆起值随堆载力增大呈比例减小,并随堆载面积增加而逐渐减小,减小幅度逐渐减缓,且随堆载中心与隧道轴线距离缩短,其影响程度逐渐增大.在实际工程中,优先考虑预留合适尺寸的土体并施加堆载作为局部堆载措施.当隧道位于基坑下部时,局部堆载力不得少于原有土体自重的50%,堆载面积应大于基坑总面积的5%;当隧道位于基坑侧面时,局部堆载力不得少于原有土体自重的1倍,堆载面积应大于基坑总面积的7.5%,才能有效控制隧道沉降.

关键词：下卧隧道隧道隆起局部堆载堆载力堆载面积堆载位置

玉米秸秆化学链热解过程铁基复合载氧体的载氧-催化性能

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化工学报 2023年第10期74卷 4153-4163,F0004页

作者：何笑刘晶晶李文瑶刘永卓郭庆杰青岛科技大学化工学院山东青岛266042 宁夏大学省部共建煤炭高效利用与绿色化工国家重点实验室宁夏银川750021

生物质化学链热解利用载氧体将生物质热解-气化反应解耦为不同温度下进行的两级反应,能够同时得到高品质生物油/化学品和清洁合成气。本研究采用溶胶-凝胶法,分别选择碱土金属(Ca、Sr、Ba)和过渡金属(Co、Ni、Cu)制备了六种铁基复合载氧... 详细信息

生物质化学链热解利用载氧体将生物质热解-气化反应解耦为不同温度下进行的两级反应,能够同时得到高品质生物油/化学品和清洁合成气。本研究采用溶胶-凝胶法,分别选择碱土金属(Ca、Sr、Ba)和过渡金属(Co、Ni、Cu)制备了六种铁基复合载氧体,并研究了它们在玉米秸秆生物质化学链热解过程中的载氧-催化性能。研究表明:六种还原态铁基复合载氧体对生物质热解液体产物具有良好的催化裂解、酮基化反应和加氢脱氧能力,显著减少生物油中含氧化合物的含量,增加烃类化合物的生成,在气化阶段将热解焦氧化成以CO为主要组成的合成气。其中,Ca-Fe复合载氧体使生物油中酸类化合物的含量从无载氧体时的29.4%降低到0.3%,合成气中CO产率达到330 L/kg生物质。在650℃、生物质-载氧体质量比为3∶6的优化条件下,对Ca-Fe复合载氧体的10次热解-气化循环进行了研究,结果表明,10次循环过程中Ca-Fe复合载氧体具有优异的催化、脱氧和氧化性能,但多次循环后存在铁相分离和团聚现象。因此,高效稳定铁基复合载氧体仍是未来生物质化学链热解的研究重点。

关键词：铁基复合载氧体化学链热解分级转化生物质热解合成气